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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
Jurisdiction and Access
- EnglishAny court may refer a question of law to the Constitutional Tribunal as to the conformity of a normative act to the Constitution, ratified international agreements or statute, if the answer to such question of law will determine an issue currently before such court. (Art. 193)
- PolishKażdy sąd może przedstawić Trybunałowi Konstytucyjnemu pytanie prawne co do zgodności aktu normatywnego z Konstytucją, ratyfikowanymi umowami międzynarodowymi lub ustawą, jeżeli od odpowiedzi na pytanie prawne zależy rozstrzygnięcie sprawy toczącej się przed sądem. (Art. 193)
Jurisdiction and Access
- English(1) Where any question as to the interpretation or application of this Constitution arises in any proceedings in any court of law in any part of Nigeria (other than in the Supreme Court, the Court of Appeal, the Federal High Court or the National Industrial Court or a High Court) and the court is of the opinion that the question involves a substantial question of law, the court may, and shall if any of the parties to the proceedings so requests, refer the question to the Federal High Court or the National Industrial Court or a High Court having jurisdiction in that part of Nigeria and the Federal High Court or the National Industrial Court or the High Court shall
(a) if it is of opinion that the question involves a substantial question of law, refer the question to the Court of Appeal; or
(b) if it is of opinion that the question does not involve a substantial question of law, remit the question to the court that made the reference to be disposed of in accordance with such directions as the Federal High Court or the National Industrial Court or the High Court may think fit to give.
(2) Where any question as to the interpretation or application of this constitution arises in any proceedings in the Federal High Court or the National Industrial Court or a High Court, and the court is of opinion that the question involves a substantial question of law, the court may, and shall if any party to the proceedings so requests, refer the question to the Court of Appeal; and where any question is referred in pursuance of this subsection, the court shall give its decision upon the question and the court in which the question arose shall dispose of the case in accordance with that decision.
(3) Where any question as to the interpretation or application of this constitution arises in any proceedings in the Court of Appeal and the court is of opinion that the question involves a substantial question of law, the court may, and shall if any party to the proceedings so requests, refer the question to the Supreme Court which shall give its decision upon the question and give such directions to the Court of Appeal as it deems appropriate. (Sec. 295)
Jurisdiction and Access
- EnglishThe Supreme Court of Justice has original and exclusive jurisdiction in the hearing and decision of such matters; and must render its decision in accordance with the requirement for final decisions. (Art. 257)
- SpanishA la Suprema Corte de Justicia le compete el conocimiento y la resolución originaria y exclusiva en la materia; y deberá pronunciarse con los requisitos de las sentencias definitivas. (Art. 257)
Jurisdiction and Access
- English1. When the constitutionality of a law is at issue in a trial, the court shall request a decision of the Constitutional Court, and shall judge according to the decision thereof.
2. The Supreme Court shall have the power to make a final review of the constitutionality or legality of administrative decrees, regulations or actions, when their constitutionality or legality is at issue in a trial.
… (Art. 107) - Korean①법률이 헌법에 위반되는 여부가 재판의 전제가 된 경우에는 법원은 헌법재판소에 제청하여 그 심판에 의하여 재판한다.
②명령·규칙 또는 처분이 헌법이나 법률에 위반되는 여부가 재판의 전제가 된 경우에는 대법원은 이를 최종적으로 심사할 권한을 가진다.
… (제107조)
Jurisdiction and Access
- EnglishA constitutional appeal may be lodged against individual general acts or actions performed by state bodies or organizations exercising delegated public powers which violate or deny human or minority rights and freedoms guaranteed by the Constitution, if other legal remedies for their protection have already been applied or not specified. (Art. 170)
- Serbian CyrillicУставна жалба се може изјавити против појединачних аката или радњи државних органа или организација којима су поверена јавна овлашћења, а којима се повређују или ускраћују људска или мањинска права и слободе зајемчене Уставом, ако су исцрпљена или нису предвиђена друга правна средства за њихову заштиту. (Члан 170)
Jurisdiction and Access
- English(1) After the Shari’ah, the Constitution of the Federal Republic of Somalia is the supreme law of the country. It binds the government and guides policy initiatives and decisions in all sections of government.
(2) Any law, or administrative action that is contrary to the Constitution may be invalidated by the Constitutional Court, which has the authority to do so in accordance with this Constitution. (Art. 4) - Somali(1) Shareecada ka sokow, Dastuurka Soomaaliya waa sharciga dalka ugu sarreeya, isaga ayayna xukuumaddu u hoggaansamaysaa, wuxuuna hagayaa hal-abuurka iyo go’aannada siyaasadeed ee qaybaha Dawladda oo dhan.
(2) Sharci kasta ama tallaabo maamul oo ka soo horjeedda Dastuurka, maxkamadda Dastuuriga ah ayaa awood u leh burrinta sharcigaas ama tallaabadaas maamul, si waafaqsan Dastuurkan. (Qodobka 4aad.)
Jurisdiction and Access
- English
…
11. The Supreme Court shall be the guardian of this Constitution and the final authority on its interpretation.
… (Art. 1) - Dzongkha
…
༡༡) མངོན་མཐོ་ཁྲིམས་འདུན་འདི་ རྩ་ཁྲིམས་ཆེན་མོ་འདིའི་གཞི་འཛིན་དང་ དེའི་དོན་འགྲེལ་ མཐའ་གཅོད་ཀྱི་དབང་འཛིན་ཨིན།
... ༼རྩ་ཚན་༡༽
Jurisdiction and Access
- EnglishThe King, the Prime Minister, the President of the National Assembly or one-tenth of the National Assembly’s Members, the President of the Senate or one-fourth of the Senators, may send the laws adopted by the National Assembly to the Constitutional Council for examination before their promulgation.
The rules of procedure of the National Assembly, the rules of procedure of the Senate and the organic laws must be sent to the Constitutional Council for examination before their promulgation. … (Art. 140) - Khmerព្រះមហាក្សត្រ នាយករដ្ឋមន្ត្រី ប្រធានរដ្ឋសភា តំណាងរាស្រ្តចំនួនមួយភាគដប់ ប្រធានព្រឹទ្ធសភា ឬសមាជិកព្រឹទ្ធសភាចំនួយមួយភាគបួន អាចបញ្ជូនច្បាប់ ដែលរដ្ឋសភាបានអនុម័តទៅឱ្យក្រុមប្រឹក្សាធម្មនុញ្ញពិនិត្យ មុននឹងច្បាប់នោះត្រូវប្រកាសឱ្យប្រើ។
បទបញ្ជាផ្ទៃក្នុង រដ្ឋសភា បទបញ្ជាផ្ទៃក្នុងព្រឹទ្ធសភា និងច្បាប់រៀបចំអង្គការ ទាំងឡាយ ត្រូវតែបញ្ជូនទៅក្រុមប្រឹក្សាធម្មនុញ្ញពិនិត្យ មុននឹងប្រកាសឱ្យប្រើ។ … (មាត្រា ១៤០)
Jurisdiction and Access
- English
(1) There shall be a Constitutional Bench in the Supreme Court. The Constitutional Bench shall consist of the Chief Justice and other four Justices designated by the Chief Justice on recommendation of the Judicial Council.
(2) The Bench referred to in clause (1) shall originally hear and settle the following cases, in addition to the petitions filed pursuant to clause (1) of Article 133:-
(a) Disputes relating to jurisdiction between the Federation and a Province, between Provinces, between a Province and a Local Level and between Local Levels;
(b) Disputes relating to election to members of the Federal Parliament or Provincial Assembly and matters relating to disqualification of a member of the Federal Parliament or of the Provincial Assembly.
(3) Notwithstanding anything contained in Article 133, in case it appears that any case sub judice in the Supreme Court involves a question of serious constitutional interpretation, the Chief Justice may appoint such case to be heard by the Bench referred to in clause (1).
(4) Other provisions relating to the functioning of the Constitutional Bench shall be as determined by the Supreme Court. (Art. 137) - Nepali
(१) सर्वोच्च अदालतमा एक संवैधानिक इजलास रहनेछ । त्यस्तो इजलासमा प्रधान न्यायाधीश र न्याय परिषदको सिफारिसमा प्रधान न्यायाधीशले तोकेका अन्य चारजना न्यायाधीश रहने छन् ।
(२) उपधारा (१) बमोजिमको इजलासले धारा १३३ को उपधारा (१) बमोजिम परेका निवेदनको अतिरिक्त देहायका मुद्दाको शुरू कारबाही र किनारा गर्नेछ ः–
(क) संघ र प्रदेश, प्रदेश र प्रदेश, प्रदेश र स्थानीय तह तथा स्थानीय तहहरू बीचको अधिकार क्षेत्रको बारेमा भएको विवाद सम्बन्धी,
(ख) संघीय संसद वा प्रदेश सभा सदस्यको निर्वाचन सम्बन्धी विवाद र संघीय संसदका सदस्य वा प्रदेश सभाका सदस्यको अयोग्यता सम्बन्धी ।
(३) धारा १३३ मा जुनसुकै कुरा लेखिएको भए तापनि सर्वोच्च अदालतमा विचाराधीन कुनै मुद्दामा गम्भीर संवैधानिक व्याख्याको प्रश्न समावेश भएको देखिएमा त्यस्तो मुद्दा उपधारा (१) बमोजिमको इजलासबाट हेर्ने गरी प्रधान न्यायाधीशले तोक्न सक्नेछ ।
(४) संवैधानिक इजलासको सञ्चालन सम्बन्धी अन्य व्यवस्था सर्वोच्च अदालतले निर्धारण गरे बमोजिम हुनेछ । (धारा १३७)
Jurisdiction and Access
- English(1) In this section a reference to a person’s “ citizenship status ” is a reference to his status as—
(a) a British citizen,
(b) a British overseas territories citizen,
(c) a British Overseas citizen,
(d) a British National (Overseas),
(e) a British protected person, or
(f) a British subject.
(2)The Secretary of State may by order deprive a person of a citizenship status if the Secretary of State is satisfied that deprivation is conducive to the public good.
...
(4) The Secretary of State may not make an order under subsection (2) if he is satisfied that the order would make a person stateless.
(4A) But that does not prevent the Secretary of State from making an order under subsection (2) to deprive a person of a citizenship status if—
(a) the citizenship status results from the person's naturalisation,
(b) the Secretary of State is satisfied that the deprivation is conducive to the public good because the person, while having that citizenship status, has conducted him or herself in a manner which is seriously prejudicial to the vital interests of the United Kingdom, any of the Islands, or any British overseas territory, and
(c) the Secretary of State has reasonable grounds for believing that the person is able, under the law of a country or territory outside the United Kingdom, to become a national of such a country or territory.
... (British Nationality Act 1981, Sec. 40)5