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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
Education
- English
Initial, primary and secondary education are obligatory. In the institutions of the State, education is gratuitous. In the public universities the State guarantees the right to be educated gratuitously to students [alumnos] who maintain a satisfactory performance and who cannot account for the economic resources necessary to cover the costs of education.
With the objective to guarantee the greatest plurality in educational offerings, and in favor of those who cannot pay for their education, the law establishes the mode of subsidizing private education in any of its modalities, including communal and cooperative.
The State promotes the creation of centers of education wherever the population so requires.
The State guarantees the eradication of illiteracy. Similarly, it foments bilingual and intercultural education, according to the characteristics of each zone. It preserves the diverse cultural and linguistic manifestations of the country. It promotes national integration. (Art. 17) - Spanish
La educación inicial, primaria y secundaria son obligatorias. En las instituciones del Estado, la educación es gratuita. En las universidades públicas el Estado garantiza el derecho a educarse gratuitamente a los alumnos que mantengan un rendimiento satisfactorio y no cuenten con los recursos económicos necesarios para cubrir los costos de educación.
Con el fin de garantizar la mayor pluralidad de la oferta educativa, y en favor de quienes no puedan sufragar su educación, la ley fija el modo de subvencionar la educación privada en cualquiera de sus modalidades, incluyendo la comunal y la cooperativa.
El Estado promueve la creación de centros de educación donde la población los requiera.
El Estado garantiza la erradicación del analfabetismo. Asimismo, fomenta la educación bilingüe e intercultural, según las características de cada zona. Preserva las diversas manifestaciones culturales y lingüísticas del país. Promueve la integración nacional. (Art. 17)
Education
- EnglishEducation, including technical education, medical education and universities, … vocational and technical training of labour. (Seventh Schedule: List III – Concurrent List, Art. 25)
- Hindiशिक्षा, तकनीकी शिक्षा, चिकित्सा शिक्षा तथा विश्वविद्यालयों, .... श्रमिकों के व्यावसायिक तथा तकनीकी प्रशिक्षण सहित। (सातवीं अनुसूची: सूची III – समवर्ती सूची, अनुच्छेद 25)
Education
- English1. The following shall be within the joint jurisdiction of the Russian Federation and constituent entities of the Russian Federation:
…
f. general issues of upbringing, education,
… (Art. 72) - Russian1. В совместном ведении Российской Федерации и субъектов Российской Федерации находятся:
...
е) общие вопросы воспитания, образования,
... (Статья 72)
Education
- EnglishThe National and state governments shall have legislative and executive competences on any of the matters listed below:
…
2. Tertiary education and scientific research;
… (Schedule (C): Concurrent Powers)
Education
- EnglishThe state shall adopt necessary measures to foster education at all levels … (Art. 17)
- Dariدولت برای ارتقای معارف در همه سطوح ... تدابیر لازم اتخاذ می نماید. (مادۀ ۱۷)
- Pashtoدولت په بيلابيلو سطحو كې د معارف د ودې ... لپاره لازم تدبيرونه نيسي. (۱۷ ماده)
Education
- English
The State shall train competent scientific and technical experts by enhancing the regular educational system as well as different forms of studying while working, and by improving the content and methods of education, and conditions and environment for education. (Art. 46)
- Korean
국가는 학업을 전문으로 하는 교육체계와 일하면서 배우는 여러가지 형태의 교육체계를 발전시키며 교육내용과 방법, 교육조건과 환경을 부단히 개선하여 유능한 과학기술인재들을 키워낸다. (제46조)
Education
- English1 The Confederation shall issue regulations on vocational and professional education and training.
2 It shall encourage the provision of a diverse and accessible range of courses in vocational and professional education and training. (Art. 63) - French1 La Confédération légifère sur la formation professionnelle.
2 Elle encourage la diversité et la perméabilité de l’offre dans ce domaine. (Art. 63) - German1 Der Bund erlässt Vorschriften über die Berufsbildung.
2 Er fördert ein breites und durchlässiges Angebot im Bereich der Berufsbildung. (Art. 63) - Italian1 La Confederazione emana prescrizioni in materia di formazione professionale.
2 In questo settore, promuove la diversità e la permeabilità dell’offerta. (Art. 63)
Education
- EnglishAll the inhabitants of the Nation are entitled to the following rights, in accordance with the laws that regulate their exercise, namely: … to teach and to learn. (Sec. 14)
- SpanishTodos los habitantes de la Nación gozan de los siguientes derechos conforme a las leyes que reglamenten su ejercicio; a saber: ... de enseñar y aprender. (Art. 14)
Education
- English
I. Education is one of the most important functions and primary financial responsibilities of the State, which has the mandatory obligation to sustain, guarantee and coordinate it.
II. The State and society have complete control of the educational system, which consists of regular education, alternative and special education, and higher education for professional training. The educational system develops its processes on the basis of the criteria of harmony and coordination.
III. The educational system is composed of public educational institutions, private educational institutions and those which are contracted. (Art. 77) - Spanish
I. La educación constituye una función suprema y primera responsabilidad financiera del Estado, que tiene la obligación indeclinable de sostenerla, garantizarla y gestionarla.
II. El Estado y la sociedad tienen tuición plena sobre el sistema educativo, que comprende la educación regular, la alternativa y especial, y la educación superior de formación profesional. El sistema educativo desarrolla sus procesos sobre la base de criterios de armonía y coordinación.
III. El sistema educativo está compuesto por las instituciones educativas fiscales, instituciones educativas privadas y de convenio. (Art. 77)
Education
- English1. Every person has the right to receive, and every person or institution has the right to give, instruction or education subject to such formalities, conditions or restrictions as are in accordance with the relevant communal law and are necessary only in the interests of the security of the Republic or the constitutional order or the public safety or the public order or the public health or the public morals or the standard and quality of education or for the protection of the rights and liberties of others including the right of the parents to secure for their children such education as is in conformity with their religious convictions.
2. Free primary education shall be made available by the Greek and the Turkish Communal Chambers in the respective communal primary schools.
3. Primary education shall be compulsory for all citizens of such school age as may be determined by a relevant communal law.
4. Education, other than primary education, shall be made available by the Greek and the Turkish Communal Chambers, in deserving and appropriate cases, on such terms and conditions as may be determined by a relevant communal law. (Art. 20) - Greek1. Έκαστος έχει το δικαίωμα να εκπαιδεύηται και έκαστον άτομον ή ίδρυμα έχει το δικαίωμα να παρέχη εκπαίδευσιν τηρουμένων των διατυπώσεων, όρων και περιορισμών των επιβαλλομένων υπό του οικείου κοινοτικού νόμου των αναγκαίων μόνον προς το συμφέρον της ασφαλείας της Δημοκρατίας ή της συνταγματικής τάξεως ή της δημοσίας ασφαλείας ή της δημοσίας τάξεως ή της δημοσίας υγιείας ή των δημοσίων ηθών ή του βαθμού και της ποιότητος της παιδείας ή προς προστασίαν των δικαιωμάτων και ελευθεριών των άλλων, συμπεριλαμβανομένου και του δικαιώματος των γονέων, όπως διασφαλίζωσιν υπέρ των τέκνων αυτών εκπαίδευσιν συνάδουσαν προς τας θρησκευτικάς αυτών πεποιθήσεις.
2. Μερίμνη της ελληνικής και της τουρκικής Κοινοτικής Συνελεύσεως ή στοιχειώδης εκπαίδευσις θέλει καταστή δωρεάν προσιτή εν τοις αντιστοίχοις κοινοτικοίς σχολείοις της στοιχειώδους εκπαιδεύσεως.
3. Η στοιχειώδης εκπαίδευσις είναι υποχρεωτική διά πάντας τους πολίτας τους έχοντας συμπληρώσει την απαιτουμένην ηλικίαν, ως θέλει ορίσει ο οικείος κοινοτικός νόμος.
4. Μερίμνη της ελληνικής και της τουρκικής Κοινοτικής Συνελεύσεως θα καταστή προσιτή πλην της στοιχειώδους και η περαιτέρω εκπαίδευσις εις ενδεδειγμένα και άξια υποστηρίξεως πρόσωπα, εφ’ ους όρους και προϋποθέσεις θα ορίση ο οικείος κοινοτικός νόμος. (Αρθρον 20) - Turkish1. İlgili cemaat kanununa uygun ve yalnız Cumhuriyetin güvenliği veya Anayasa düzeni veya kamu güvenliği veya kamu düzeni veya kamu sağlığı veya kamu ahlakı veya eğitim seviye ve niteliği yararı için veya ana babanın çocuklarına dini inançlarına uygun bir eğitim sağlamak hakları dâhil olmak üzere, başkalarının hak ve hürriyetlerinin korunması için gerekli formalitelere, şartlara veya kısıtlamalara tabi olmak kaydı ile, her şahıs, öğretim veya eğitim görmek ve her şahıs veya müessese, öğretmek veya eğitmek hakkına sahiptir.
2. İlk eğitimi Rum ve Türk Cemaat Meclisleri kendi Cemaat İlkokullarında parasız sağlayacaklardır.
3. İlk eğitim, ilgili cemaat kanununca belirlenecek okul çağındaki bütün vatandaşlar için mecburidir.
4. İlk eğitimin dışındaki eğitim, layık ve uygun bulunan durumlarda, Rum ve Türk Cemaat Meclislerince, ilgili bir cemaat kanunu ile belirlenecek hüküm ve şartlara göre sağlanacaktır. (Madde 20)