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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
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Employment Rights and Protection
Cuba
- EnglishAll people have the right for their work to be remunerated according to its quality and quantity, which expresses the socialist principle of distribution: "from each according to their ability, to each according to their labor." (Art. 65)
- SpanishToda persona tiene derecho a que su trabajo se remunere en función de la calidad y cantidad, expresión del principio de distribución socialista “de cada cual según su capacidad, a cada cual según su trabajo”. (Art. 65)
Employment Rights and Protection
Indonesia
- English…
(2) Every citizen shall have the right to work and to earn a humane livelihood.
… (Art. 27) - Indonesian…
(2) Tiap-tiap warga negara berhak atas pekerjaan dan penghidupan yang layak bagi kemanusiaan.
… (Pasal 27)
Employment Rights and Protection
Gambia
- English…
(6) The State shall endeavour to ensure safe systems of working for persons who are employed and to provide that such persons are entitled to adequate rest, leave and leisure.
… (Sec. 216)
Employment Rights and Protection
Malta
- EnglishThe State shall promote the equal right of men and women to enjoy all economic, social, cultural, civil and political rights and for this purpose shall take appropriate measures to eliminate all forms of discrimination between the sexes by any person, organisation or enterprise; the State shall in particular aim at ensuring that women workers enjoy equal rights and the same wages for the same work as men. (Art. 14)
- MalteseL-Istat għandu jippromwovi dritt ugwali ta’ rġiel u nisa li jgawdu d-drittijiet ekonomiċi, soċjali, kulturali, ċivili u politiċi kollha u għal dan il-għan għandu jieħu dawk il-miżuri li jkunu ndikati biex jelimina kull forma ta’ diskriminazzjoni bejn is-sessi, minn kull persuna, organizzazzjoni jew azjenda; l-Istat għandu b’mod partikolari jimmira li jiżgura li l-ħaddiema nisa jgawdu drittijiet indaqs u l-istess pagi għall-istess xogħol bħal irġiel. (Art. 14)
Employment Rights and Protection
Ecuador
- EnglishThe State shall guarantee respect for the reproductive rights of all workers, including the elimination of labor risks affecting reproductive health, access to employment and job security, without limitations due to pregnancy or number of children, maternity and breast-feeding rights, and the right to paternity leave.
The dismissal of a working woman because of pregnancy and maternity, along with discrimination in connection with reproductive roles, is forbidden. (Art. 332) - SpanishEl Estado garantizará el respeto a los derechos reproductivos de las personas trabajadoras, lo que incluye la eliminación de riesgos laborales que afecten la salud reproductiva, el acceso y estabilidad en el empleo sin limitaciones por embarazo o número de hijas e hijos, derechos de maternidad, lactancia, y el derecho a licencia por paternidad.
Se prohíbe el despido de la mujer trabajadora asociado a su condición de gestación y maternidad, así como la discriminación vinculada con los roles reproductivos. (Art. 332)
Employment Rights and Protection
Korea, Democratic People’s Republic of
- EnglishWork is the noble duty and honour of a citizen.
Citizens shall willingly and conscientiously participate in work and strictly observe labour discipline and working hours. (Art. 83) - Korean로동은 공민의 신성한 의무이며 영예이다.
공민은 로동에 자각적으로 성실히 참가하며 로동규률과 로동시간을 엄격히 지켜야 한다. (제83조)
Employment Rights and Protection
Madagascar
- EnglishThe State makes an effort to overcome the needs of every citizen who, for reason of their age or their physical or mental incompetence, find themselves in an incapacity to work, notably through the intervention of institutions or organs with a social character. (Art. 30)
- FrenchL'Etat s'efforce de subvenir aux besoins de tout citoyen qui, en raison de son âge ou de son inaptitude physique ou mentale, se trouve dans l'incapacité de travailler, notamment par l’intervention d’institutions ou d'organismes à caractère social. (Art. 30)
Employment Rights and Protection
Portugal
- English1. Regardless of age, sex, race, citizenship, place of origin, religion and political and ideological convictions, every worker has the right:
a) To the remuneration of his work in accordance with its volume, nature and quality, with respect for the principle of equal pay for equal work and in such a way as to guarantee a proper living;
b) That work be organised under conditions of social dignity and in such a way as to provide personal fulfilment and to make it possible to reconcile work and family life;
c) To work in conditions that are hygienic, safe and healthy;
d) To rest and leisure time, a maximum limit on the working day, a weekly rest period and periodic paid holidays;
e) To material assistance when he involuntarily finds himself in a situation of unemployment;
f) To assistance and fair reparation when he is the victim of a work-related accident or occupational illness.
2. The state is charged with ensuring the working, remuneratory and rest-related conditions to which workers are entitled, particularly by:
a) Establishing and updating a national minimum wage which, among other factors, shall have regard to workers' needs, increases in the cost of living, the level of development of the forces of production, the demands of economic and financial stability, and the accumulation of capital for development purposes;
b) Setting national limits on working hours;
c) Especially protecting the work done by women during pregnancy and following childbirth, as well as the work done by minors, the disabled and those whose occupations are particularly strenuous or are undertaken in unhealthy, toxic or dangerous conditions;
d) In cooperation with social organisations, ensuring the systematic development of a network of rest and holiday centres;
e) Protecting emigrant workers' working conditions and guaranteeing their social benefits;
f) Protecting student workers' working conditions.
3. Salaries shall enjoy special guarantees, as laid down by law. (Art. 59) - Portuguese1. Todos os trabalhadores, sem distinção de idade, sexo, raça, cidadania, território de origem, religião, convicções políticas ou ideológicas, têm direito:
a) À retribuição do trabalho, segundo a quantidade, natureza e qualidade, observando-se o princípio de que para trabalho igual salário igual, de forma a garantir uma existência condigna;
b) A organização do trabalho em condições socialmente dignificantes, de forma a facultar a realização pessoal e a permitir a conciliação da actividade profissional com a vida familiar;
c) A prestação do trabalho em condições de higiene, segurança e saúde;
d) Ao repouso e aos lazeres, a um limite máximo da jornada de trabalho, ao descanso semanal e a férias periódicas pagas;
e) À assistência material, quando involuntariamente se encontrem em situação de desemprego;
f) A assistência e justa reparação, quando vítimas de acidente de trabalho ou de doença profissional.
2. Incumbe ao Estado assegurar as condições de trabalho, retribuição e repouso a que os trabalhadores têm direito, nomeadamente:
a) O estabelecimento e a actualização do salário mínimo nacional, tendo em conta, entre outros factores, as necessidades dos trabalhadores, o aumento do custo de vida, o nível de desenvolvimento das forças produtivas, as exigências da estabilidade económica e financeira e a acumulação para o desenvolvimento;
b) A fixação, a nível nacional, dos limites da duração do trabalho;
c) A especial protecção do trabalho das mulheres durante a gravidez e após o parto, bem como do trabalho dos menores, dos diminuídos e dos que desempenhem actividades particularmente violentas ou em condições insalubres, tóxicas ou perigosas;
d) O desenvolvimento sistemático de uma rede de centros de repouso e de férias, em cooperação com organizações sociais;
e) A protecção das condições de trabalho e a garantia dos benefícios sociais dos trabalhadores emigrantes;
f) A protecção das condições de trabalho dos trabalhadores estudantes.
3. Os salários gozam de garantias especiais, nos termos da lei. (Art. 59)
Employment Rights and Protection
Guyana
- English(1) Every citizen has the right to be rewarded according to the nature, quality and quantity of his or her work, to equal pay for equal work or work of equal value, and to just conditions of work.
… (Art. 22)
Employment Rights and Protection
Myanmar
- EnglishWomen shall be entitled to the same rights and salaries as that received by men in respect of similar work. (Sec. 350)
- Burmeseအမျိုးသမီးများသည် တူညီသောအလုပ်အတွက် အမျိုးသားများခံစားခွင့်ရှိသောအခွင့်အရေးနှင့် လစာတို့ကို ခံစားခွင့်ရှိသည်။ (ပုဒ်မ-၃၅၀)