SEARCH DATABASE
The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
Equality and Non-Discrimination
- EnglishAll Panamanians and aliens are equal before the Law, but the Law, for reasons of labor, health, morality, public security and national economy, may subject to special conditions, or may deny the exercise of specific activities to aliens in general. … (Art. 20)
- SpanishLos panameños y los extranjeros son iguales ante la Ley, pero ésta podrá, por razones de trabajo, de salubridad, moralidad, seguridad pública y economía nacional, subordinar a condiciones especiales o negar el ejercicio de determinadas actividades a los extranjeros en general. … (Art. 20)
Equality and Non-Discrimination
- EnglishThe social order shall be based in principle on a society, wherein all Suriname citizens have equal rights and obligations. (Art. 45)
- DutchDe sociale ordening rust in beginsel op een samenleving, waarin alle Surinamers dezelfde rechten en plichten hebben. (Art. 45)
Equality and Non-Discrimination
- English(1) Subject to the provisions of this section—
(a) no law shall make any provision that is discriminatory either of itself or in its effect; and
(b) no person shall be treated in a discriminatory manner by any person acting by virtue of any written law or in the performance of the functions of any public office or any public authority.
(2) In this section the expression “discriminatory” means affording different treatment to different persons attributable wholly or mainly to their respective descriptions by race, place of origin, political opinions, colour or creed, whereby persons of one such description are subjected to disabilities or restrictions to which persons of another such description are not made subject or are accorded privileges or advantages which are not afforded to persons of another such description.
(3) Subsection (1)(a) shall not apply to any law so far as that law makes provision—
…
(b) with respect to adoption, marriage, divorce, burial, devolution of property on death or other matters of personal law;
(c) whereby persons of any such description as is mentioned in subsection (2) may be subjected to any disability or restriction or may be accorded any privilege or advantage which, having regard to its nature and to special circumstances pertaining to those persons or to persons of any other such description, is reasonably justifiable;
(cc) for the transfer between Barbados and other countries, in accordance with international arrangements entered into by Barbados, of persons detained in prisons, hospitals or other institutions by virtue of orders made in the course of the exercise by courts or tribunals of their criminal jurisdiction;
(d) for authorising the taking during a period of public emergency of measures that are reasonably justifiable for the purpose of dealing with the situation that exists during that period of public emergency;
…
(4) Nothing contained in any law shall be held to be inconsistent with or in contravention of subsection (1)(a) to the extent that it makes provision with respect to standards or qualifications (not being standards or qualifications specifically relating to race, place of origin, political opinion, colour or creed) to be required of any person who is appointed to any office in the public service, any office in a disciplined force, or any office in the service of a local government authority or of a body corporate established by any law for public purposes.
(5) Subsection (1)(b) shall not apply to anything which is expressly or by necessary implication authorised to be done by any such provision of law as is referred to in subsection (3) or (4).
(6) Nothing contained in or done under the authority of any law shall be held to be inconsistent with or in contravention of this section to the extent that the law in question makes provision whereby persons of any such description as is mentioned in subsection (2) may be subjected to any restriction on the rights and freedoms guaranteed by sections 17, 19, 20, 21 and 22, being such a restriction as is authorised by subsection (2) of section 17, subsection (6) of section 19, subsection (2) of section 20, subsection (2) of section 21 or subsection (3) of section 22, as the case may be.
(7) Subsection (1)(b) shall not affect any discretion relation to the institution, conduct or discontinuance of civil or criminal proceedings in any court that is vested in any person by this Constitution or any other law. (Sec. 23)
Equality and Non-Discrimination
- EnglishThe Constitution assures to all persons:
…
2. Equality before the law. In Chile there is no privileged person or group. In Chile there are no slaves, and [any] one that sets foot on its territory becomes free. Men and women are equal before the law.
Neither the law nor any authority can establish arbitrary differences;
3. Equal protection of the law in the exercise of their rights.
… (Art. 19) - SpanishLa Constitución asegura a todas las personas:
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2º.- La igualdad ante la ley. En Chile no hay persona ni grupo privilegiados. En Chile no hay esclavos y el que pise su territorio queda libre. Hombres y mujeres son iguales ante la ley.
Ni la ley ni autoridad alguna podrán establecer diferencias arbitrarias;
3º.- La igual protección de la ley en el ejercicio de sus derechos.
… (Art. 19)
Equality and Non-Discrimination
- EnglishThe following rights of persons are recognized and guaranteed:
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4. The right to formal equality, material equality and nondiscrimination.
… (Art. 66) - SpanishSe reconoce y garantizará a las personas:
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4. Derecho a la igualdad formal, igualdad material y no discriminación.
… (Art. 66)
Equality and Non-Discrimination
- EnglishAll men are born free and equal before the law. There are no privileged classes in Honduras. All Honduras are equal before the law.
All forms of discrimination on account of sex, race, class, or any other reason prejudicial to human dignity shall be punishable.
The law shall establish the crimes and penalties for violators of this provision. (Art. 60) - SpanishTodos los hombres nacen libres e iguales en derechos.
En Honduras no hay clases privilegiadas. Todos los hondureños son iguales ante la Ley.
Se declara punible toda discriminación por motivo de sexo, raza, clase y cualquier otra lesiva a la dignidad humana.
La Ley establecerá los delitos y sanciones para el infractor de este precepto. (Art. 60)
Equality and Non-Discrimination
- English
Every person has the right:
…
2. To equality before the law. No one may be discriminated against for motives of origin, race, sex, language, religion, opinion, economic situation or any other nature [índole].
… (Art. 2) - Spanish
Toda persona tiene derecho:
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2. A la igualdad ante la ley. Nadie debe ser discriminado por motivo de origen, raza, sexo, idioma, religión, opinión, condición económica o de cualquiera otra índole.
… (Art. 2)
Equality and Non-Discrimination
- EnglishThe establishment of primogenital entailments is prohibited.
No authority of the Republic may grant any title of nobility or hereditary honors or distinctions. (Art. 9) - SpanishSe prohíbe la fundación de mayorazgos.
Ninguna autoridad de la República podrá conceder título alguno de nobleza, ni honores o distinciones hereditarias. (Art. 9)
Equality and Non-Discrimination
- English…
A State based on respect and equality for all, on principles of sovereignty, dignity, interdependence, solidarity, harmony, and equity in the distribution and redistribution of the social wealth, … (Preamble) - Spanish…
Un Estado basado en el respeto e igualdad entre todos, con principios de soberanía, dignidad, complementariedad, solidaridad, armonía y equidad en la distribución y redistribución del producto social, … (Preámbulo)
Equality and Non-Discrimination
- EnglishAll persons are equal before the law and no discrimination whatever contrary to human dignity may be practiced. (Art. 33)
- SpanishToda persona es igual ante la ley y no podrá practicarse discriminación alguna contraria a la dignidad humana. (Art. 33)