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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
Equality and Non-Discrimination
- English1. Women have the right to full and equal protection by the law, and have the right not to be discriminated against on the basis of their gender or marital status which includes the right—
a. to be accorded the same rights as men in civil law, including equal capacity—
i. to enter into contracts;
ii. to acquire and maintain rights in property, independently or in association with others, regardless of their marital status;
iii. to acquire and retain custody, guardianship and care of children and to have an equal right in the making of decisions that affect their upbringing; and
iv. to acquire and retain citizenship and nationality.
b. on the dissolution of marriage, howsoever entered into—
i. to a fair disposition of property that is held jointly with a husband; and
ii. to fair maintenance, taking into consideration all the circumstances and, in particular, the means of the former husband and the needs of any children.
2. Any law that discriminates against women on the basis of gender or marital status shall be invalid and legislation shall be passed to eliminate customs and practices that discriminate against women, particularly practices such as—
a. sexual abuse, harassment and violence;
b. discrimination in work, business and public affairs; and
c. deprivation of property, including property obtained by inheritance. (Sec. 24)
Equality and Non-Discrimination
- EnglishIn Guatemala[,] all [of the] human beings are free and equal in dignity and rights. The man and the woman, whatever their civil status may be, have equal opportunities and responsibilities. … (Art. 4)
- SpanishEn Guatemala todos los seres humanos son libres e iguales en dignidad y derechos. El hombre y la mujer, cualquiera que sea su estado civil, tienen iguales oportunidades y responsabilidades. … (Art. 4)
Equality and Non-Discrimination
- English...
2. The Kyrgyz Republic shall respect and ensure human rights and freedoms to all persons on its territory and under its jurisdiction.
No one may be subject to discrimination on the basis of sex, race, language, disability, ethnicity, belief, age, political and other convictions, education, background, proprietary and other status as well as other circumstances.
Special measures defined by law and aimed at ensuring equal opportunities for various social groups in accordance with international commitments shall not be considered as discrimination.
3. In the Kyrgyz Republic everyone shall be equal before the law and the courts.
4. In the Kyrgyz Republic men and women shall have equal rights and freedoms and equal opportunities for their realization.
… (Art. 16) - Russian...
2. Кыргызская Республика уважает и обеспечивает всем лицам, находящимся в пределах ее территории и под ее юрисдикцией, права и свободы человека.
Никто не может подвергаться дискриминации по признаку пола, расы, языка, инвалидности, этнической принадлежности, вероисповедания, возраста, политических или иных убеждений, образования, происхождения, имущественного или иного положения, а также других обстоятельств.
Не являются дискриминацией специальные меры, установленные законом и направленные на обеспечение равных возможностей для различных социальных групп в соответствии с международными обязательствами.
3. В Кыргызской Республике все равны перед законом и судом.
4. В Кыргызской Республике мужчины и женщины имеют равные права и свободы, равные возможности для их реализации.
... (Статья 16) - Kyrgyz...
2. Кыргыз Республикасы өз аймагынын чегинде, өзүнүн юрисдикциясында турган бардык адамдардын укуктары менен эркиндиктерин урматтайт жана камсыз кылат.
Эч ким жынысы, расасы, тили, майыптуулугу, этноско таандыктыгы, туткан дини, курагы, саясий же башка ынанымдары, билими, теги, мүлктүк же башка абалы, ошондой эле башка жагдайлары боюнча кодулоого алынышы мүмкүн эмес.
Эл аралык милдеттенмелерге ылайык ар кайсы социалдык топтор үчүн бирдей мүмкүнчүлүктөрдү камсыз кылууга багытталып, мыйзамда белгиленген атайын чаралар кодулоо деп эсептелбейт.
3. Кыргыз Республикасында мыйзам жана сот алдында бардыгы бирдей.
4. Кыргыз Республикасында эркектер менен аялдар бирдей укуктарга жана эркиндиктерге, аларды ишке ашыруу үчүн бирдей мүмкүнчүлүктөргө ээ.
… (16-берене)
Equality and Non-Discrimination
- EnglishThe State shall guarantee the equality of women and men and develop equal opportunities policy. (Art. 15)
- Serbian CyrillicДржава јемчи равноправност жена и мушкараца и развија политику једнаких могућности. (Члан 15)
Equality and Non-Discrimination
- EnglishWhereas recognition of the inherent dignity and of the equal and inalienable rights of all members of the human family is indispensable for freedom, justice and peace;
Whereas the said rights include the right of the individual to life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness, regardless of race, colour, ethnic origin, sex, religion, creed or social or economic status;
…
Whereas we the people of Namibia -
…
committed to these principles, have resolved to constitute the Republic of Namibia as a sovereign, secular, democratic and unitary State securing to all our citizens justice, liberty, equality and fraternity,
… (Preamble)
Equality and Non-Discrimination
- English
All persons are equal before the law and have right to equal protection. There will be no discrimination for reasons of birth, nationality, political belief, race, sex, language, religion, opinion, origin, economic position or social condition.
... (Art. 27) - Spanish
Todas las personas son iguales ante la ley y tienen derecho a igual protección. No habrá discriminación por motivos de nacimiento, nacionalidad, credo político, raza, sexo, idioma, religión, opinión, origen, posición económica o condición social.
... (Art. 27)
Equality and Non-Discrimination
- English
The Union’s consistent objectives are :
…
(e) enhancing the eternal principles of Justice, Liberty and Equality in the Union and;
… (Sec. 6) - Burmese
နိုင်ငံတော်သည် -
...
(င) နိုင်ငံတော်၌ တရားမျှတခြင်း၊ လွတ်လပ်ခြင်းနှင့် ညီမျှခြင်းတည်းဟူသော လောကပါလတရားများ ပိုမိုထွန်းကားရေးနှင့်
... (ပုဒ်မ-၆)
Equality and Non-Discrimination
- English…
3 It [the Swiss Confederation] shall ensure the greatest possible equality of opportunity among its citizens.
… (Art. 2) - French…
3 Elle [la Confédération helvétique] veille à garantir une égalité des chances aussi grande que possible.
… (Art. 2) - German…
3 Sie (Schweizerische Eidgenossenschaft) sorgt für eine möglichst grosse Chancengleichheit unter den Bürgerinnen und Bürgern.
… (Art. 2) - Italian…
3 [La Confederazione Svizzera]Provvede ad assicurare quanto possibile pari opportunità ai cittadini.
… (Art. 2)
Equality and Non-Discrimination
- English
…
(2) Propagation of ethnic, regional, racial discrimination or any other form of division is punished by law. (Art. 37) - Kinyarwanda
…
(2) Kwamamaza ivangura rishingiye ku isanomuzi, ku karere, ku bwoko cyangwa ku macakubiri ayo ari yo yose bihanwa n’amategeko. (Ingingo ya 37) - French
…
(2) Toute propagande à caractère ethnique, régionaliste, raciste ou basée sur toute autre forme de division est punie par la loi. (Art. 37)
Equality and Non-Discrimination
- English(1) Subject to the provisions of subsections (4),(5) and (7) of this section, no law shall make any provision that is discriminatory either of itself or in its effect.
(2) Subject to the provisions of subsections (6),(7) and (8) of this section, no persons shall be treated in a discriminatory manner by any persons acting by virtue of any written law or in the performance of the functions of any public office or any public authority.
(3) In this section, the expression “discriminatory” means affording different treatment to different persons attributable wholly or mainly to their respective descriptions by sex, race, place of origin, political opinions, color or creed whereby persons of one such description are subjected to disabilities or restrictions to which persons of another such descriptions are not made subject or are recorded privileges of advantages which are not accorded to persons of another such description.
(4) Subsection (1) of this section shall not apply to any law do far as that law makes provision-
…
c. for the application, in the case of persons of any such description as is mentioned in subsection (3) of this section (or of persons connected with such persons), of the law with respect to adoption, marriage, divorce, burial, devolution of property on death or other like matters that is the personal law of persons of that description;
d. whereby persons of any such description as is mentioned in subsection (3) of this section may be subjected to any disability or restriction or may be accorded any privilege or advantage that, having regard to its nature and to special circumstances pertaining to those persons or to persons of any other such description, is reasonably justifiable in a democratic society.
(5) Nothing contained in any law shall be held to be inconsistent with or in contravention of subsection (1) of this section to the extent that it makes provision with respect to standards or qualifications (not being standards or qualifications specifically relating to sex, race, place or origin, political opinions, color or creed) to be required of any person who is appointed to or to act in any office or employment.
(6) Subsection (2) of this section shall not apply to anything which is expressly or by necessary implication authorized to be done by any such provision of law as is referred to in subsection (4) or subsection (5) of this section.
(7) Nothing contained in or done under the authority of any law shall be held to be inconsistent with or in contravention of this section to the extent that the law in question makes provision whereby persons of any such description as is mentioned in subsection (3) of this section may be subjected to any restriction on the rights and freedoms guaranteed by sections 7,9,10,11 add 12 if this Constitution, being such a restriction as is authorized by section 7(2), section 9(5)m section 10(2)m section 11(2) or paragraph (a), (b) or (h) of section 12(3), as the case may be.
(8) Nothing in subsection (2) of this section shall affect any discretion relating to the institution, conduct or discontinuance of civil or criminal proceedings in any court that is vested in any person by or under this Constitution or any other law. (Sec. 13)