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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
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Equality and Non-Discrimination
Gambia
- English(1) All persons shall be equal before the law.
(2) Subject to the provisions of subsection (5), no law shall make any provision which is discriminatory either of itself or in its effect.
(3) Subject to the provisions of subsection (5), no person shall be treated in a discriminatory manner by any person acting by virtue of any law or in the performance of the functions of any public office or any public authority.
(4) In this section, the expression "discrimination" means affording different treatment to different persons attributable wholly or mainly to their respective descriptions by race, colour, gender, language, religion, political or other opinion, national or social origin, property, birth or other status whereby persons of one such description are subjected to disabilities or restrictions to which persons of another such description are not made subject, or are accorded privileges or advantages which are not accorded to persons of another such description.
(5) Subsection (2) shall not apply to any law in so far as that law makes provision—
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(b) with respect to the qualifications prescribed by this Constitution for any office;
(c) with respect to adoption, marriage, divorce, burial, devolution of property on death or other matters of personal law;
(d) for the application in the case of members of a particular race or tribe of customary law with respect to any matter in the case of persons who, under that law, are subject to that law.
(6) Subsection (3) shall not apply to anything which is expressly or by necessary implication authorised to be done by any such provision of law as is referred to in subsection (5).
(7) The exercise of any discretion relating to the institution, conduct or discontinuance of civil or criminal proceedings in any court that is vested in any person by the Constitution or any other law shall not be enquired into by any court on the grounds that it contravenes the provisions of subsection (3). (Sec. 33)
Equality and Non-Discrimination
Chad
- EnglishThe State assures to all equality before the law without distinction of origin, of race, of sex, of religion, of political opinion or of social position.
It has the duty to see to the elimination of all the forms of discrimination with regard to women and to assure the protection of their rights in all the domains of private and public life. (Art. 14) - Arabicتكفل الدولة المساواة أمام القانون للجميع دون التمييز في الأصل، العنصر، الجنس، الدين، الرأي السياسي أو المركز الاجتماعي. ويترتب على
الدولة الحرص على القضاء على جميع أنواع التمييز ضد المرأة وحماية حقوقها في كافة مجالات الحياة الخاصة والعامة. (المادة 14) - FrenchL'Etat assure à tous l'égalité devant la loi sans distinction d'origine, de race, de sexe, de religion, d'opinion politique ou de position sociale.
Il a le devoir de veiller à l'élimination de toutes les formes de discrimination à l'égard de la femme et d'assurer la protection de ses droits dans tous les domaines de la vie privée et publique. (Art. 14)
Equality and Non-Discrimination
Canada
- EnglishNotwithstanding anything in this Charter3, the rights and freedoms referred to in it are guaranteed equally to male and female persons. (Constitution Act 1982, Sec. 28)
- FrenchIndépendamment des autres dispositions de la présente charte, les droits et libertés qui y sont mentionnés sont garantis également aux personnes des deux sexes. (Loi constitutionnelle de 1982, Sec. 28)
Equality and Non-Discrimination
Latvia
- English…
Loyalty to Latvia, the Latvian language as the only official language, freedom, equality, solidarity, justice, honesty, work ethic and family are the foundations of a cohesive society.
… (Preamble) - Latvian...
Uzticība Latvijai, latviešu valoda kā vienīgā valsts valoda, brīvība, vienlīdzība, solidaritāte, taisnīgums, godīgums, darba tikums un ģimene ir saliedētas sabiedrības pamats.
… (Preambula)
Equality and Non-Discrimination
Lesotho
- English1. Subject to the provisions of subsections (4) and (5) no law shall make any provision that is discriminatory either of itself or in its effect.
2. Subject to the provisions of subsection (6), no person shall be treated in a discriminatory manner by any person acting by virtue of any written law or in the performance of the functions of any public office or any public authority.
3. In this section, the expression “discriminatory” means affording different treatment to different persons attributable wholly or mainly to their respective descriptions by race, colour, sex, language, religion, political or other opinion, national or social origin, property, birth or other status whereby persons of one such description are subjected to disabilities or restrictions to which persons of another such description are not made subject or are accorded privileges or advantages which are not accorded to persons of another such description.
4. Subsection (1) shall not apply to any law to the extent that that law makes provision—
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b. for the application, in the case of persons of any such description as is mentioned in subsection (3) (or of persons connected with such persons), of the law with respect to adoption, marriage, divorce, burial, devolution of property on death or other like matters which is the personal law of persons of that description; or
c. for the application of the customary law of Lesotho with respect to any matter in the case of persons who, under that law, are subject to that law; or
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e. whereby persons of any such description as is mentioned in subsection (3) may be made subject to any disability or restriction or may be accorded any privilege or advantage which, having regard to its nature and to special circumstances pertaining to those persons or to persons of any other such description, is reasonably justifiable in a democratic society.
Nothing in this subsection shall prevent the making of laws in pursuance of the principle of State Policy of promoting a society based on equality and justice for all the citizens of Lesotho and thereby removing any discriminatory law.
5. Nothing contained in any law shall be held to be inconsistent with or in contravention of subsection (1) to the extent that it makes provision with respect to standards of qualifications (not being standards of qualifications specifically relating to race, colour, sex, language, religion, political or other opinion, national or social origin, property, birth or other status) to be required of any person who is appointed to any office in the public service, any office in a disciplined force, any office in the service of a local government authority or any office in a body corporate established by law for public purposes.
6. Subsection (2) shall not apply to anything which is expressly or by necessary implication authorised to be done by any such provision of law as is referred to in subsection (4) or (5).
7. No person shall be treated in a discriminatory manner in respect of access to shops, hotels, lodging houses, public restaurants, eating houses, beer halls or places of public entertainment or in respect of access to places of public resort maintained wholly or partly out of public funds or dedicated to the use of the general public.
8. The provisions of this section shall be without prejudice to the generality of section 19 of this Constitution. (Sec. 18)
Equality and Non-Discrimination
Dominican Republic
- EnglishWe, representative of the Dominican people, freely and democratically elected, assembled in the National Revisory Assembly, … propelled by the selfless work of our men and women, ruled by the supreme values and the fundamental principles of human dignity, liberty, equality, the rule of law, justice, solidarity, and fraternal coexistence, social well-being, ecological equilibrium, progress and peace, essential factors for social cohesion, we declare our desire to promote the unity of the Dominican Nation, for which in an exercise of our free determination we adopt and proclaim the following (Preamble)
- SpanishNosotros, representantes del pueblo dominicano, libre y democráticamente elegidos, reunidos en Asamblea Nacional Revisora; … estimulados por el trabajo abnegado de nuestros hombres y mujeres; regidos por los valores supremos y los principios fundamentales de la dignidad humana, la libertad, la igualdad, el imperio de la ley, la justicia, la solidaridad, la convivencia fraterna, el bienestar social, el equilibrio ecológico, el progreso y la paz, factores esenciales para la cohesión social; declaramos nuestra voluntad de promover la unidad de la Nación dominicana, por lo que en ejercicio de nuestra libre determinación adoptamos y proclamamos la siguiente (Preámbulo)
Equality and Non-Discrimination
Iraq
- EnglishIraqis are equal before the law without discrimination based on gender, race, ethnicity, nationality, origin, color, religion, sect, belief or opinion, or economic or social status. (Art. 14)
- Arabicالعراقيون متساوون أمام القانون دون تمييزٍ بسبب الجنس أو العرق أو القومية أو الأصل أو اللون أو الدين أو المذهب أو المعتقد أو الوضع الاقتصادي أو الاجتماعي. (المادة 14)
Equality and Non-Discrimination
North Macedonia
- EnglishCitizens of the Republic of North Macedonia are equal in their freedoms and rights, regardless of sex, race, colour of skin, national and social origin, political and religious beliefs, property and social status. All citizens are equal before the Constitution and law. (Art. 9)
- MacedonianГраѓаните на Република Северна Македонија се еднакви во слободите и правата независно од полот, расата, бојата на кожата, националното и социјалното потекло, политичкото и верското уверување; имотната и општествената положба. Граѓаните пред Уставот и законите се еднакви. (Член 9)
Equality and Non-Discrimination
Malawi
- English…
2. The State shall take all necessary measures for the realization of the right to development. Such measures shall include, amongst other things, equality of opportunity for all … (Sec. 30)
Equality and Non-Discrimination
Guyana
- EnglishWE, THE GUYANESE PEOPLE,
… proclaim this Constitution in order to:
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Celebrate our cultural and racial diversity and strengthen our unity by eliminating any and every form of discrimination;
… (Preamble)