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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
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Obligations of Private Parties
France
- EnglishLiberty consists in being able to do anything that does not harm others: thus, the exercise of the natural rights of every man has no bounds other than those that ensure to the other members of society the enjoyment of these same rights. These bounds may be determined only by Law. (1789 Declaration, Art. 4)
- FrenchLa liberté consiste à pouvoir faire tout ce qui ne nuit pas à autrui : ainsi, l'exercice des droits naturels de chaque homme n'a de bornes que celles qui assurent aux autres Membres de la Société la jouissance de ces mêmes droits. Ces bornes ne peuvent être déterminées que par la Loi. (Déclaration 1789, Art. 4)
Obligations of Private Parties
Switzerland
- English…
3 The authorities shall ensure that fundamental rights, where appropriate, apply to relationships among private persons. (Art. 35) - French…
3 Les autorités veillent à ce que les droits fondamentaux, dans la mesure où ils s’y prêtent, soient aussi réalisés dans les relations qui lient les particuliers entre eux. (Art. 35) - German…
3 Die Behörden sorgen dafür, dass die Grundrechte, soweit sie sich dazu eignen, auch unter Privaten wirksam werden. (Art. 35) - Italian…
3 Le autorità provvedono affinché i diritti fondamentali, per quanto vi si prestino, siano realizzati anche nelle relazioni tra private. (Art. 35)
Obligations of Private Parties
Lithuania
- EnglishWhile implementing his rights and exercising his freedoms, everyone must observe the Constitution and laws of the Republic of Lithuania and must not restrict the rights and freedoms of other people. (Art. 28)
- LithuanianĮgyvendindamas savo teises ir naudodamasis savo laisvėmis, žmogus privalo laikytis Lietuvos Respublikos Konstitucijos ir įstatymų, nevaržyti kitų žmonių teisių ir laisvių. (28 straipsnis)
Obligations of Private Parties
Belarus
- English
Everyone shall respect the dignity, rights, freedoms and lawful interests of others. (Art. 53)
- Belarusian
Кожны абавязаны паважаць годнасць, правы, свабоды, законныя інтарэсы іншых асоб. (Артыкул 53)
- Russian
Каждый обязан уважать достоинство, права, свободы, законные интересы других лиц. (Статья 53)
Obligations of Private Parties
Portugal
- English1. The constitutional precepts with regard to rights, freedoms and guarantees are directly applicable and are binding on public and private entities.
… (Art. 18) - Portuguese1. Os preceitos constitucionais respeitantes aos direitos, liberdades e garantias são directamente aplicáveis e vinculam as entidades públicas e privadas.
... (Art. 18)
Obligations of Private Parties
Estonia
- English…
When exercising his or her rights and freedoms and fulfilling his or her duties, everyone must respect and observe the rights and freedoms of others, and obey the law. (Sec. 19) - Estonian…
Igaüks peab oma õiguste ja vabaduste kasutamisel ning kohustuste täitmisel austama ja arvestama teiste inimeste õigusi ja vabadusi ning järgima seadust. (§ 19)
Obligations of Private Parties
Spain
- English(1) The dignity of the person, the inviolable rights which are inherent, the free development of the personality, the respect for the law and for the rights of others are the foundation of political order and social peace.
… (Sec. 10) - Spanish1. La dignidad de la persona, los derechos inviolables que le son inherentes, el libre desarrollo de la personalidad, el respeto a la ley y a los derechos de los demás son fundamento del orden político y de la paz social.
… (Art. 10)
Obligations of Private Parties
Latvia
- English…
Each individual takes care of oneself, one's relatives and the common good of society by acting responsibly toward other people, future generations, the environment and nature.
… (Preamble) - Latvian…
Ikviens rūpējas par sevi, saviem tuviniekiem un sabiedrības kopējo labumu, izturoties atbildīgi pret citiem, nākamajām paaudzēm, vidi un dabu.
… (Preambula)
Obligations of Private Parties
Poland
- English…
2. Everyone shall respect the freedoms and rights of others.
… (Art. 31) - Polish…
2. Każdy jest obowiązany szanować wolności i prawa innych.
... (Art. 31)
Obligations of Private Parties
Estonia
- English…
The rights, freedoms and duties set out in the Constitution extend to legal persons in so far as this is in accordance with the purpose of legal personality and with the nature of such rights, freedoms and duties. (Sec. 9) - Estonian…
Põhiseaduses loetletud õigused, vabadused ja kohustused laienevad juriidilistele isikutele niivõrd, kui see on kooskõlas juriidiliste isikute üldiste eesmärkide ja selliste õiguste, vabaduste ja kohustuste olemusega. (§ 9)