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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
Judicial Protection
- EnglishThe Constitutional Court shall decide on the following:
…
3) Constitutional appeal due to the violation of human rights and liberties granted by the Constitution, after all other efficient legal remedies have been exhausted;
… (Art. 149) - MontenegrinUstavni sud odlučuje:
…
3) o ustavnoj žalbi zbog povrede ljudskih prava i sloboda zajamčenih Ustavom, nakon iscrpljivanja svih djelotvornih pravnih sredstava;
… (Član 149)
Judicial Protection
- English…
(6) The judicial powers vested in accordance with the foregoing provisions of this section –
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(b) shall extend, to all matters between persons, or between government or authority and to any persons in Nigeria, and to all actions and proceedings relating thereto, for the determination of any question as to the civil rights and obligations of that person;
… (Sec. 6)
Judicial Protection
- EnglishHe who by cause of arbitrary or illegal acts or omissions suffers privation, disturbance [peturbación] or threat in the legitimate exercise of the rights and guarantees established in Article 19, Numerals 1, 2, 3 fifth paragraph, 4, 5, 6, 9 final paragraph, 11, 12, 13, 15, 16 concerning the freedom to work and to the right of freedom of choice and freedom to contract, and to what is established in the fourth paragraph, [and Numerals] 19, 21, 22, 23, 24 and 25, can on his own, or anyone on his behalf, resort to the respective Court of Appeals, which will immediately adopt the measures [providencias] that it judges necessary to reestablish the rule of law and assure due protection to the affected [person], without prejudice to the other rights which he might assert before the authority or the corresponding tribunals.
The recourse of protection [recurso de protección] in the case of Numeral 8 of Article 19, when the right to live in an environment free from contamination has been affected by an illegal act or omission imputable to an authority or a specific person, can also proceed. (Art. 20) - SpanishEl que por causa de actos u omisiones arbitrarios o ilegales sufra privación, perturbación o amenaza en el legítimo ejercicio de los derechos y garantías establecidos en el artículo 19, números 1º, 2º, 3º inciso quinto, 4º, 5º, 6º, 9º inciso final, 11º,12º, 13º, 15º, 16º en lo relativo a la libertad de trabajo y al derecho a su libre elección y libre contratación, y a lo establecido en el inciso cuarto, 19º, 21º, 22º, 23º, 24°, y 25º podrá ocurrir por sí o por cualquiera a su nombre, a la Corte de Apelaciones respectiva, la que adoptará de inmediato las providencias que juzgue necesarias para restablecer el imperio del derecho y asegurar la debida protección del afectado, sin perjuicio de los demás derechos que pueda hacer valer ante la autoridad o los tribunales correspondientes.
Procederá, también, el recurso de protección en el caso del Nº8º del artículo 19, cuando el derecho a vivir en un medio ambiente libre de contaminación sea afectado por un acto u omisión ilegal imputable a una autoridad o persona determinada. (Art. 20)
Judicial Protection
- English
(1) Every person may claim his or her right by procedures established by law at an independent and impartial court of law or other public authority of the Slovak Republic in cases specified by law.
(2) Any person who claims to have been denied his or her rights through a decision made by a public authority may turn to a court of law to have the legality of the decision reviewed, unless otherwise provided by law. The review of decisions in matters of fundamental rights and freedoms shall not be excluded from the jurisdiction of courts of law.
(3) Every person shall have the right to recover damages for a loss caused by an unlawful decision of the court, a governmental or public authority or by improper official procedure.
(4) Details and terms of the judicial and other legal protection shall be regulated by law. (Art. 46) - Slovak
(1) Kaţdý sa môţe domáhať zákonom ustanoveným postupom svojho práva na nezávislom a nestrannom súde a v prípadoch ustanovených zákonom na inom orgáne Slovenskej republiky.
(2) Kto tvrdí, ţe bol na svojich právach ukrátený rozhodnutím orgánu verejnej správy, môţe sa obrátiť na súd, aby preskúmal zákonnosť takéhoto rozhodnutia, ak zákon neustanoví inak. Z právomoci súdu však nesmie byť vylúčené preskúmanie rozhodnutí týkajúcich sa základných práv a slobôd.
(3) Kaţdý má právo na náhradu škody spôsobenej nezákonným rozhodnutím súdu, iného štátneho orgánu či orgánu verejnej správy alebo nesprávnym úradným postupom.
(4) Podmienky a podrobnosti o súdnej a inej právnej ochrane ustanoví zákon. (Čl. 46)
Judicial Protection
- English…
4. This Bill of Rights shall be upheld by the Supreme Court and other competent courts and monitored by the Human Rights Commission. (Art. 9)
Judicial Protection
- EnglishProtection proceedings shall be aimed at ensuring the direct and efficient safeguard of the rights enshrined in the Constitution and can be filed whenever there is a breach of constitutional rights as a result of deeds or omissions by any non-judiciary public authority against public policies when they involve removing the enjoyment or exercise of constitutional rights; and when the violation proceeds from a particular person, if the violation of the right causes severe damage, if it provides improper public services, if it acts by delegation or concession, or if the affected person is in a status of subordination, defenselessness or discrimination. (Art. 88)
- SpanishLa acción de protección tendrá por objeto el amparo directo y eficaz de los derechos reconocidos en la Constitución, y podrá interponerse cuando exista una vulneración de derechos constitucionales, por actos u omisiones de cualquier autoridad pública no judicial; contra políticas públicas cuando supongan la privación del goce o ejercicio de los derechos constitucionales; y cuando la violación proceda de una persona particular, si la violación del derecho provoca daño grave, si presta servicios públicos impropios, si actúa por delegación o concesión, o si la persona afectada se encuentra en estado de subordinación, indefensión o discriminación. (Art. 88)
Judicial Protection
- English
(1) A court or tribunal determining a question which has arisen in connection with a Convention right3 must take into account any—
(a) judgment, decision, declaration or advisory opinion of the European Court of Human Rights,
(b) opinion of the Commission given in a report adopted under Article 31 of the Convention,
(c) decision of the Commission in connection with Article 26 or 27(2) of the Convention, or
(d) decision of the Committee of Ministers taken under Article 46 of the Convention,
whenever made or given, so far as, in the opinion of the court or tribunal, it is relevant to the proceedings in which that question has arisen.
… (Human Rights Act 1998, Sec. 2)
Judicial Protection
- English(1) Any of the following persons, namely—
(a) any person acting in their own interests;
(b) any person acting on behalf of another person who cannot act for themselves;
(c) any person acting as a member, or in the interests, of a group or class of persons;
(d) any person acting in the public interest;
(e) any association acting in the interests of its members;
is entitled to approach a court, alleging that a fundamental right or freedom enshrined in this Chapter has been, is being or is likely to be infringed, and the court may grant appropriate relief, including a declaration of rights and an award of compensation.
… (Sec. 85)
Judicial Protection
- English(1) Subject to the provisions of paragraph (6), if any person, including a person acting on behalf of another who is not acting in his or her own name, or a person acting on behalf of a group or an association acting on behalf of its members, alleges that any of the provisions of articles 138 to 151 (inclusive)5 has been, is being, or is likely to be contravened in relation to him or her (or in the case of a person who is detained, if any other person alleges such a contravention in relation to the detained person) then, without prejudice to any other action with respect to the same matter which is lawfully available, that person or association (or that other person) may apply to the High Court for redress.
(2) The High Court shall have original jurisdiction -
(a) to hear and determine any application made by any person in pursuance of the preceding paragraph;
(b) to determine any question arising in the case of any person which is referred to it in pursuance of the next following paragraph,
and may make such orders, issue such writs and give such directions as it may consider appropriate for the purpose of enforcing or securing the enforcement of any of the provisions of article 138 to 151 (inclusive).
(3) If in any proceedings in any court subordinate to the High Court any question arises as to the contravention of any of the provisions of articles 138 to 151 (inclusive), the person presiding in that court shall refer the question to the High Court unless, in his opinion, the raising of the question is merely frivolous or vexatious.
(4) Where any question is referred to the High Court in pursuance of paragraph (3), the High Court shall give its decision upon the question and the court in which the question arose shall dispose of the case in accordance with that decision or if that decision is the subject of an appeal under this Constitution to the Court of Appeal, in accordance with the decision of the Court of Appeal.
(5) Parliament may confer upon the High Court such powers in addition to those conferred by this article as may appear to Parliament to be necessary or desirable for the purpose of enabling the High Court more effectively to exercise the jurisdiction conferred upon it by this article.
(6) Parliament may make provision with respect to the practice and procedure -
(a) of the High Court in relation to the jurisdiction and powers conferred upon it by or under this article;
(b) of the High Court and the Court of Appeal in relation to appeals to the Court of Appeal from decisions of the High Court in the exercise of such jurisdiction;
(c) of subordinate courts in relation to references to the High Court under paragraph (3),
including provision with respect to the time within which any application, reference or appeal shall or may be made or brought; and, subject to any provision so made, provision may be made with respect to the matters aforesaid by rules of court. (Art. 153)
Judicial Protection
- EnglishThe Tribunal constituted by section 45 of the Human Rights Commission Act 1977 and, immediately before 1 January 2002 (being the date of the commencement of the Human Rights Amendment Act 2001), known as the Complaints Review Tribunal shall continue in being, and, on and after 1 January 2002, is called the Human Rights Review Tribunal. (Human Rights Act 1993, Sec. 93)