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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
Judicial Protection
- EnglishThe Supreme Court of Justice, will be organized in chambers, one of which is the Constitutional [Chamber], …
The Constitutional Chamber has the following attributions:
1) To take cognizance[,] in conformity with this Constitution and the law, of the recourses of Habeas Corpus or Personal Exhibition [Exhibición Personal], Habeas Data, Amparo, Unconstitutionality and Revision,
… (Art. 316) - SpanishLa Corte Suprema de Justicia, está organizada en salas, una de las cuales es la de lo Constitucional, …
La Sala de lo Constitucional tiene las atribuciones siguientes:
1. Conocer, de conformidad con esta Constitución y la Ley, de los recursos de Habeas Corpus o Exhibición Personal, Habeas Data, Amparo, Inconstitucionalidad y Revisión;
… (Art. 316)
Judicial Protection
- English
[The following] are attributions of the Supreme Court of Justice:
...
3) To take cognizance of and to resolve the recourses of amparo for violation of rights established in the Constitution, in accordance with the Law of Constitutional Justice.
... (Art. 164) - Spanish
Son atribuciones de la Corte Suprema de Justicia:
...
3) Conocer y resolver los recursos de amparo por violación de los derechos establecidos en la Constitución, de acuerdo a la Ley de Justicia Constitucional.
... (Art. 164)
Judicial Protection
- EnglishAny act on the part of the Public Power that violates or encroaches upon the rights guaranteed by this Constitution and by law is null and void, and the public employees ordering or implementing the same shall incur criminal, civil and administrative liability, as applicable in each case, with no defense on grounds of having followed the orders of a superior. (Art. 25)
- SpanishTodo acto dictado en ejercicio del Poder Público que viole o menoscabe los derechos garantizados por esta Constitución y la ley es nulo, y los funcionarios públicos y funcionarias públicas que lo ordenen o ejecuten incurren en responsabilidad penal, civil y administrativa, según los casos, sin que les sirvan de excusa órdenes superiores. (Art. 25)
Judicial Protection
- EnglishThe attributions of the Supreme Court of Justice are:
1) To take cognizance of the processes of amparo;
… (Art. 182) - SpanishSon atribuciones de la Corte Suprema de Justicia:
1ª- Conocer de los procesos de amparo;
… (Art. 182)
Judicial Protection
- English
Constitutional guarantees are:
1. The Action of Habeas Corpus, which proceeds concerning an act or omission, on the part of any authority, functionary or person, which violates or threatens individual freedom or the related constitutional rights.
2. The Action of Amparo, which proceeds against an act or omission, on the part of any authority, functionary, or person, which violates or threatens the other rights recognized by the Constitution, with the exception of those specified in the following paragraph.
It does not proceed against legal norms or or Judicial Resolutions emanating from [the] regular procedure.
3. The Action of Habeas Data, which proceeds against an act or omission, on the part of any authority, functionary, or person, which violates or threatens the rights to which Article 2, paragraphs 5 and 6 of this Constitution, refers.
4. The Action of Unconstitutionality, which proceeds against the norms that have status [rango] of law: laws, legislative decrees, decrees of urgency, treaties, regulations of the Congress, regional norms of general character and municipal ordinances that contravene the Constitution in form or in substance [fondo].
5. The Popular Action [Acción Popular], which proceeds for infraction of the Constitution and of the law, against the regulations, administrative norms and resolutions and decrees of general character, whatever the authority from which they emanate may be.
6. The Action of Cumplimiento [Fulfillment/Mandamus], which proceeds against any authority or functionary that refuses to comply with a legal norm, or an administrative act, without prejudice to the responsibilities of law.
An Organic Law regulates the exercise of these guarantees and the effects of the declaration of unconstitutionality or illegality of the norms.
The exercise of the actions of habeas corpus and of amparo is not suspended during the effectiveness [vigencia] of the regimes of exception to which Article 137 of the Constitution refers.
When actions of this nature are interposed in relation to restricted or suspended rights, the competent jurisdictional organ examines the reasonability and the proportionality of the restrictive act. It does not correspond to the judge to question the declaration of the state of emergency or of siege. (Art. 200) - Spanish
Son garantías constitucionales:
1. La Acción de Hábeas Corpus, que procede ante el hecho u omisión, por parte de cualquier autoridad, funcionario o persona, que vulnera o amenaza la libertad individual o los derechos constitucionales conexos.
2. La Acción de Amparo, que procede contra el hecho u omisión, por parte de cualquier autoridad, funcionario o persona, que vulnera o amenaza los demás derechos reconocidos por la Constitución, con excepción de los señalados en el inciso siguiente.
No procede contra normas legales ni contra Resoluciones Judiciales emanadas de procedimiento regular.
3. La Acción de Hábeas Data, que procede contra el hecho u omisión, por parte de cualquier autoridad, funcionario o persona, que vulnera o amenaza los derechos a que se refiere el Artículo 2º, incisos 5 y 6 de la Constitución.
4. La Acción de Inconstitucionalidad, que procede contra las normas que tienen rango de ley: leyes, decretos legislativos, decretos de urgencia, tratados, reglamentos del Congreso, normas regionales de carácter general y ordenanzas municipales que contravengan la Constitución en la forma o en el fondo.
5. La Acción Popular, que procede, por infracción de la Constitución y de la ley, contra los reglamentos, normas administrativas y resoluciones y decretos de carácter general, cualquiera sea la autoridad de la que emanen.
6. La Acción de Cumplimiento, que procede contra cualquier autoridad o funcionario renuente a acatar una norma legal o un acto administrativo, sin perjuicio de las responsabilidades de ley.
Una ley orgánica regula el ejercicio de estas garantías y los efectos de la declaración de inconstitucionalidad o ilegalidad de las normas.
El ejercicio de las acciones de hábeas corpus y de amparo no se suspende durante la vigencia de los regímenes de excepción a que se refiere el artículo 137º de la Constitución.
Cuando se interponen acciones de esta naturaleza en relación con derechos restringidos o suspendidos, el órgano jurisdiccional competente examina la razonabilidad y la proporcionalidad del acto restrictivo. No corresponde al juez cuestionar la declaración del estado de emergencia ni de sitio. (Art. 200)
Judicial Protection
- EnglishEveryone has the right, on the terms established by the human rights treaties, pacts and conventions ratified by the Republic, to address petitions and complaints to the intentional organs created for such purpose, in order to ask for protection of his or her human rights.
The State shall adopt, in accordance with the procedures established under this Constitution and by the law, such measures as may be necessary to enforce the decisions emanating from international organs as provided for under this article. (Art. 31) - SpanishToda persona tiene derecho, en los términos establecidos por los tratados, pactos y convenciones sobre derechos humanos ratificados por la República, a dirigir peticiones o quejas ante los órganos internacionales creados para tales fines, con el objeto de solicitar el amparo a sus derechos humanos.
El Estado adoptará, conforme a procedimientos establecidos en esta Constitución y la ley, las medidas que sean necesarias para dar cumplimiento a las decisiones emanadas de los órganos internacionales previstos en este artículo. (Art. 31)
National Human Rights Bodies
- EnglishIn the exercise of its functions, it will pay a special attention to the complaints presented by women, particularly in that relating to the discriminations and the aggressions of which they may be victims notably in their work. (Art. 207-2bis)
- FrenchDans l’exercise de ses fonctions, il accordera une attention spéciale aux plaintes déposées par les femmes, particulièrement en ce qui a trait aux discriminations et aux agressions dont elles peuvent être victimes notamment dans leur travail (Art. 207.2bis)
National Human Rights Bodies
- EnglishThe following are functions of the Office of Public Prosecutions:
1. In judicial proceedings, to guarantee respect for constitutional rights and guarantees, as well as those deriving from international treaties, agreements and conventions signed by the Republic.
… (Art. 285) - SpanishSon atribuciones del Ministerio Público:
1. Garantizar en los procesos judiciales el respeto de los derechos y garantías constitucionales, así como de los tratados, convenios y acuerdos internacionales suscritos por la República.
… (Art. 285)
National Human Rights Bodies
- EnglishThe Congress of the Republic will appoint a Commission of Human Rights formed by a deputy for each political party represented in the corresponding period. This Commission shall propose to the Congress three candidates for the election of a Procurator, who must meet the requirements of a magistrate of the Supreme Court of Justice and will enjoy the same immunities and privileges as the deputies to Congress. The law will regulate the attributions of the Commission and of the Procurator of Human Rights to which this Article refers. (Art. 273)
- SpanishEl Congreso de la República designará una Comisión de Derechos Humanos formada por un diputado por cada partido político representado en el correspondiente período. Esta Comisión propondrá al Congreso tres candidatos para la elección de un Procurador, que deberá reunir las calidades de los magistrados de la Corte Suprema de Justicia y gozará de las mismas inmunidades y prerrogativas de los diputados al Congreso. La ley regulará las atribuciones de la Comisión y del Procurador de los Derechos Humanos a que se refiere este artículo. (Art. 273)
National Human Rights Bodies
- English(1) The Human Rights Commission shall promote the observance of and respect for, and protect and investigate violations of the rights recognized by this Constitution and any other law relating to equality of opportunity and treatment (hereinafter referred to as “the rights”).
(2) The Human Rights Commission shall consist of a full time Chairperson and such other members, to be appointed in accordance with this article.
(3) The Chairperson of the Human Rights Commission shall be a person who holds or has held office as a judge of a court having unlimited jurisdiction in civil and criminal matters in some part of the Commonwealth or a court having jurisdiction in appeals from such court or who is qualified to be appointed as any such judge, or any other fit and proper person with expertise or experience in human rights matters, to be appointed by the President from a list, not unacceptable to the President, of six person submitted by the Leader of the Opposition after meaningful consultation with such entities as appear to him or her to have expertise or experience in human rights matters
...
(4) In addition to the Chairperson, there shall be four members of the Commission who shall be Chairpersons of the Ethnic Relations Commission, Women and Gender Equality Commission, Indigenous People’s Commission and Rights of the Child Commission.
… (Art. 212N)