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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
Limitations and/or Derogations
- EnglishWhile situations of exception and disaster are in force, the law determines the rights and duties recognized by the Constitution, whose exercise must be regulated in a different manner. (Art. 224)
- SpanishDurante la vigencia de las situaciones excepcionales y de desastre, la ley determina los derechos y deberes reconocidos por la Constitución, cuyo ejercicio debe ser regulado de manera diferente. (Art. 224)
Limitations and/or Derogations
- EnglishIt is not allowed to impose restrictions on fundamental rights and freedoms when declaring a state of emergency except to the extent necessary to fulfill the purpose stated in the decree declaring the state of emergency. (Art. 111)
- Arabicلا يجوز فرض قيود على الحقوق و الحريات الأساسية إلا بالقدر الضروري لتحقيق الهدف المعلن في مرسوم إعلان حالة الطوارئ. (المادّة 111)
Limitations and/or Derogations
- English
(1) The Preamble acknowledges that Tuvalu is an Independent State based on Christian principles, the Rule of Law, Tuvaluan values, culture and tradition, and respect for human dignity.
...
(3) Within Tuvalu, the freedoms of the individual can only be exercised having regard to the rights or feelings of other people, the Charter of Duties and Responsibilities in section 43, and to the effect on society.
(4) It may therefore be necessary in certain circumstances to regulate or place some restrictions on the exercise of those rights, if their exercise-
(a) may be divisive, unsettling or offensive to the people; or
(b) may directly threaten Tuvaluan values or culture.
(5) Subject to section 15 (definition of “reasonably justifiable in a democratic society”) nothing contained in a law or done under a law shall be considered to be inconsistent with section 23 (freedom of belief); or section 24 (freedom of expression); or section 25 (freedom of assembly and association); or section 26 (freedom of movement); or section 27 (freedom from discrimination) to the extent the law makes provision regulating or placing restrictions on any exercise of the right-
(a) to spread beliefs; or
(b) to communicate opinions, ideas and information;
(c) to assemble and associate with others;
(d) to move freely or reside within Tuvalu or to enter and to leave Tuvalu; or
(e) to not be discriminated against;
if the exercise of that right may otherwise conflict with subsection (4). (Sec. 29)
Limitations and/or Derogations
- EnglishThe principles, rights and obligations established by this Constitution may not be altered by the laws that regulate its exercise.
The Constitution will prevail over all laws and regulations. The public interest holds primacy over the private interest. (Art. 246) - SpanishLos principios, derechos y obligaciones establecidos por esta Constitución no pueden ser alterados por las leyes que regulen su ejercicio.
La Constitución prevalecerá sobre todas las leyes y reglamentos. El interés público tiene primacía sobre el interés privado. (Art. 246)
Limitations and/or Derogations
- English1. Suspension of the exercise of fundamental rights, freedoms and guarantees shall only take place if a state of siege or a state of emergency has been declared as provided for by the Constitution.
2. A state of siege or a state of emergency shall only be declared in case of effective or impending aggression by a foreign force, of serious disturbance or threat of serious disturbance to the democratic constitutional order, or of public disaster.
3. A declaration of a state of siege or a state of emergency shall be substantiated, specifying rights, freedoms and guarantees the exercise of which is to be suspended.
4. A suspension shall not last for more than thirty days, without prejudice of possible justified renewal, when strictly necessary, for equal periods of time.
5. In no case shall a declaration of a state of siege affect the right to life, physical integrity, citizenship, non-retroactivity of the criminal law, defence in a criminal case and freedom of conscience and religion, the right not to be subjected to torture, slavery or servitude, the right not to be subjected to cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment, and the guarantee of non-discrimination.
6. Authorities shall restore constitutional normality as soon as possible. (Sec. 25) - Tetum1. Lei de’it maka bele hapara direitu, liberdade no garantia fundamentál wainhira iha estadu serku eh estadu emerjénsia nia laran, tuir Lei-Inan haruka.
2. Bele de’it deklara estadu serku eh emerjénsia nian wainhira iha kazu agresaun eh ameasa hosi forsa rai-seluk ne’ebé atu tama dadauk ona, wainhira perturbasaun boot ka ameasa atu sobu orden konstitusionál demokrátiku eh dezorden públiku.
3. Wainhira fó-sai ona deklarasaun estadu serku eh emerjénsia nian sei hapara mós direitu, liberdade no garantia hirak ne’ebé mai iha espesifikasaun laran.
4. Wainhira presiza tebes duni, labele hanaruk suspensaun liu loron tolunulu nia laran, maibé la halo impedimentu atu hafoun hikas suspensaun ho tempu ne’ebé hanesan.
5. Deklarasaun estadu serku nian labele afeta direitu ba moris, integridade fíziku, sidadania, no labele halo retroatividade ba lei penál, direitu ba defeza ne’ebé iha ona prosesu krime nia laran no liberdade konxiénsia no relijiaun nian, ho direitu atu lasimu tortura, sai atan, tratamentu kruél, la’ós umanu eh degradante, no iha garantia atu la hetan diskriminasaun.
6. Autoridade sira iha obrigasaun atu harii hikas fali normalidade Lei-Inan nian, iha tempu badak nia laran. (Art. 25) - Portuguese1. A suspensão do exercício dos direitos, liberdades e garantias fundamentais só pode ter lugar declarado o estado de sítio ou o estado de emergência nos termos previstos na Constituição.
2. O estado de sítio ou o estado de emergência só podem ser declarados em caso de agressão efectiva ou iminente por forças estrangeiras, de grave perturbação ou ameaça de perturbação séria da ordem constitucional democrática ou de calamidade pública.
3. A declaração do estado de sítio ou do estado de emergência é fundamentada, com especificação dos direitos, liberdades e garantias cujo exercício fica suspenso.
4. A suspensão não pode prolongar-se por mais de trinta dias, sem impedimento de eventual renovação fundamentada por iguais períodos de tempo, quando absolutamente necessário.
5. A declaração do estado de sítio em caso algum pode afectar os direitos à vida, integridade física, cidadania e não retroactividade da lei penal, o direito à defesa em processo criminal, a liberdade de consciência e de religião, o direito a não ser sujeito a tortura, escravatura ou servidão, o direito a não ser sujeito a tratamento ou punição cruel, desumano ou degradante e a garantia de não discriminação.
6. As autoridades estão obrigadas a restabelecer a normalidade constitucional no mais curto espaço de tempo. (Art. 25)
Limitations and/or Derogations
- English
Every human being has the right to the development and to the full realization of their person in their material, temporal, intellectual and spiritual dimensions, as long as it neither violates the rights of others nor infringes the constitutional order and good morals. (Art. 9)
- French
Tout être humain a droit au développement et au plein épanouissement de sa personne dans ses dimensions matérielle, temporelle, intellectuelle et spirituelle, pourvu qu'il ne viole pas les droits d'autrui ni n'enfreigne l'ordre constitutionnel et les bonnes mœurs. (Art. 9)
Limitations and/or Derogations
- EnglishIn the United Mexican States all persons will enjoy the human rights recognized in this Constitution and in the treaties to which the Mexican State is a party, as well as the guarantees for their protection, of which [the] exercise may not be restricted or suspended, except in the cases and under the conditions that this Constitution establishes.
… (Art. 1) - SpanishEn los Estados Unidos Mexicanos todas las personas gozarán de los derechos humanos reconocidos en esta Constitución y en los tratados internacionales de los que el Estado Mexicano sea parte, así como de las garantías para su protección, cuyo ejercicio no podrá restringirse ni suspenderse, salvo en los casos y bajo las condiciones que esta Constitución establece.
… (Art. 1)
Limitations and/or Derogations
- English
1. Limitations of the rights and freedoms foreseen in this Constitution may be established only by law for a public interest or for the protection of the rights of others. The limitation shall be in proportion with the situation that has dictated it.
2. These limitations may not infringe the essence of the rights and freedoms and in no case may exceed the limitations provided for in the European Convention on Human Rights. (Art. 17) - Albanian
1. Kufizime të të drejtave dhe lirive të parashikuara në këtë Kushtetutë mund të vendosen vetëm me ligj për një interes publik ose për mbrojtjen e të drejtave të të tjerëve. Kufizimi duhet të jetë në përpjesëtim me gjendjen që e ka diktuar atë.
2. Këto kufizime nuk mund të cenojnë thelbin e lirive dhe të të drejtave dhe në asnjë rast nuk mund të tejkalojnë kufizimet e parashikuara në Konventën Europiane për të Drejtat e Njeriut. (Neni 17)
Limitations and/or Derogations
- English…
The rights and duties of citizens, during war or in case of invasion or attack of the national territory by foreign forces, are made the subject of a law. (Art. 143) - French…
Les droits et devoirs des citoyens, pendant la guerre ou en cas d’invasion ou d’attaque du territoire national par des forces de l’extérieur, font l’objet d’une loi. (Art. 143)
Limitations and/or Derogations
- EnglishNothing contained in or done under the authority of a law enacted by Parliament shall be held to be inconsistent with or in contravention of section 5 or 15 to the extent that the law authorises the taking during any period of public emergency of measures that are reasonably justifiable for dealing with the situation that exists in Saint Christopher and Nevis or in part of Saint Christopher and Nevis during that period. (Sec. 16)