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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
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Limitations and/or Derogations
Estonia
- EnglishIn a state of emergency or a state of war, the rights and freedoms of individuals may be circumscribed and duties may be imposed upon individuals in the interests of national security and public order under conditions and pursuant to a procedure provided by law. The rights and freedoms enshrined in § 8, §§ 11-18, paragraph 3 of § 20, § 22, § 23, paragraphs 2 and 4 of § 24, § 25, § 27, § 28, paragraph 2 of § 36, § 40, § 41, § 49 and paragraph 1 of § 51 of the Constitution may not be circumscribed. (Sec. 130)
- EstonianErakorralise või sõjaseisukorra ajal võib riigi julgeoleku ja avaliku korra huvides seadusega ettenähtud juhtudel ja korras piirata isikute õigusi ja vabadusi ning panna neile kohustusi. Piirata ei tohi õigusi ja vabadusi, mis on sätestatud põhiseaduse §-des 8, 11-18, 20 lõige 3, 22, 23, 24 lõiked 2 ja 4, 25, 27, 28, 36 lõige 2, 40, 41, 49 ja 51 lõige 1. (§ 130)
Limitations and/or Derogations
Afghanistan
- EnglishThe Constitution shall not be amended during the state of emergency. (Art. 146)
- Dariدر حالت اضطرار، قانون اساسی تعدیل نمی شود. (مادۀ ۱۴۶)
- Pashtoد اضطرار په حالت كې اساسي قانون نه تعديلېږي. (۱۴۶ ماده)
Limitations and/or Derogations
Ghana
- English...
(10) Nothing in, or done under the authority of, an Act of Parliament shall be held to be inconsistent with, or in contravention of, articles 12 to 308 of this Constitution to the extent that the Act in question authorises the taking, during any period when a state of emergency is in force, of measures that are reasonably justifiable for the purposes of dealing with the situation that exists during that period. (Art. 31)
Limitations and/or Derogations
Sao Tome and Principe
- EnglishThe following may not be the subject of constitutional revision:
…
d) The rights, freedoms and guarantees of citizens;
… (Art. 154) - PortugueseNão podem ser objecto de revisão constitucional:
…
d) Os direitos, liberdades e garantias dos cidadãos;
… (Art. 154)
Limitations and/or Derogations
Germany
- English(1) Insofar as, under this Basic Law, a basic right may be restricted by or pursuant to a law, such law must apply generally and not merely to a single case. In addition, the law must specify the basic right affected and the Article in which it appears.
(2) In no case may the essence of a basic right be affected.
… (Art. 19) - German(1) Soweit nach diesem Grundgesetz ein Grundrecht durch Gesetz oder auf Grund eines Gesetzes eingeschränkt warden kann, muß das Gesetz allgemein und nicht nur für den Einzelfall gelten. Außerdem muß das Gesetz das Grundrecht unter Angabe des Artikels nennen.
(2) In keinem Falle darf ein Grundrecht in seinem Wesensgehalt angetastet werden.
… (Art. 19)
Limitations and/or Derogations
Armenia
- EnglishWhen restricting fundamental rights and freedoms, the laws shall define the grounds and scope of such restrictions and be sufficiently certain for the holders and addressees of such rights and freedoms to be able to engage in appropriate conduct. (Art. 79)
- ArmenianՀիմնական իրավունքները և ազատությունները սահմանափակելիս օրենքները պետք է սահմանեն այդ սահմանափակումների հիմքերը և ծավալը, լինեն բավարար չափով որոշակի, որպեսզի այդ իրավունքների և ազատությունների կրողները և հասցեատերերն ի վիճակի լինեն դրսևորելու համապատասխան վարքագիծ: (Հոդված 79)
Limitations and/or Derogations
Guinea
- EnglishUnder reserve of the provisions of Article 51, the National Assembly alone votes the law and controls the governmental action.
The law establishes the rules concerning:
- the guarantees of the freedoms, [and] of the fundamental rights, the conditions within which they are exercised and the limitations that may be brought [portées] to them;
… (Art. 72) - FrenchSous réserve des dispositions de l'article 51, l'Assemblée nationale vote seule la loi et contrôle l'action gouvernementale.
La loi fixe les règles concernant :
- les garanties des libertés, des droits fondamentaux, les conditions dans lesquelles ils s'exercent et les limitations qui peuvent y être portées ;
… (Art. 72)
Limitations and/or Derogations
South Africa
- English…
(3) The Bill of Rights does not deny the existence of any other rights or freedoms that are recognised or conferred by common law, customary law or legislation, to the extent that they are consistent with the Bill. (Sec. 39)
Limitations and/or Derogations
Malta
- EnglishWhereas every person in Malta is entitled to the fundamental rights and freedoms of the individual, that is to say, the right, whatever his race, place of origin, political opinions, colour, creed, sex, sexual orientation or gender identity, but subject to respect for the rights and freedoms of others and for the public interest,
…
the subsequent provisions of this Chapter3 shall have effect for the purpose of affording protection to the aforesaid rights and freedoms, subject to such limitations of that protection as are contained in those provisions being limitations designed to ensure that the enjoyment of the said rights and freedoms by any individual does not prejudice the rights and freedoms of others or the public interest. (Art. 32) - MalteseBilli kull persuna f’Malta hija intitolata għad-drittijiet u libertajiet fundamentali tal-individwu, jiġifieri, id-dritt, tkun xi tkun ir-razza, post ta’ oriġini, fehmiet politiċi, kulur, twemmin, sess, orjentazzjoni sesswali jew identità tal-ġeneru tagħha, iżda suġġett għar-rispett tad-drittijiet u l-libertajiet ta’ oħrajn u tal-interess pubbliku,
…
id-disposizzjonijiet li ġejjin ta’ dan il-Kapitolu jkollhom effett sabiex jagħtu protezzjoni għad-drittijiet u libertajiet imsemmija qabel, salvi dawk il-limitazzjonijiet ta’ dik il-protezzjoni kif jinsabu f’dawk id-disposizzjonijiet li huma limitazzjonijiet maħsuba biex jiżguraw illi t-tgawdija tal-imsemmija drittijiet u libertajiet minn xi individwu ma tippreġudikax id-drittijiet u libertajiet ta’ oħrajn jew l-interess pubbliku. (Art. 32)
Limitations and/or Derogations
Cyprus
- EnglishNothing in this Part may be interpreted as implying for any Community, group or person any right to engage in any activity or perform any act aimed at the undermining or destruction of the constitutional order established by this Constitution or at the destruction of any of the rights and liberties set forth in this Part7 or at their limitation to a greater extent than is provided for therein. (Art. 34)
- GreekΟυδέν εκ των εν τω παρόντι, μέρει διαλαμβανομένων δύναται να ερμηνευθή ως παρέχον οιονδήποτε δικαίωμα εις οιονδήποτε κοινότητα, ομάδα ή άτομον να επιδοθή εις οιανδήποτε δράσιν ή εκτέλεσιν οιασδήποτε πράξεως σκοπούσης την υπονόμευσιν ή την κατάργησιν της υπό του Συντάγματος καθιδρυομένης συνταγματικής τάξεως ή την κατάργησιν οιουδήποτε εκ των εν τω παρόντι μέρει καθοριζομένων δικαιωμάτων ή ελευθεριών ή τον περιορισμόν αυτών εις μεγαλύτερον του οριζομένου εν τω παρόντι μέρει βαθμόν. (Αρθρον 34)
- TurkishBu Bölümdeki hiçbir şey, herhangi bir Topluluk, grup veya kişi için, bu Anayasa tarafından belirlenen anayasal düzenin baltalanılmasına veya yok edilmesine veya bu Bölümde belirtilen hak ve özgürlüklerin herhangi birinin yok edilmesine veya sınırlamalarına yönelik herhangi bir faaliyette bulunma veya herhangi bir eylemde bulunma hakkını ima etmek olarak yorumlanamaz. (Madde 34)