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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
Limitations and/or Derogations
- English1. Entities that exercise sovereignty may not jointly or separately suspend the exercise of the rights, freedoms and guarantees, save in the case of a state of siege or a state of emergency declared in the form provided for in the Constitution.
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4. Both the choice between a state of siege and a state of emergency and the declaration and implementation thereof must respect the principle of proportionality and limit themselves, particularly as regards their extent and duration and the means employed, to that which is strictly necessary for the prompt restoration of constitutional normality.
5. Declarations of a state of siege or a state of emergency shall set out adequate grounds therefore and specify the rights, freedoms and guarantees whose exercise is to be suspended. Without prejudice to the possibility of renewals subject to the same limits, neither state may last for more than fifteen days, or, when it results from a declaration of war, for more than the duration laid down by law.
6. In no case may a declaration of a state of siege or a state of emergency affect the rights to life, personal integrity, personal identity, civil capacity and citizenship, the non-retroactivity of the criminal law, accused persons' right to a defence, or the freedom of conscience and religion.
7. Declarations of a state of siege or a state of emergency may only alter constitutional normality in accordance with the provisions of the Constitution and the law. In particular, they may not affect the application of the constitutional rules concerning the competences and modus operandi of the entities that exercise sovereignty or of the self-government organs of the autonomous regions, or the rights and immunities of the respective officeholders.
... (Art. 19) - Portuguese1. Os órgãos de soberania não podem, conjunta ou separadamente, suspender o exercício dos direitos, liberdades e garantias, salvo em caso de estado de sítio ou de estado de emergência, declarados na forma prevista na Constituição.
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4. A opção pelo estado de sítio ou pelo estado de emergência, bem como as respectivas declaração e execução, devem respeitar o princípio da proporcionalidade e limitar-se, nomeadamente quanto às suas extensão e duração e aos meios utilizados, ao estritamente necessário ao pronto restabelecimento da normalidade constitucional.
5. A declaração do estado de sítio ou do estado de emergência é adequadamente fundamentada e contém a especificação dos direitos, liberdades e garantias cujo exercício fica suspenso, não podendo o estado declarado ter duração superior a quinze dias, ou à duração fixada por lei quando em consequência de declaração de guerra, sem prejuízo de eventuais renovações, com salvaguarda dos mesmos limites.
6. A declaração do estado de sítio ou do estado de emergência em nenhum caso pode afectar os direitos à vida, à integridade pessoal, à identidade pessoal, à capacidade civil e à cidadania, a não retroactividade da lei criminal, o direito de defesa dos arguidos e a liberdade de consciência e de religião.
7. A declaração do estado de sítio ou do estado de emergência só pode alterar a normalidade constitucional nos termos previstos na Constituição e na lei, não podendo nomeadamente afectar a aplicação das regras constitucionais relativas à competência e ao funcionamento dos órgãos de soberania e de governo próprio das regiões autónomas ou os direitos e imunidades dos respectivos titulares.
... (Art. 19)
Limitations and/or Derogations
- EnglishI. The Executive shall report to the Pluri-National Legislative Assembly concerning the reasons for the declaration of the state of emergency, as well as the use that has been made of the powers conferred by the Constitution and the law.
II. Those persons who violate the rights established in this Constitution shall be subject to criminal process for violation of rights.
III. The states of emergency shall be regulated by law. (Art. 139) - SpanishI. El Ejecutivo rendirá cuentas a la Asamblea Legislativa Plurinacional de los motivos que dieron lugar a la declaración del estado de excepción, así como del uso que haya hecho de las facultades conferidas por la Constitución y la ley.
II. Quienes violen los derechos establecidos en esta Constitución serán objeto de proceso penal por atentado contra los derechos.
III. Los estados de excepción serán regulados por la ley. (Art. 139)
Limitations and/or Derogations
- English
During the period in which the state of siege decreed under article 137, I, is in force, only the following measures may be taken against persons:
I – obligation to remain at a specific place;
II – detention in a building not intended for persons accused of or convicted for common crimes;
III – restrictions regarding the inviolability of correspondence, the secrecy of communications, the rendering of information and the freedom of press, radio broadcasting and television, as established by law;
IV – suspension of freedom of assembly;
V – home search and seizure;
VI – intervention in public utility companies;
VII – requisitioning of property.
… (Art. 139) - Portuguese
Na vigência do estado de sítio decretado com fundamento no art. 137, I, só poderão ser tomadas contra as pessoas as seguintes medidas:
I - obrigação de permanência em localidade determinada;
II - detenção em edifício não destinado a acusados ou condenados por crimes comuns;
III - restrições relativas à inviolabilidade da correspondência, ao sigilo das comunicações, à prestação de informações e à liberdade de imprensa, radiodifusão e televisão, na forma da lei;
IV - suspensão da liberdade de reunião;
V - busca e apreensão em domicílio;
VI - intervenção nas empresas de serviços públicos;
VII - requisição de bens.
… (Art. 139)
Limitations and/or Derogations
- English…
C. No law may be enacted that contradicts the rights and basic freedoms stipulated in this Constitution.
… (Art. 2) - Arabic…
ج ـ لا يجوز سن قانونٍ يتعارض مع الحقوق والحريات الاساسية الواردة في هذا الدستور
(المادة 2) …
Limitations and/or Derogations
- EnglishIf the Realm is at war or exposed to the immediate danger of war, the provisions of Chapter 2, Article 22, paragraph one3, shall not apply. The same is true in any other circumstances in which the War Delegation is acting in place of the Riksdag. (Instrument of Government, Chapter 15, Art. 7)
- SwedishÄr riket i krig eller omedelbar krigsfara, ska 2 kap. 22 § första stycket inte tillämpas. Detsamma gäller om krigsdelegationen i annat fall har trätt i riksdagens ställe. (Kungörelse (1974:152) om beslutad ny regeringsform, 15 kap, 7§)
Limitations and/or Derogations
- EnglishThe exercise of the rights and liberties provided for in this Constitution implies responsibilities. They are duties of Cuban citizens, in addition to the other duties established by this Constitution and the laws, are:
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g. To respect the rights of others and to not abuse one's own rights;
… (Art. 90) - SpanishEl ejercicio de los derechos y libertades previstos en esta Constitución implican responsabilidades. Son deberes de los ciudadanos cubanos, además de los otros establecidos en esta Constitución y las leyes:
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g) respetar los derechos ajenos y no abusar de los propios;
… (Art. 90)
Limitations and/or Derogations
- English(1) If an Act of Parliament recites that action has been taken or threatened by any substantial body of persons, whether inside or outside the Federation—
(a) to cause, or to cause a substantial number of citizens to fear, organized violence against persons or property; or
(b) to excite disaffection against the Yang di-Pertuan Agong or any Government in the Federation; or
(c) to promote feelings of ill-will and hostility between different races or other classes of the population likely to cause violence; or
(d) to procure the alteration, otherwise than by lawful means, of anything by law established; or
(e) which is prejudicial to the maintenance or the functioning of any supply or service to the public or any class of the public in the Federation or any part thereof; or
(f) which is prejudicial to public order in, or the security of, the Federation or any part thereof,
any provision of that law designed to stop or prevent that action is valid notwithstanding that it is inconsistent with any of the provisions of Article 5, 9, 10 or 13, or would apart from this Article be outside the legislative power of Parliament; and Article 79 shall not apply to a Bill for such an Act or any amendment to such a Bill.
… (Art. 149) - Malay(1) Jika sesuatu Akta Parlimen menyebut bahawa tindakan telah diambil atau diancam oleh mana-mana kumpulan besar orang, sama ada di dalam atau di luar Persekutuan—
(a) untuk menyebabkan keganasan terancang terhadap orang atau harta, atau untuk menyebabkan sebilangan besar warganegara takut akan keganasan itu; atau
(b) untuk membangkitkan perasaan tidak setia terhadap Yang di-Pertuan Agong atau mana-mana Kerajaan di dalam Persekutuan; atau
(c) untuk menggalakkan perasaan niat jahat dan permusuhan antara kaum yang berlainan atau golongan penduduk yang berlainan yang mungkin menyebabkan keganasan; atau
(d) untuk mendapatkan perubahan, selain dengan cara yang sah, apa-apa jua yang ditetapkan melalui undang-undang; atau
(e) yang memudaratkan penyenggaraan atau perjalanan apa-apa bekalan atau perkhidmatan kepada orang awam atau mana-mana golongan orang awam di dalam Persekutuan atau mana-mana bahagiannya; atau
(f) yang memudaratkan ketenteraman awam di dalam Persekutuan atau mana-mana bahagiannya, atau yang memudaratkan keselamatannya,
maka apa-apa peruntukan undang-undang itu yang bermaksud untuk memberhentikan atau mencegah tindakan itu adalah sah walaupun peruntukan itu tidak selaras dengan mana-mana peruntukan Perkara 5, 9, 10 atau 13, atau walaupun, jika tidak kerana Perkara ini, peruntukan itu akan terkeluar daripada kuasa perundangan Parlimen; dan Perkara 79 tidaklah terpakai bagi Rang Undang-Undang untuk sesuatu Akta yang sedemikian atau bagi apa-apa pindaan kepada sesuatu Rang Undang-Undang yang sedemikian.
… (Perkara 149)
Limitations and/or Derogations
- English1. In this Chapter “period of public emergency” means any period during which-
a. Kiribati is at war; or
b. there is in force a proclamation made under this section.
2. The Beretitenti, acting in accordance with the advice of the Cabinet, may at any time declare that a state of public emergency exists and make regulations for the purpose of dealing with the public emergency.
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5. Nothing contained in or done under the authority of any law or regulation shall be held to be inconsistent with or in contravention of section 5, 6(2), 9, 11, 12, 13, 14, or 15 of this Constitution to the extent that the law or regulation in question makes in relation to any period of public emergency provision, or authorizes the doing during any such period of any thing, that is reasonably justifiable in the circumstances of any situation arising or existing during the period for the purpose of dealing with that situation.
… (Sec. 16)
Limitations and/or Derogations
- EnglishIn cases of war, invasion of the territory, rebellion, sedition, catastrophe, epidemic, or other general calamity, or of serious disturbances to the public order, the guarantees established in Articles 5, 6 [in its] first paragraph, 7 [in its] first paragraph and 24 of this Constitution can be suspended, except when dealing with meetings or associations with religious, cultural, economic or sport purposes. Such suspension can affect all or part of the territory of the Republic, and will be conducted by means of a decree of the Legislative Organ or [of] the Executive Organ, as the case may be.
There can also be the suspension of the guarantees contained in Articles 12 [in its] second paragraph and 13 [in its] second paragraph of this Constitution, when agreed to as such by the Legislative Organ, with the favorable vote of the threefourths part of the elected Deputies; not exceeding the administrative detention of fifteen days. (Art. 29) - SpanishEn casos de guerra, invasión del territorio, rebelión, sedición, catástrofe, epidemia u otra calamidad general, o de graves perturbaciones del orden público, podrán suspenderse las garantías establecidas en los artículos 5, 6 inciso primero, 7 inciso primero y 24 de esta Constitución, excepto cuando se trate de reuniones o asociaciones confines religiosos, culturales, económicos o deportivos. Tal suspensión podrá afectar la totalidad o parte del territorio de la República, y se hará por medio de decreto del Órgano Legislativo o del Órgano Ejecutivo, en su caso.
También podrán suspenderse las garantías contenidas en los Arts. 12 inciso segundo y 13 inciso segundo de esta Constitución, cuando así lo acuerde el Órgano Legislativo, con el voto favorable de las tres cuartas partes de los Diputados electos; no excediendo la detención administrativa de quince días. (Art. 29)
Limitations and/or Derogations
- English(1) Nothing contained in Articles 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, and 24 shall, while a proclamation of Emergency is in force, restrict the power of the State as defined in Article 7 to make any law or to take any executive action which it would, but for the provisions in the said Articles, be competent to make or to take, but any law so made shall, to the extent of the incompetency, cease to have effect, and shall be deemed to have been repealed, at the time when the Proclamation is revoked or has ceased to be in force.
(2) While a Proclamation of Emergency is in force, the President may, by Order, declare that the right to move any court for the enforcement of such of the Fundamental Rights conferred by Chapter 1 of Part II7 as may be specified in the Order, and any proceeding in any court which is for the enforcement, or involves the determination of any question as to the infringement, of any of the Rights so specified, shall remain suspended for the period during which the Proclamation is in force, and any such Order may be made in respect of the whole or any part of Pakistan.
… (Art. 233) - Urdu(ا) آرٹیکل ،١٥، ١٦ ، ١٧، ١٨ ،١۹ اور ٢٤ میں شامل کوئی امر، جبکہ ہنگامی حالت کا اعلان نافذالعمل ہو، مملکت کے جیسا کہ آرٹیکل ٧ میں تعریف کی گئی ہے، کوئی قانون وضع کرنے یا کوئی عاملانہ قدم اٹھانے کے اختیار پر، جس کے کرنے یا اٹھانے کی وہ مجاز ہوتی اگر مذکورہ آرٹیکل میں شامل احکام نہ ہوتے، پابندی عائد نہیں کرے گا، مگر اس طرح وضع شدہ کوئی قانون، اس وقت جبکہ مذکورہ اعلان منسوخ کر دیا جائے یا نافذالعمل نہ رہے، اس عدم اہلیت کی حد تک غیر مؤثر ہو جائے گا اور منسوخ شدہ متصور ہو گا۔
(٢) جس دوران ہنگامی حالت کا اعلان نافذالعمل ہو، صدر بذریعہ فرمان یہ اعلان کرسکے گا کہ حصہ دوم کے باب اول کی رو سے عطاکردہ بنیادی حقوق میں سے ان کے نفاذ کے لئے جن کی فرمان میں صراحت کر دی جائے کسی عدالت سے رجوع کرنے کا حق اور کسی عدالت میں کوئی کاروائی جو اس طرح مصرحہ حقوق میں سے کسی کے نفاذ کے لئے ہو یا جس میں اس حقوق میں سے کسی کی خلاف ورزی کے متعلق کسی سوال کا تعین مطلوب ہو، اس مدت کے لئے معطل رہے گی جس کے دوران مذکورہ اعلان نافذالعمل رہے اور ایسا کوئی فرمان پورے پاکستان یا اس کے کسی حصہ کے بارے میں صادر کیا جا سکے گا۔
…(آرٹیکل ۲۳۳)