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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
Limitations and/or Derogations
- EnglishThe principles, guarantees and rights recognized in the preceding sections4 shall not be modified by the laws that regulate their enforcement. (Sec. 28)
- SpanishLos principios, garantías y derechos reconocidos en los anteriores artículos, no podrán ser alterados por las leyes que reglamenten su ejercicio. (Art. 28)
Limitations and/or Derogations
- EnglishSuch provisional exceptions to basic rights and liberties that are compatible with Finland's international human rights obligations and that are deemed necessary in the case of an armed attack against Finland or in the event of other situations of emergency, as provided by an Act, which pose a serious threat to the nation may be provided by an Act or by a Government Decree to be issued on the basis of authorisation given in an Act for a special reason and subject to a precisely circumscribed scope of application. The grounds for provisional exceptions shall be laid down by an Act, however.
… (Sec. 23) - FinnishPerusoikeuksista voidaan säätää lailla tai laissa erityisestä syystä säädetyn ja soveltamisalaltaan täsmällisesti rajatun valtuuden nojalla annettavalla valtioneuvoston asetuksella sellaisia tilapäisiä poikkeuksia, jotka ovat välttämättömiä Suomeen kohdistuvan aseellisen hyökkäyksen samoin kuin muiden kansakuntaa vakavasti uhkaavien, laissa säädettyjen poikkeusolojen aikana ja jotka ovat Suomen kansainvälisten ihmisoikeusvelvoitteiden mukaisia. Lailla on kuitenkin säädettävä tilapäisten poikkeusten perusteet.
… (23 §) - SwedishGenom lag, eller genom en förordning av statsrådet som utfärdas med stöd av ett sådant bemyndigande med exakt avgränsat tillämpningsområde som av särskilda skäl tagits in i lag, kan det införas sådana tillfälliga undantag från de grundläggande fri- och rättigheterna som är förenliga med Finlands internationella förpliktelser avseende mänskliga rättigheter och som är nödvändiga om Finland blir utsatt för ett väpnat angrepp eller om det råder andra i lag angivna undantagsförhållanden som allvarligt hotar nationen. Grunderna för tillfälliga undantag skall dock bestämmas genom lag.
… (23 §)
Limitations and/or Derogations
- English…
(5) The rights, duties, declarations and guarantees relating to the fundamental human rights and freedoms specifically mentioned in this Chapter shall not be regarded as excluding others not specifically mentioned which are considered to be inherent in a democracy and intended to secure the freedom and dignity of man. (Art. 33)
Limitations and/or Derogations
- English
During the period in which the state of siege decreed under article 137, I, is in force, only the following measures may be taken against persons:
I – obligation to remain at a specific place;
II – detention in a building not intended for persons accused of or convicted for common crimes;
III – restrictions regarding the inviolability of correspondence, the secrecy of communications, the rendering of information and the freedom of press, radio broadcasting and television, as established by law;
IV – suspension of freedom of assembly;
V – home search and seizure;
VI – intervention in public utility companies;
VII – requisitioning of property.
… (Art. 139) - Portuguese
Na vigência do estado de sítio decretado com fundamento no art. 137, I, só poderão ser tomadas contra as pessoas as seguintes medidas:
I - obrigação de permanência em localidade determinada;
II - detenção em edifício não destinado a acusados ou condenados por crimes comuns;
III - restrições relativas à inviolabilidade da correspondência, ao sigilo das comunicações, à prestação de informações e à liberdade de imprensa, radiodifusão e televisão, na forma da lei;
IV - suspensão da liberdade de reunião;
V - busca e apreensão em domicílio;
VI - intervenção nas empresas de serviços públicos;
VII - requisição de bens.
… (Art. 139)
Limitations and/or Derogations
- EnglishAll persons shall be equal before the law, courts, and other state institutions and officials.
Human rights may not be restricted; no one may be granted any privileges on the grounds of gender, race, nationality, language, origin, social status, belief, convictions, or views. (Art. 29) - LithuanianĮstatymui, teismui ir kitoms valstybės institucijoms ar pareigūnams visi asmenys lygūs.
Žmogaus teisių negalima varžyti ir teikti jam privilegijų dėl jo lyties, rasės, tautybės, kalbos, kilmės, socialinės padėties, tikėjimo, įsitikinimų ar pažiūrų pagrindu. (29 straipsnis)
Limitations and/or Derogations
- Englisha. The President may, in consultation with the Speaker of the House of Representatives and the President Pro Tempore of the Senate, proclaim and declare and the existence of a state of emergency in the Republic or any part thereof. Acting pursuant thereto, the President may suspend or affect certain rights, freedoms and guarantees contained in this Constitution and exercise such other emergency powers as may be necessary and appropriate to take care of the emergency, subject, however, to the limitations contained in this Chapter.
b. A state of emergency may be declared only where there is a threat or outbreak of war or where there is civil unrest affecting the existence, security or well-being of the Republic amounting to a clear and present danger. (Art. 86)
Limitations and/or Derogations
- EnglishThe exercise of the rights and liberties provided for in this Constitution implies responsibilities. They are duties of Cuban citizens, in addition to the other duties established by this Constitution and the laws, are:
…
g. To respect the rights of others and to not abuse one's own rights;
… (Art. 90) - SpanishEl ejercicio de los derechos y libertades previstos en esta Constitución implican responsabilidades. Son deberes de los ciudadanos cubanos, además de los otros establecidos en esta Constitución y las leyes:
…
g) respetar los derechos ajenos y no abusar de los propios;
… (Art. 90)
Limitations and/or Derogations
- English1. The statute specifying the scope of limitation of the freedoms and rights of persons and citizens in times of martial law and states of emergency shall not limit the freedoms and rights specified in Article 30 (the dignity of the person), Article 34 and Article 36 (citizenship), Article 38 (protection of life), Article 39, Article 40 and Article 41, para.4 (humane treatment), Article 42 (ascription of criminal responsibility), Article 45 (access to a court), Article 47 (personal rights), Article 53 (conscience and religion), Article 63 (petitions), as well as Article 48 and Article 72 (family and children).
2. Limitation of the freedoms and rights of persons and citizens only by reason of race, gender, language, faith or lack of it, social origin, ancestry or property shall be prohibited.
3. The statute specifying the scope of limitation of the freedoms and rights of persons and citizens during states of natural disasters may limit the freedoms and rights specified in Article 22 (freedom of economic activity), Article 41, paras. 1, 3 and 5 (personal freedom), Article 50 (inviolability of the home), Article 52, para. 1 (freedom of movement and sojourn on the territory of the Republic of Poland), Article 59, para. 3 (the right to strike), Article 64 (the right of ownership), Article 65, para. 1 (freedom to work), Article 66, para. 1 (the right to safe and hygienic conditions of work) as well as Article 66, para. 2 (the right to rest). (Art. 233) - Polish1. Ustawa określająca zakres ograniczeń wolności i praw człowieka i obywatela w czasie stanu wojennego i wyjątkowego nie może ograniczać wolności i praw określonych w art. 30 (godność człowieka), art. 34 i art. 36 (obywatelstwo), art. 38 (ochrona życia), art. 39, art. 40 i art. 41 ust. 4 (humanitarne traktowanie), art. 42 (ponoszenie odpowiedzialności karnej), art. 45 (dostęp do sądu), art. 47 (dobra osobiste), art. 53 (sumienie i religia), art. 63 (petycje) oraz art. 48 i art. 72 (rodzina i dziecko).
2. Niedopuszczalne jest ograniczenie wolności i praw człowieka i obywatela wyłącznie z powodu rasy, płci, języka, wyznania lub jego braku, pochodzenia społecznego, urodzenia oraz majątku.
3. Ustawa określająca zakres ograniczeń wolności i praw człowieka i obywatela w stanie klęski żywiołowej może ograniczać wolności i prawa określone w art. 22 (wolność działalności gospodarczej), art. 41 ust. 1, 3 i 5 (wolność osobista), art. 50 (nienaruszalność mieszkania), art. 52 ust. 1 (wolność poruszania się i pobytu na terytorium Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej), art. 59 ust. 3 (prawo do strajku), art. 64 (prawo własności), art. 65 ust. 1 (wolność pracy), art. 66 ust. 1 (prawo do bezpiecznych i higienicznych warunków pracy) oraz art. 66 ust. 2 (prawo do wypoczynku). (Art. 233)
Limitations and/or Derogations
- English(1) Every person shall have the duty to respect the human rights of others in the orderly life of the community, nation and state.
(2) In exercising his/her rights and freedoms, every person shall have the duty to accept the restrictions established by law for the sole purposes of guaranteeing the recognition and respect of the rights and freedoms of others and of satisfying just demands based upon considerations of morality, religious values, security and public order in a democratic society. (Art. 28J) - Indonesian(1) Setiap orang wajib menghormati hak asasi manusia orang lain dalam tertib kehidupan bermasyarakat, berbangsa, dan bernegara.
(2) Dalam menjalankan hak dan kebebasannya, setiap orang wajib tunduk kepada pembatasan yang ditetapkan dengan undang-undang dengan maksud semata-mata untuk menjamin pengakuan serta penghormatan atas hak dan kebebasan orang lain dan untuk memenuhi tuntutan yang adil sesuai dengan pertimbangan moral, nilai-nilai agama, keamanan, dan ketertiban umum dalam suatu masyarakat demokratis. (Pasal 28J)
Limitations and/or Derogations
- EnglishIt is the obligation of the State and of the authorities, [to] maintain the inhabitants of the Nation, in the complete enjoyment of their rights guaranteed by the Constitution. However, in case of invasion of the territory, [of] grave disturbance of the peace, of activities against the security of the State or of public calamity, the State can suspend the full force of the rights referred to in Articles 5, 6, 9, 26, 33, paragraph one of Article 35, paragraph two of Article 38 and paragraph two of Article 116.
On determining [concurrir] the existence of any of the cases indicated in the paragraph above, the President of the Republic will make the appropriate declaration by means of a decree dictated by the Council of Ministers and the provisions of the Law of Public Order [Ley de Orden Público] will be applied. In a state of prevention [estado de prevención], this formality will not be necessary.
The decree will specify:
a. The motives that justify it;
b. The rights that may not be fully assured;
c. The territory that it affects; and
d. The time that its validity will last.
Furthermore, within the decree itself, the Congress will be convoked, so that within a term of three days, it may take cognizance of the document, ratify it, amend it, or disapprove it. If the Congress is in session, it must take cognizance of it immediately.
The effects of the decree may not exceed thirty days on each occasion. If before the expiration of this deadline the causes motivating the decree should no longer apply, its effects will be terminated for this reason and any citizen will have the right to seek its revision. Should the 30-day deadline be reached, the full validity of the rights will automatically be reestablished, unless a new decree in the same sense is dictated. When Guatemala faces a real state of war, the decree will not be subject to the time limits mentioned in the previous paragraph.
Once the causes that motivated the decree referred to in this Article should no longer apply, any person will have the right to infer the legal responsibilities that are consequent, for unnecessary acts and measures unauthorized by the Law of Public Order. (Art. 138) - SpanishEs obligación del Estado y de las autoridades, mantener a los habitantes de la Nación, en el pleno goce de los derechos que la Constitución garantiza. Sin embargo, en caso de invasión del territorio, de perturbación grave de la paz, de actividades contra la seguridad del Estado o calamidad pública, podrá cesar la plana vigencia de los derechos a que se refieren los artículo 5º, 6º, 9º, 26º, 33º, primer párrafo del artículo 35º, segundo párrafo del artículo 38º y segundo párrafo del artículo 116º.
Al concurrir cualquiera de los casos que se indican en el párrafo anterior, el Presidente de la República, hará la declaratoria correspondiente, por medio de decreto dictado en Consejo de Ministros y se aplicarán las disposiciones de la Ley de Orden Público. En el estado de prevención, no será necesaria esta formalidad.
Decreto especificará:
a) Los motivos que lo justifiquen;
b) Los derechos que no puedan asegurarse en su plenitud;
c) El territorio que afecte; y
d) El tiempo que durará su vigencia.
Además, en el propio decreto, se convocará al Congreso, para que dentro del término de tres días, lo conozca, lo ratifique, modifique o impruebe. En caso de que el Congreso estuviere reunido, deberá conocerlo inmediatamente.
Los efectos del decreto no podrán exceder de treinta días por cada vez. Si antes de que venza el plazo señalado, hubieren desaparecido las causas que motivaron el decreto, se le hará cesar en sus efectos y para este fin, todo ciudadano tiene derecho a pedir su revisión. Vencido el plazo de treinta días, automáticamente queda reestablecida la vigencia plena de los derechos, salvo que se hubiere dictado nuevo decreto en igual sentido. Cuando Guatemala afronte un estado real de guerra, el decreto no estará sujeto a las limitaciones de tiempo, consideradas en el párrafo anterior.
Desaparecidas las causas que motivaron el decreto a que se refiere este artículo, toda persona tiene derecho a deducir las responsabilidades legales procedentes, por los actos innecesarios y medidas no autorizadas por la Ley de Orden Público. (Art. 138)