SEARCH DATABASE
The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
ABOUT 452 RESULTS
Limitations and/or Derogations
Eritrea
- English…
5. A declaration of a state of emergency or any measures undertaken or laws enacted pursuant to it shall not:
a. suspend Articles 14(1) and (2); 16; 17(2); and 19(1) of the Constitution;
b. grant pardon or amnesty to any person or persons who, acting under the authority of the State, have committed illegal acts; or
c. introduce martial law when there is no external invasion or civil disorder. (Art. 27)
Limitations and/or Derogations
Zimbabwe
- EnglishThis Chapter9 does not preclude the existence of other rights and freedoms that may be recognised or conferred by law, to the extent that they are consistent with this Constitution. (Sec. 47)
Limitations and/or Derogations
Finland
- EnglishSuch provisional exceptions to basic rights and liberties that are compatible with Finland's international human rights obligations and that are deemed necessary in the case of an armed attack against Finland or in the event of other situations of emergency, as provided by an Act, which pose a serious threat to the nation may be provided by an Act or by a Government Decree to be issued on the basis of authorisation given in an Act for a special reason and subject to a precisely circumscribed scope of application. The grounds for provisional exceptions shall be laid down by an Act, however.
… (Sec. 23) - FinnishPerusoikeuksista voidaan säätää lailla tai laissa erityisestä syystä säädetyn ja soveltamisalaltaan täsmällisesti rajatun valtuuden nojalla annettavalla valtioneuvoston asetuksella sellaisia tilapäisiä poikkeuksia, jotka ovat välttämättömiä Suomeen kohdistuvan aseellisen hyökkäyksen samoin kuin muiden kansakuntaa vakavasti uhkaavien, laissa säädettyjen poikkeusolojen aikana ja jotka ovat Suomen kansainvälisten ihmisoikeusvelvoitteiden mukaisia. Lailla on kuitenkin säädettävä tilapäisten poikkeusten perusteet.
… (23 §) - SwedishGenom lag, eller genom en förordning av statsrådet som utfärdas med stöd av ett sådant bemyndigande med exakt avgränsat tillämpningsområde som av särskilda skäl tagits in i lag, kan det införas sådana tillfälliga undantag från de grundläggande fri- och rättigheterna som är förenliga med Finlands internationella förpliktelser avseende mänskliga rättigheter och som är nödvändiga om Finland blir utsatt för ett väpnat angrepp eller om det råder andra i lag angivna undantagsförhållanden som allvarligt hotar nationen. Grunderna för tillfälliga undantag skall dock bestämmas genom lag.
… (23 §)
Limitations and/or Derogations
Ghana
- English…
(5) The rights, duties, declarations and guarantees relating to the fundamental human rights and freedoms specifically mentioned in this Chapter shall not be regarded as excluding others not specifically mentioned which are considered to be inherent in a democracy and intended to secure the freedom and dignity of man. (Art. 33)
Limitations and/or Derogations
Bolivia, Plurinational State of
- EnglishI. The rights recognized in this Constitution are inviolable, universal, interdependent, indivisible and progressive. The State has the duty to promote, protect and respect them.
II. The rights declared in this Constitution shall not be understood to deny other rights that are not enumerated.
III. The classification of the rights established in this Constitution does not determine any hierarchy or superiority of some rights over others.
IV. International treaties and conventions ratified by the Pluri-National Legislative Assembly (Asamblea Legislativa), which recognize human rights and prohibit their limitation in States of Emergency, prevail over internal law. The rights and duties consecrated in this Constitution shall be interpreted in accordance with the International Human Rights Treaties ratified by Bolivia. (Art. 13) - SpanishI. Los derechos reconocidos por esta Constitución son inviolables, universales, interdependientes, indivisibles y progresivos. El Estado tiene el deber de promoverlos, protegerlos y respetarlos.
II. Los derechos que proclama esta Constitución no serán entendidos como negación de otros derechos no enunciados.
III. La clasificación de los derechos establecida en esta Constitución no determina jerarquía alguna ni superioridad de unos derechos sobre otros.
IV. Los tratados y convenios internacionales ratificados por la Asamblea Legislativa Plurinacional, que reconocen los derechos humanos y que prohíben su limitación en los Estados de Excepción prevalecen en el orden interno. Los derechos y deberes consagrados en esta Constitución se interpretarán de conformidad con los Tratados internacionales de derechos humanos ratificados por Bolivia. (Art. 13)
Limitations and/or Derogations
Lithuania
- EnglishAll persons shall be equal before the law, courts, and other state institutions and officials.
Human rights may not be restricted; no one may be granted any privileges on the grounds of gender, race, nationality, language, origin, social status, belief, convictions, or views. (Art. 29) - LithuanianĮstatymui, teismui ir kitoms valstybės institucijoms ar pareigūnams visi asmenys lygūs.
Žmogaus teisių negalima varžyti ir teikti jam privilegijų dėl jo lyties, rasės, tautybės, kalbos, kilmės, socialinės padėties, tikėjimo, įsitikinimų ar pažiūrų pagrindu. (29 straipsnis)
Limitations and/or Derogations
Liberia
- Englisha. The President may, in consultation with the Speaker of the House of Representatives and the President Pro Tempore of the Senate, proclaim and declare and the existence of a state of emergency in the Republic or any part thereof. Acting pursuant thereto, the President may suspend or affect certain rights, freedoms and guarantees contained in this Constitution and exercise such other emergency powers as may be necessary and appropriate to take care of the emergency, subject, however, to the limitations contained in this Chapter.
b. A state of emergency may be declared only where there is a threat or outbreak of war or where there is civil unrest affecting the existence, security or well-being of the Republic amounting to a clear and present danger. (Art. 86)
Limitations and/or Derogations
Chile
- EnglishBy the declaration of a state of assembly, the President of the Republic is enabled to suspend or restrict personal liberty, the right of assembly and the freedom to work. He can, also, restrict the exercise of the right of association, intercept, open, or record documents and all classes of communications, order [disponer] requisition of assets and establish limitations on the exercise of the right of ownership [propiedad].
By the declaration of a state of siege, the President of the Republic can restrict the freedom of movement and detain [arrestar] persons in their own homes or in places and which the laws determines that are neither jails nor those used for the detention or imprisonment of common criminals. He can also suspend or restrict the exercise of the right of assembly.
By the declaration of a state of catastrophe, the President of the Republic can restrict the freedoms of movement and of assembly. He can, also, order the requisition of assets, establish limitations on the exercise of the right of ownership and adopt all the extraordinary measures of administrative character necessary for the prompt re-establishment of normalcy in the affected zone.
By the declaration of a state of emergency, the President of the Republic can restrict the freedoms of movement and of assembly. (Art. 43) - SpanishPor la declaración del estado de asamblea, el Presidente de la República queda facultado para suspender o restringir la libertad personal, el derecho de reunión y la libertad de trabajo. Podrá, también, restringir el ejercicio del derecho de asociación, interceptar, abrir o registrar documentos y toda clase de comunicaciones, disponer requisiciones de bienes y establecer limitaciones al ejercicio del derecho de propiedad.
Por la declaración de estado de sitio, el Presidente de la República podrá restringir la libertad de locomoción y arrestar a las personas en sus propias moradas o en lugares que la ley determine y que no sean cárceles ni estén destinados a la detención o prisión de reos comunes. Podrá, además, suspender o restringir el ejercicio del derecho de reunión.
Por la declaración del estado de catástrofe, el Presidente de la República podrá restringir las libertades de locomoción y de reunión. Podrá, asimismo, disponer requisiciones de bienes, establecer limitaciones al ejercicio del derecho de propiedad y adoptar todas las medidas extraordinarias de carácter administrativo que sean necesarias para el pronto restablecimiento de la normalidad en la zona afectada.
Por la declaración del estado de emergencia, el Presidente de la República podrá restringir las libertades de locomoción y de reunión. (Art. 43)
Limitations and/or Derogations
Costa Rica
- EnglishIn addition to the other attributions that this Constitution confers on it, it corresponds exclusively to the Legislative Assembly:
…
7. To suspend by a vote of no less than the two-thirds of the totality of its members, in the case of evident public necesity, the individual rights and guarantees written in Articles 22, 23, 24, 26, 28, 29, 30 and 37 of this Constitution. This suspension may be of all or of some rights and guarantees, for the totality or part of the territory, and [for] up to thirty days; during this, and with regard to persons, the Executive Power may only order their detention in establishments not allocated to common inmates, or decree their confinement to inhabited places. It must also give account to the Assembly at its next meeting on the measures taken to safeguard the public order or to maintain the security of the State.
In no case may individual rights and guarantees not written in this paragraph be suspended;
… (Art. 121) - SpanishAdemás de las otras atribuciones que le confiere esta Constitución, corresponde exclusivamente a la Asamblea Legislativa:
…
7) Suspender por votación no menor de los dos tercios de la totalidad de sus miembros, en caso de evidente necesidad pública, los derechos y garantías individuales consignados en los artículos 22, 23, 24, 26, 28, 29, 30 y 37 de esta Constitución. Esta suspensión podrá ser de todos o de algunos derechos y garantías, para la totalidad o parte del territorio, y hasta treinta días; durante ella y respecto de las personas, el Poder Ejecutivo sólo podrá ordenar su detención en establecimientos no destinados a reos comunes o decretar su confinamiento en lugares habitados.
Deberá también dar cuenta a la Asamblea en su próxima reunión de las medidas tomadas para salvar el orden público o mantener la seguridad del Estado. En ningún caso podrán suspenderse derechos o garantías individuales no consignados en este inciso;
… (Art. 121)
Limitations and/or Derogations
Romania
- English(1) The exercise of certain rights or freedoms may only be restricted by law, and only if necessary, as the case may be, for: the defence of national security, of public order, health, or morals, of the citizens' rights and freedoms; conducting a criminal investigation; preventing the consequences of a natural calamity, disaster, or an extremely severe catastrophe.
(2) Such restriction shall only be ordered if necessary in a democratic society. The measure shall be proportional to the situation having caused it, applied without discrimination, and without infringing on the existence of such right or freedom. (Art. 53) - Romanian(1) Exerciţiul unor drepturi sau al unor libertăţi poate fi restrâns numai prin lege şi numai dacă se impune, după caz, pentru: apărarea securităţii naţionale, a ordinii, a sănătăţii ori a moralei publice, a drepturilor şi a libertăţilor cetăţenilor; desfăşurarea instrucţiei penale; prevenirea consecinţelor unei calamităţi naturale, ale unui dezastru ori ale unui sinistru deosebit de grav.
(2) Restrângerea poate fi dispusă numai dacă este necesară într-o societate democratică. Măsura trebuie să fie proporţională cu situaţia care a determinat-o, să fie aplicată în mod nediscriminatoriu şi fără a aduce atingere existenţei dreptului sau a libertăţii. (Art. 53)