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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
Limitations and/or Derogations
- EnglishThe exercise of the rights established in articles 69, 71, 72, 78, 81, 84, 93, 99 and 103 may be suspended in the event of invasion of the national territory, serious disturbance of the peace, an epidemic, or other general disaster, or by the president of the republic in agreement with the Council of Ministers, by means of a decree that shall contain:
1. The reasons justifying the suspension;
2. The guarantee or guarantees that are restricted;
3. The territory to be affected by the restriction; and
4. The duration of the restriction. In addition, Congress shall be convened by the same decree in order that, within a period of thirty days, it may take cognizance of the decree and ratify, modify, or reject it.
In the event that Congress is in session, it shall take immediate cognizance of the decree.
The restriction of guarantees shall not exceed a period of forty-five days for each time it is decreed.
If before the expiration of the period set for the restriction the causes underlying the decree have disappeared, it shall cease to be effective and, in this case, every citizen shall have the right to urge its revision. Upon expiration of the period of forty-five days, the guarantees shall be restored automatically unless a new restriction has been decreed.
Restriction of guarantees decreed shall in no way affect the functioning of the state agencies, whose members shall always enjoy the immunities and privileges granted by law. (Art. 187) - SpanishEl ejercicio de los derechos establecidos en los Artículo 69, 71, 72, 78, 81, 84, 93, 99 y 103, podrán suspenderse en caso de invasión del territorio nacional, perturbación grave de la paz, de epidemia o de cualquier otra calamidad general, por el Presidente de la República, de acuerdo con el Consejo de Ministros, por medio de un Decreto que contendrá:
1. Los motivos que lo justifiquen;
2. La garantía o garantías que se restrinjan;
3. El territorio que afectará la restricción; y,
4. El tiempo que durará ésta. Además se convocará en el mismo decreto al Congreso Nacional para que dentro del plazo de (30) treinta días, conozca de dicho decreto y lo ratifique, modifique o impruebe.
En caso que estuviere reunido, conocerá inmediatamente del decreto.
La restricción de garantías no podrá exceder de un plazo de (45) cuarenta y cinco días por cada vez que se decrete.
Si antes de que venza el plazo señalado para la restricción, hubieren desaparecido las causas que motivaron el decreto, se hará cesar en sus efectos, y en este caso todo ciudadano tiene el derecho para instar su revisión. Vencido el plazo de (45) cuarenta y cinco días, automáticamente quedan restablecidas las garantías, salvo que se hubiere dictado nuevo decreto de restricción.
La restricción de garantías decretada, en modo alguno afectará el funcionamiento de los organismos del Estado, cuyos miembros gozarán siempre de las inmunidades y prerrogativas que les conceda la ley. (Art. 187)
Limitations and/or Derogations
- English
...
2. Issues related to the territorial integrity of the Republic of Albania, limitations of fundamental human rights and freedoms, budget, taxes, financial obligations of the state, declaration and abrogation of the state of emergency, declaration of war and peace, as well as amnesty, may not be voted upon in a referendum.
... (Art. 151) - Albanian
…
2. Çështjet që lidhen me tërësinë territoriale të Republikës së Shqipërisë, me kufizimin e lirive dhe të drejtave themelore të njeriut, me buxhetin, taksat e detyrimet financiare të shtetit, me vendosjen dhe heqjen e gjendjes së jashtëzakonshme, me deklarimin e luftës dhe të paqes dhe me amnistinë nuk mund të shtrohen në asnjë referendum.
… (Neni 151)
Limitations and/or Derogations
- English…
Any constitutional revision having for its object or for [its] effect the reduction of the rights and freedoms of the person or the reduction [of] the prerogatives of the Provinces and the decentralized territorial entities is formally prohibited. (Art. 220) - French…
Est formellement interdite toute révision constitutionnelle ayant pour objet ou pour effet de réduire les droits et libertés de la personne, ou de réduire les prérogatives des provinces et des entités territoriales décentralisées. (Art. 220)
Limitations and/or Derogations
- English
The President of the Republic, with the agreement of the Council of Ministers, may decree, for a determined time period, in all of the national territory or in part of it, and giving account to the Congress or to the Permanent Commission, the states of exception that are contemplated in this Article:
1. [The] state of emergency, in case of disturbance of the peace or of the internal order, of catastrophe or of grave circumstances that affect the life of the Nation. In this eventuality, the exercise of the constitutional rights relative to the freedom and security of persons, the inviolability of the domicile, and the freedom of assembly and of movement in the territory comprehended in paragraphs 9, 11 and 12 of Article 2 and in paragraphs 24, part f in the same Article, may be restricted or suspended. In no circumstances may anyone be banished.
The time period of the state of emergency may not exceed sixty days. Its extension requires [a] new decree. In [a] state of emergency, the Armed Forces assume the control of the domestic order if the President of the Republic so disposes.
2. [The] state of siege, in case of invasion, foreign war or civil war, or imminent danger that such is produced, with mention of those fundamental rights of which the exercise is not restricted or suspended. The corresponding time period may not exceed forty-five days. The state of siege declared, the Congress meets of full right. The extension requires the approval of the Congress. (Art. 137) - Spanish
El Presidente de la República, con acuerdo del Consejo de Ministros, puede decretar, por plazo determinado, en todo el territorio nacional, o en parte de él, y dando cuenta al Congreso o a la Comisión Permanente, los estados de excepción que en este artículo se contemplan:
1. Estado de emergencia, en caso de perturbación de la paz o del orden interno, de catástrofe o de graves circunstancias que afecten la vida de la Nación. En esta eventualidad, puede restringirse o suspenderse el ejercicio de los derechos constitucionales relativos a la libertad y la seguridad personales, la inviolabilidad del domicilio, y la libertad de reunión y de tránsito en el territorio comprendidos en los incisos 9, 11 y 12 del artículo 2° y en el inciso 24, apartado f del mismo artículo. En ninguna circunstancia se puede desterrar a nadie.
El plazo del estado de emergencia no excede de sesenta días. Su prórroga requiere nuevo decreto. En estado de emergencia las Fuerzas Armadas asumen el control del orden interno si así lo dispone el Presidente de la República.
2. Estado de sitio, en caso de invasión, guerra exterior, guerra civil, o peligro inminente de que se produzcan, con mención de los derechos fundamentales cuyo ejercicio no se restringe o suspende. El plazo correspondiente no excede de cuarenta y cinco días. Al decretarse el estado de sitio, el Congreso se reúne de pleno derecho. La prórroga requiere aprobación del Congreso. (Art. 137)
Limitations and/or Derogations
- English(1) A state of emergency may be declared only for the stated reasons, for a fixed period, and in relation to a designated territorial area. Concurrently with its declaration of the state of emergency, the government must specify which rights prescribed in individual statutes shall, in conformity with the Charter of Fundamental Rights and Basic Freedoms, be restricted, and to what extent, and which duties shall be imposed, and to what extent. Detailed provisions shall be laid down by statute.
… (Constitutional Act on the Security of the Czech Republic 1998, Art. 6) - Czech(1) Nouzový stav se může vyhlásit jen s uvedením důvodů na určitou dobu a pro určité území. Současně s vyhlášením nouzového stavu musí vláda vymezit, která práva stanovená ve zvláštním zákoně a v jakém rozsahu se v souladu s Listinou základních práv a svobod omezují a které povinnosti a v jakém rozsahu se ukládají. Podrobnosti stanoví zákon.
… (Ústavní zákon o bezpečnosti České republiky, Čl. 6)
Limitations and/or Derogations
- English(1) Save in so far as it may be authorised to do so by this Constitution, Parliament or any subordinate legislative authority shall not make any law, and the Executive and the agencies of Government shall not take any action which abolishes or abridges the fundamental rights and freedoms conferred by this Chapter, and any law or action in contravention thereof shall to the extent of the contravention be invalid: provided that:
(a) a competent Court, instead of declaring such law or action to be invalid, shall have the power and the discretion in an appropriate case to allow Parliament, any subordinate legislative authority, or the Executive and the agencies of Government, as the case may be, to correct any defect in the impugned law or action within a specified period, subject to such conditions as may be specified by it. In such event and until such correction, or until the expiry of the time limit set by the Court, whichever be the shorter, such impugned law or action shall be deemed to be valid;
(b) any law which was in force immediately before the date of Independence shall remain in force until amended, repealed or declared unconstitutional. If a competent Court is of the opinion that such law is unconstitutional, it may either set aside the law, or allow Parliament to correct any defect in such law, in which event the provisions of Sub-Article (a) hereof shall apply.
... (Art. 25)
Limitations and/or Derogations
- English(1) An Act of the National Assembly may authorise the taking, during any period of public emergency, of measures that are reasonably justifiable for dealing with the situation that exists in The Gambia.
(2) Nothing contained in or done under the authority of such an Act shall be held to be inconsistent with or in contravention of sections 19, 23, 24 (other than subsections (5) to (8) thereof) or 25 of this Constitution to the extent that it is reasonably justifiable in the circumstances arising or existing during a period of public emergency for the purpose for dealing with the situation. (Sec. 35)
Limitations and/or Derogations
- EnglishThe recitation of rights and guarantees contained in this Constitution and in international instruments concerning human rights are not to be understood as negating others inherent to individuals, not expressly mentioned in such recitation. The absence of a law regulating these rights shall not adversely affect the exercise thereof. (Art. 22)
- SpanishLa enunciación de los derechos y garantías contenidos en esta Constitución y en los instrumentos internacionales sobre derechos humanos no debe entenderse como negación de otros que, siendo inherentes a la persona, no figuren expresamente en ellos. La falta de ley reglamentaria de estos derechos no menoscaba el ejercicio de los mismos. (Art. 22)
Limitations and/or Derogations
- English(1) Under a special legal order, the exercise of fundamental rights – with the exception of the fundamental rights provided for in Articles II and III, and Article XXVIII (2) to (6) – may be suspended or may be restricted beyond the extent specified in Article I (3).
(2) Under a special legal order, the application of the Fundamental Law may not be suspended, and the operation of the Constitutional Court may not be restricted.
… (The State, Art. 54) - Hungarian(1) Különleges jogrendben az alapvető jogok gyakorlása – a II. és a III. cikkben, valamint a XXVIII. cikk (2)–(6) bekezdésében megállapított alapvető jogok kivételével – felfüggeszthető vagy az I. cikk (3) bekezdése szerinti mértéken túl korlátozható.
(2) Különleges jogrendben az Alaptörvény alkalmazása nem függeszthető fel, az Alkotmánybíróság működése nem korlátozható.
... (Az Állam, 54. cikk)
Limitations and/or Derogations
- EnglishWhereas every person in Sierra Leone is entitled to the fundamental human rights and freedoms of the individual, that is to say, has the right, whatever his race, tribe, place of origin, political opinion, colour, creed or sex, but subject to respect for the rights and freedoms of others and for the public interest, to each and all of the following—
a. life, liberty, security of person, the enjoyment of property, and the protection of law;
b. freedom of conscience, of expression and of assembly and association;
c. respect for private and family life, and
d. protection from deprivation of property without compensation;
the subsequent provisions of this Chapter3 shall have effect for the purpose of affording protection to the aforesaid rights and freedoms, subject to such limitations of that protection as are contained in those provisions, being limitations designed to ensure that the enjoyment of the said rights and freedoms by any individual does not prejudice the rights and freedoms of others, or the public interest. (Sec. 15)