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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
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Marriage and Family Life
Saint Kitts and Nevis
- English(1) An appeal shall lie from decisions of the Court of Appeal to Her Majesty in Council as of right in the following cases:
…
(b) final decisions in proceedings for dissolution or nullity of marriage;
… (Sec. 99)
Marriage and Family Life
North Macedonia
- EnglishEach citizen is guaranteed the respect and protection of the privacy of his/her personal and family life and of his/her dignity and repute. (Art. 25)
- MacedonianНа секој граѓанин му се гарантира почитување и заштита на приватноста на неговиот личен и семеен живот, на достоинството и угледот. (Член 25)
Marriage and Family Life
Mauritania
- English…
Considering that the liberty, the equality, and the dignity of Man cannot be assured except in a society which consecrates the primacy of law, concerned by creating durable conditions for a harmonious social evolution, respectful of the precepts of Islam, sole source of law and open to the exigencies of the modern world, the Mauritanian people proclaim, in particular, the intangible guarantee of the following rights and principles:
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- the rights attached to the family, basic unit [cellule] of the Islamic society.
… (Preamble) - Arabic...
نظرا إلي أن الحرية و المساواة و كرامة الإنسان يستحيل ضمانها إلا في ظل مجتمع يكرس سيادة القانون، و حرصا منه على خلق الظروف الثابتة لنمو اجتماعي منسجم ، يحترم أحكام الدين الإسلامي ، المصدر الوحيد للقانون ، و يلائم متطلبات العالم الحديث ، يعلن الشعب الموريتاني على وجه الخصوص الضمان الأكيد للحقوق و المبادئ التالية:
...
- الحقوق المتعلّقة بالآسرة كخلية أساسية للمجتمع الإسلامي.
... (الدّيباجة) - French…
Considérant que la liberté, l’égalité et la dignité de l’Homme ne peuvent être assurées que dans une société qui consacre la primauté du droit, soucieux de créer les conditions durables d’une évolution sociale harmonieuse respectueuse des préceptes de l’Islam, seule source de droit, et ouverte aux exigences du monde moderne, le peuple mauritanien proclame, en particulier, la garantie intangible des droits et principes suivants :
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- les droits attachés à la famille, cellule de base de la société islamique.
… (Préambule)
Marriage and Family Life
Myanmar
- EnglishMothers, children and expectant women shall enjoy equal rights as prescribed by law. (Sec. 351)
- Burmeseမိခင်များ၊ ကလေးသူငယ်များနှင့် ကိုယ်ဝန်ဆောင်အမျိုးသမီးများသည် ဥပဒေအရ သတ်မှတ် ထားသော သက်ဆိုင်ရာ အခွင့်အရေးများကို အညီအမျှခံစားခွင့် ရှိစေရမည်။ (ပုဒ်မ-၃၅၁)
Marriage and Family Life
Dominican Republic
- EnglishThe family is the basis of society and the fundamental space for the integral development of people. It is formed by natural or legal ties, by the free decision of a man and a woman to enter into marriage or by the responsible willingness to conform to it.
1. All persons have the right to form a family, in whose formation and development the woman and man enjoy equal rights and duties and owe one another mutual understanding and reciprocal respect.
2. The State shall guarantee the protection of the family. The good of the family in unalienable and unattachable, in accordance with the law.
3. The State shall promote and protect the organization of the family on the basis of the institution of marriage between a man and a woman. The law shall establish the requirements to enter into it, the formalities of its celebration, its personal and patrimonial effects, the causes of separation or dissolution, and the regime of the property, rights, and duties between the spouses.
4. Religious marriages shall have civil effects in terms established by law, without prejudice to that dictated in international treaties.
5. The singular and stable union between a man and a woman, free from matrimonial impediment, that form a real home, creates rights and duties in their personal and patrimonial relationships, in accordance with the law.
6. Maternity, whether the social condition or the civil state of the woman, shall enjoy the protection of the public powers and causes the right to official assistance in the case of need.
7. All persons have the right to have their personality, their own first name, and the surnames of their father and mother recognized, and to know the identities of the same.
8. All persons have the right from their birth to be inscribed without payment in the civil register or in the book of foreigners and to obtain the public documents that prove their identity, in accordance with the law.
9. All sons and daughters are equal under the law, have equal rights and duties, and shall enjoy the same opportunities for social, spiritual, and physical development. All mentions of the nature of parentage are prohibited in the civil registers and in all identity documents.
10. The State promotes responsible paternity and maternity. The father and the mother, even after separation and divorce, have the shared and non-renounceable duty to feed, raise, train, educate, support, and provide safety and assistance to their sons and daughters. The law shall establish the necessary and appropriate methods to guarantee the effect of these obligations.
11. The State recognizes work at home as an economic activity that creates aggregate value and produces social richness and well-being, therefore it shall be incorporated into the formulation and execution of public and social policies.
12. The State shall guarantee, through the law, safe and effective policies for adoption.
… (Art. 55) - SpanishLa familia es el fundamento de la sociedad y el espacio básico para el desarrollo integral de las personas. Se constituye por vínculos naturales o jurídicos, por la decisión libre de un hombre y una mujer de contraer matrimonio o por la voluntad responsable de conformarla.
1) Toda persona tiene derecho a constituir una familia, en cuya formación y desarrollo la mujer y el hombre gozan de iguales derechos y deberes y se deben comprensión mutua y respeto recíproco;
2) El Estado garantizará la protección de la familia. El bien de familia es inalienable e inembargable, de conformidad con la ley;
3) El Estado promoverá y protegerá la organización de la familia sobre la base de la institución del matrimonio entre un hombre y una mujer. La ley establecerá los requisitos para contraerlo, las formalidades para su celebración, sus efectos personales y patrimoniales, las causas de separación o de disolución, el régimen de bienes y los derechos y deberes entre los cónyuges;
4) Los matrimonios religiosos tendrán efectos civiles en los términos que establezca la ley, sin perjuicio de lo dispuesto en los tratados internacionales;
5) La unión singular y estable entre un hombre y una mujer, libres de impedimento matrimonial, que forman un hogar de hecho, genera derechos y deberes en sus relaciones personales y patrimoniales, de conformidad con la ley;
6) La maternidad, sea cual fuere la condición social o el estado civil de la mujer, gozará de la protección de los poderes públicos y genera derecho a la asistencia oficial en caso de desamparo;
7) Toda persona tiene derecho al reconocimiento de su personalidad, a un nombre propio, al apellido del padre y de la madre y a conocer la identidad de los mismos;
8) Todas las personas tienen derecho desde su nacimiento a ser inscritas gratuitamente en el registro civil o en el libro de extranjería y a obtener los documentos públicos que comprueben su identidad, de conformidad con la ley;
9) Todos los hijos son iguales ante la ley, tienen iguales derechos y deberes y disfrutarán de las mismas oportunidades de desarrollo social, espiritual y físico. Se prohíbe toda mención sobre la naturaleza de la filiación en los registros civiles y en todo documento de identidad;
10) El Estado promueve la paternidad y maternidad responsables. El padre y la madre, aun después de la separación y el divorcio, tienen el deber compartido e irrenunciable de alimentar, criar, formar, educar, mantener, dar seguridad y asistir a sus hijos e hijas. La ley establecerá las medidas necesarias y adecuadas para garantizar la efectividad de estas obligaciones;
11) El Estado reconoce el trabajo del hogar como actividad económica que crea valor agregado y produce riqueza y bienestar social, por lo que se incorporará en la formulación y ejecución de las políticas públicas y sociales;
12) El Estado garantizará, mediante ley, políticas seguras y efectivas para la adopción;
… (Art. 55)
Marriage and Family Life
Uruguay
- EnglishParents have the same duties toward children born outside of wedlock as toward children born within it.
Maternity, regardless of the condition or circumstances of the mother, is entitled to the protection of society and to its assistance in case of destitution. (Art. 42) - SpanishLos padres tienen para con los hijos habidos fuera del matrimonio los mismos deberes que respecto a los nacidos en él.
La maternidad, cualquiera sea la condición o estado de la mujer, tiene derecho a la protección de la sociedad y a su asistencia en caso de desamparo. (Art. 42)
Marriage and Family Life
Portugal
- English1. In performing their irreplaceable role in relation to their children, particularly as regards the children's education, fathers and mothers have the right to protection by society and the state, together with the guarantee of their own professional fulfilment and participation in civic life.
2. Motherhood and fatherhood constitute eminent social values.
3. Women have the right to special protection during pregnancy and following childbirth, and working women also have the right to an adequate period of leave from work without loss of remuneration or any privileges.
4. The law shall regulate the attribution to mothers and fathers of rights to an adequate period of leave from work, in accordance with the interests of the child and the needs of the household. (Art. 68) - Portuguese1. Os pais e as mães têm direito à protecção da sociedade e do Estado na realização da sua insubstituível acção em relação aos filhos, nomeadamente quanto à sua educação, com garantia de realização profissional e de participação na vida cívica do país.
2. A maternidade e a paternidade constituem valores sociais eminentes.
3. As mulheres têm direito a especial protecção durante a gravidez e após o parto, tendo as mulheres trabalhadoras ainda direito a dispensa do trabalho por período adequado, sem perda da retribuição ou de quaisquer regalias.
4. A lei regula a atribuição às mães e aos pais de direitos de dispensa de trabalho por período adequado, de acordo com os interesses da criança e as necessidades do agregado familiar. (Art. 68)
Marriage and Family Life
Niger
- EnglishMarriage and family constitute the natural and moral base of the human community. They are placed under the protection of the State.
The State and public collectivities have the duty to see to the physical, mental and moral health of the family, particularly of the mother and of the child. (Art. 21) - FrenchLe mariage et la famille constituent la base naturelle et morale de la communauté humaine. Ils sont placés sous la protection de l’État.
L’État et les collectivités publiques ont le devoir de veiller à la santé physique, mentale et morale de la famille, particulièrement de la mère et de l’enfant. (Art. 21)
Marriage and Family Life
Philippines
- EnglishMarriage, as an inviolable social institution, is the foundation of the family and shall be protected by the State. (Art. XV, Sec. 2)
- FilipinoAng pag-aasawa, na di malalabag ng institusyong panlipunan, ay pundasyon ng pamilya at dapat pangalagaan ng Estado. (Art. XV, Seksyon 2)
Marriage and Family Life
Ecuador
- EnglishMandatory universal insurance shall cover the contingencies of illness, maternity, paternity, labor hazards, termination of employment, unemployment, old age, invalidity, disability, death and those provide for by the law. Health services for the contingencies of illness and maternity shall be provided through the public integral health network.
… (Art. 369) - SpanishEl seguro universal obligatorio cubrirá las contingencias de enfermedad, maternidad, paternidad, riesgos de trabajo, cesantía, desempleo, vejez, invalidez, discapacidad, muerte y aquellas que defina la ley. Las prestaciones de salud de las contingencias de enfermedad y maternidad se brindarán a través de la red pública integral de salud.
… (Art. 369)