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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
Marriage and Family Life
- English
The family benefits from the protection of the State.
The rights of the child are protected by the State and by the family taking into account the superior interest of the child.
The State protects and takes [as a] responsibility abandoned children or [children] without affiliation.
Under penalty of criminal prosecution, parents have the obligation of assuring the education of their children.
Under penalty of criminal prosecution, children have the duty to assure aid and assistance to their parents.
... (Art. 71) - Arabic
تحظى الأسرة بحماية الدولة.
حقوق الطفل محمية من طرف الدولة والأسرة مع مراعاة المصلحة العليا للطفل.
تحمي وتكفل الدولة الأطفال المتخلى عنهم أو مجهولي النسب.
تحت طائلة المتابعات الجزائية، يلزم الأولياء بضمان تربية أبنائهم.
تحت طائلة المتابعات الجزائية، يلزم الأبناء بواجب القيام بالإحسان إلى أوليائهم ومساعدتهم.
... (المــادة 71) - French
La famille bénéficie de la protection de l'Etat.
Les droits de l'enfant sont protégés par l’Etat et par la famille en tenant compte de l’intérêt supérieur de l’enfant.
L'Etat protège et prend en charge les enfants abandonnés ou sans filiation.
Sous peine de poursuites pénales, les parents ont l'obligation d'assurer l'éducation de leurs enfants.
Sous peine de poursuites pénales, les enfants ont le devoir d'assurer aide et assistance à leurs parents.
... (Art. 71)
Marriage and Family Life
- EnglishThe family shall enjoy special protection of the state.
Marriage is a living union between a woman and a man.
Marriage and legal relations in marriage, common-law marriage and the family shall be regulated by law. (Art. 61) - CroatianObitelj je pod osobitom zaštitom države.
Brak je životna zajednica žene i muškarca.
Brak i pravni odnosi u braku, izvanbračnoj zajednici i obitelji uređuju se zakonom. (Članak 61)
Marriage and Family Life
- English…
(2) Subject to the provisions of subsection (5), no law shall make any provision which is discriminatory either of itself or in its effect.
…
(4) In this section, the expression "discrimination" means affording different treatment to different persons attributable wholly or mainly to their respective descriptions by race, colour, gender, language, religion, political or other opinion, national or social origin, property, birth or other status whereby persons of one such description are subjected to disabilities or restrictions to which persons of another such description are not made subject, or are accorded privileges or advantages which are not accorded to persons of another such description.
(5) Subsection (2) shall not apply to any law in so far as that law makes provision—
…
(c) with respect to adoption, marriage, divorce, burial, devolution of property on death or other matters of personal law;
… (Sec. 33)
Marriage and Family Life
- English1. The family is the basic nucleus of social organisation and shall be the object of special protection by the state, whether based on marriage or on a de facto union between a man and a woman.
2. Everyone shall have the right to freely found a family under the terms of the Constitution and the law.
3. Men and women shall be equal within the family, in society and before the state, enjoying the same rights and being responsible for the same duties.
4. The law shall regulate the requirements for, and the effects of, marriage and de facto union, as well their dissolution.
5. Children shall be equal before the law and any discrimination or the use of any discriminatory nomenclature with regard to filiation shall be prohibited.
6. It shall be an absolute priority of the family, the state and society to protect the rights of the child, namely their full and balanced upbringing, health care, education and living conditions.
… (Art. 35) - Portuguese1. A família é o núcleo fundamental da organização da sociedade e é objecto de especial protecção do Estado, quer se funde em casamento, quer em união de facto, entre homem e mulher.
2. Todos têm o direito de livremente constituir família nos termos da Constituição e da lei.
3. O homem e a mulher são iguais no seio da família, da sociedade e do Estado, gozando dos mesmos direitos e cabendo-lhes os mesmos deveres.
4. A lei regula os requisitos e os efeitos do casamento e da união de facto, bem como os da sua dissolução.
5. Os filhos são iguais perante a lei, sendo proibida a sua discriminação e a utilização de qualquer designação discriminatória relativa à filiação.
6. A protecção dos direitos da criança, nomeadamente, a sua educação integral e harmoniosa, a protecção da sua saúde, condições de vida e ensino constituem absoluta prioridade da família, do Estado e da sociedade.
... (Art. 35)
Marriage and Family Life
- EnglishI. The following are the areas of prerogative authority of the central level of the State:
…
21. Substantive and procedural codification in civil, family, criminal, tax, labor, commercial, mining and electoral matters.
… (Art. 298) - SpanishI. Son competencias privativas del nivel central del Estado:
...
21. Codificación sustantiva y adjetiva en materia civil, familiar, penal, tributaria, laboral, comercial, minería y electoral.
... (Art. 298)
Marriage and Family Life
- EnglishThe State recognizes the right of persons to freely and responsibly decide the number and the frequency of the birth of their children, as well as to receive, in coordination with the pertinent organs[,] education, scientific orientation, and adequate services in the matter.
Special plans of reproductive health and maternal-child health [care] for people of scarce resources will be established. (Art. 61) - SpanishEl Estado reconoce el derecho de las personas a decidir libre y responsablemente el número y la frecuencia del nacimiento de sus hijos, así como a recibir, en coordinación con los organismos pertinentes educación, orientación científica y servicios adecuados, en la materia.
Se establecerán planes especiales de salud reproductiva y salud materno infantil para la población de escasos recursos. (Art. 61)
Marriage and Family Life
- English1. Every person’s home is a sanctuary. The private and family life of the individual is inviolable.
… (Art. 9) - Greek1. H κατοικία του καθενός είναι άσυλο. H ιδιωτική και οικογενειακή ζωή του ατόμου είναι απαραβίαστη.
… ('Αρθρο 9)
Marriage and Family Life
- English...
(5) The jurisdiction of a Kadhis’ court shall be limited to the determination of questions of Muslim law relating to personal status, marriage, divorce or inheritance in proceedings in which all the parties profess the Muslim religion and submit to the jurisdiction of the Kadhi’s courts. (Art. 170) - Swahili...
(5) Mamlaka ya Mahakama ya Kadhi yatakuwa na mipaka itakayoishia katika kuamua shauri la sheria ya Kiisilamu inayohusiana na hadhi binafsi, ndoa, talaka au urithi katika kesi ambazo kwazo pande zote ni waumini wa dini ya Kiislamu na wanaitii mamlaka ya mahakama za Kadhi. (Kifungu cha 170)
Marriage and Family Life
- EnglishThe family is the fundamental nucleus of society. It is constituted by natural or juridical ties, through the free decision of a man and woman to contract matrimony or through the responsible will to conform to it.
The State and the society guarantee the complete protection of the family. The law may determine the family patrimony [to be] inalienable and unseizable.
The honor, dignity, and intimacy of the family are inviolable.
Family relations are based on the equality of rights and duties of the couple and on the reciprocal respect among all its members.
Any form of violence in the family is considered destructive of its harmony and unity, and will be sanctioned according to the law.
The children born in matrimony or outside it, adopted or conceived naturally or with scientific assistance, have equal rights and duties.
The law will regulate responsible progeniture.
The couple has the right to decide freely and responsibly the number of their children and must support them and educate them while they are minors or disabled.
The forms of matrimony, the age and capacity to contract it, the duties and rights of the spouses, their separation and the dissolution of the tie are determined by the civil law.
Religious marriages will have civil effects in the terms established by the law.
The civil effects of all marriages may cease by divorce in accordance with the civil law.
Sentences of annulment of religious marriages issued by the authorities of the respective religion, will also have civil effects within the limits established by the law.
The law will determine [that] relative to the civil status of persons and the consequent rights and duties. (Art. 42) - SpanishLa familia es el núcleo fundamental de la sociedad. Se constituye por vínculos naturales o jurídicos, por la decisión libre de un hombre y una mujer de contraer matrimonio o por la voluntad responsable de conformarla.
El Estado y la sociedad garantizan la protección integral de la familia. La ley podrá determinar el patrimonio familiar inalienable e inembargable.
La honra, la dignidad y la intimidad de la familia son inviolables.
Las relaciones familiares se basan en la igualdad de derechos y deberes de la pareja y en el respeto recíproco entre todos sus integrantes.
Cualquier forma de violencia en la familia se considera destructiva de su armonía y unidad, y será sancionada conforme a la ley.
Los hijos habidos en el matrimonio o fuera de él, adoptados o procreados naturalmente o con asistencia científica, tienen iguales derechos y deberes. La ley reglamentará la progenitura responsable.
La pareja tiene derecho a decidir libre y responsablemente el número de sus hijos, y deberá sostenerlos y educarlos mientras sean menores o impedidos.
Las formas del matrimonio, la edad y capacidad para contraerlo, los deberes y derechos de los cónyuges, su separación y la disolución del vínculo, se rigen por la ley civil.
Los matrimonios religiosos tendrán efectos civiles en los términos que establezca la ley.
Los efectos civiles de todo matrimonio cesarán por divorcio con arreglo a la ley civil.
También tendrán efectos civiles las sentencias de nulidad de los matrimonios religiosos dictadas por las autoridades de la respectiva religión, en los términos que establezca la ley.
La ley determinará lo relativo al estado civil de las personas y los consiguientes derechos y deberes. (Art. 42)
Marriage and Family Life
- English(1) An appeal shall lie from decisions of the Court of Appeal to Her Majesty in Council as of right in the following cases—
…
(b) final decisions in proceedings for dissolution or nullity of marriage;
… (Sec. 108)