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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
Minorities
- English…
2. Members of the House shall be elected from candidates in each electoral district by a plurality of the votes cast. Provisions shall be made by law for special representation for minority Nationalities and Peoples.
3. Members of the House, on the basis of population and special representation of minority Nationalities and Peoples, shall not exceed 550; of these, minority Nationalities and Peoples shall have at least 20 seats. Particulars shall be determined by law.
… (Art. 54) - Amharic…
2. የምክር ቤቱ አባላት በአንድ የምርጫ ክልል ውስጥ ከሌሎች ተወዳዳሪዎች መካከል አብላጫ ድምጽ ያገኘ ተወዳዳሪ አሸናፊ በሚሆንበት የምርጫ ሥርዓት ይመረጣሉ፡፡ የተለየ ውክልና ያሰፈልጋቸዋል ተብሎ የታመነባቸው አናሳ ብሔረሰቦች እና ሕዝቦች በምርጫ የሕዝብ ተወካዮች ምክር ቤት አባል ይሆናሉ፡፡ ዝርዝሩ በሕግ ይወሰናል፡፡
3. የምክር ቤቱ አባላት ቁጥር የሕዝብ ብዛትንና በልዩ ትኩረት ውክልና የሚሰጣቸው አናሳ ብሔረሰቦችና ሕዝቦችን ቁጥር መሰረት በማድረግ 550 የማይበልጥ ሆኖ ከዚህ ውስጥ አናሳ ብሔረሰቦች 20 የማያንስ መቀመጫ ይኖራቸዋል፡፡ ዝርዝሩ በሕግ ይደነግጋል፡፡
… (አንቀጽ 54)
Minorities
- English…
(2) A Municipal Assembly under clause (1) shall consist of the Mayor and the Deputy Mayor of the Municipal Executive, Ward Chairpersons, and four members elected from each Ward and members of the Municipal Executive elected from Dalit or minority communities pursuant to clause (4) of Article 216.
… (Art. 223) - Nepali…
(२) उपधारा (१) बमोजिमको नगर सभामा नगरकार्यपालिकाका प्रमुख र उपप्रमुख, वडा अध्यक्ष र प्रत्येक वडाबाट निर्वाचित चारजना सदस्य र धारा २१६ को उपधारा (४) बमोजिम दलित वा अल्पसंख्यक समुदायबाट निर्वाचित नगर कार्यपालिकाका सदस्य रहनेछन् ।
… (धारा २२३)
Minorities
- English(1) The following state institutions strengthen constitutional democracy in the Republic:
…
(c) The Commission for the Promotion and Protection of the Rights of Cultural, Religious and Linguistic Communities.
… (Sec. 181)
Minorities
- EnglishThe Legislature shall by law make provision for regulating Muslim religious affairs and for constituting a Council to advise the President in matters relating to the Muslim religion. (Art. 153)
Minorities
- EnglishThe law will regulate the exercise of suffrage in accordance with the following principles:
…
6. Guarantees of representation for the minorities;
… (Art. 95) - SpanishLa ley regulará el ejercicio del sufragio de acuerdo con los siguientes principios:
…
6) Garantías de representación para las minorías.
… (Art. 95)
Minorities
- English
Everyone shall have the right to maintain his national identity and no one shall be compelled to determine and declare his national identity.
Insult to national dignity is punishable under the law.
Everyone shall have the right to use his or her mother tongue and choose the language of communication. The state shall guarantee, in accordance with the law, the freedom to choose the language of upbringing and education. (Art. 50) - Belarusian
Кожны мае права захоўваць сваю нацыянальную прыналежнасць, таксама як ніхто не можа быць прымушаны да вызначэння і ўказання нацыянальнай прыналежнасці.
Знявага нацыянальнай годнасці караецца згодна з законам.
Кожны мае права карыстацца роднай мовай, выбіраць мову зносін. Дзяржава гарантуе ў адпаведнасці з законам свабоду выбару мовы выхавання і навучання. (Артыкул 50) - Russian
Каждый имеет право сохранять свою национальную принадлежность, равно как никто не может быть принужден к определению и указанию национальной принадлежности.
Оскорбление национального достоинства преследуется согласно закону.
Каждый имеет право пользоваться родным языком, выбирать язык общения. Государство гарантирует в соответствии с законом свободу выбора языка воспитания и обучения. (Статья 50)
Minorities
- EnglishCitizens of all nationalities have the right to use the spoken and written languages of their own nationalities in court proceedings. The people's courts and people's procuratorates should provide translation for any party to the court proceedings who is not familiar with the spoken or written languages in common use in the locality.
In an area where people of a minority nationality live in a compact community or where a number of nationalities live together, hearings should be conducted in the language or languages in common use in the locality; indictments, judgments, notices and other documents should be written, according to actual needs, in the language or languages in common use in the locality. (Art. 139) - Chinese各民族公民都有用本民族语言文字进行诉讼的权利。人民法院和人民检察院对于不通晓当地通用的语言文字的诉讼参与人,应当为他们翻译。
在少数民族聚居或者多民族共同居住的地区,应当用当地通用的语言进行审理;起诉书、判决书、布告和其他文书应当根据实际需要使用当地通用的一种或者几种文字。 (第一百三十九条)
Minorities
- English
(1) National minorities living in Hungary shall be constituent parts of the State. Every Hungarian citizen belonging to a national minority shall have the right to freely express and preserve his or her identity. National minorities living in Hungary shall have the right to use their mother tongue, to use names in their own languages individually and collectively, to nurture their own cultures, and to receive education in their mother tongues.
(2) National minorities living in Hungary shall have the right to establish their self-government at both local and national level.
(3) The detailed rules relating to the rights of national minorities living in Hungary, the national minorities, the requirements for recognition as a national minority, and the rules for the election of the self-governments of national minorities at local and national level shall be laid down in a cardinal Act. A cardinal Act may provide that recognition as a national minority shall be subject to a certain length of time of presence and to the initiative of a certain number of persons declaring to be members of the national minority concerned. (Freedom and Responsibility, Art. XXIX) - Hungarian
(1) A Magyarországon élő nemzetiségek államalkotó tényezők. Minden, valamely nemzetiséghez tartozó magyar állampolgárnak joga van önazonossága szabad vállalásához és megőrzéséhez. A Magyarországon élő nemzetiségeknek joguk van az anyanyelvhasználathoz, a saját nyelven való egyéni és közösségi névhasználathoz, saját kultúrájuk ápolásához és az anyanyelvű oktatáshoz.
(2) A Magyarországon élő nemzetiségek helyi és országos önkormányzatokat hozhatnak létre.
(3) A Magyarországon élő nemzetiségek jogaira vonatkozó részletes szabályokat, a nemzetiségeket és a nemzetiségként való elismerés feltételeit, valamint a helyi és országos nemzetiségi önkormányzatok megválasztásának szabályait sarkalatos törvény határozza meg. Sarkalatos törvény a nemzetiségként való elismerést meghatározott idejű honossághoz és meghatározott számú, magát az adott nemzetiséghez tartozónak valló személy kezdeményezéséhez kötheti. (Szabadság és Felelősség, XXIX. cikk)
Minorities
- English1. The Republic of Poland shall ensure Polish citizens belonging to national or ethnic minorities the freedom to maintain and develop their own language, to maintain customs and traditions, and to develop their own culture.
2. National and ethnic minorities shall have the right to establish educational and cultural institutions, institutions designed to protect religious identity, as well as to participate in the resolution of matters connected with their cultural identity. (Art. 35) - Polish1. Rzeczpospolita Polska zapewnia obywatelom polskim należącym do mniejszości narodowych i etnicznych wolność zachowania i rozwoju własnego języka, zachowania obyczajów i tradycji oraz rozwoju własnej kultury.
2. Mniejszości narodowe i etniczne mają prawo do tworzenia własnych instytucji edukacyjnych, kulturalnych i instytucji służących ochronie tożsamości religijnej oraz do uczestnictwa w rozstrzyganiu spraw dotyczących ich tożsamości kulturowej. (Art. 35)
Minorities
- EnglishMembers of national minorities shall have the right to participate in administering public affairs and assume public positions, under the same conditions as other citizens.
When taking up employment in state bodies, public services, bodies of autonomous province and local self-government units, the ethnic structure of population and appropriate representation of members of national minorities shall be taken into consideration. (Art. 77) - Serbian CyrillicПрипадници националних мањина имају, под истим условима као остали грађани, право да учествују у управљању јавним пословима и да ступају на јавне функције.
При запошљавању у државним органима, јавним службама, органима аутономне покрајине и јединица локалне самоуправе води се рачуна о националном саставу становништва и одговарајућој заступљености припадника националних мањина. (Члан 77)