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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
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Participation in Public Life and Institutions
Burundi
- EnglishAll Burundians are equal in merits and in dignity. All citizens enjoy the same rights and have right to the same protection of the law. No Burundian may be excluded from the social, economical or political life of the nation because of their race, of their language, of their religion, of their sex or of their ethnic origin. (Art. 13)
- KirundiAbarundi bose baranganya iteka n’ivyo bakwiye kuronka. Abanyagihugu bose baranganya amateka kandi amabwirizwa abakingira kumwe. Nta murundi n’umwe azokumirwa mu vyerekeye imibano, ubutunzi canke intwaro y’igihugu kubera ibara ry’urukoba, ururimi, idini, igitsina canke ubwoko vyiwe. (Ingingo ya 13)
- FrenchTous les burundais sont égaux en mérite et en dignité. Tous les citoyens jouissent des mêmes droits et ont droit à la même protection de la loi. Aucun burundais ne sera exclu de la vie sociale, économique ou politique de la nation du fait de sa race, de sa langue, de sa religion, de son sexe ou de son origine ethnique. (Art. 13)
Participation in Public Life and Institutions
Bolivia, Plurinational State of
- EnglishThe duties of Bolivians are:
…
12. To serve in the military, which is obligatory for boys.
… (Art. 108) - SpanishSon deberes de las bolivianas y los bolivianos:
...
12. Prestar el servicio militar, obligatorio para los varones.
... (Art. 108)
Participation in Public Life and Institutions
Pakistan
- English(1) No citizen otherwise qualified for appointment in the service of Pakistan shall be discriminated against in respect of any such appointment on the ground only of race, religion, caste, sex, residence or place of birth:
Provided that, for a period not exceeding [forty years] from the commencing day, posts may be reserved for persons belonging to any class or area to secure their adequate representation in the service of Pakistan:
Provided further that, in the interest of the said service, specified posts or services may be reserved for members of either sex if such posts or services entail the performance of duties and functions which cannot be adequately performed by members of the other sex[:]
[Provided also that under-representation of any class or area in the service of Pakistan may be redressed in such manner as may be determined by an Act of Majlis-e-Shoora (Parliament)].
… (Art. 27) - Urdu(ا) کسی شہری کے ساتھ جو بہ اعتبار دیگر پاکستان کی ملازمت میں تقرر کا اہل ہو، کسی ایسے تقرر کے سلسلے میں محض نسل، مذہب، ذات، جنس، سکونت یا مقام پیدائش کی بنا پر امتیاز روا نہیں رکھا جائے گا:
مگر شرط یہ ہے کہ یوم آغاز سے زیادہ سے زیادہ [چالیس] سال کی مدت تک کسی طبقے یا علاقے کے لوگوں کے لیے آسامیاں محفوظ کی جا سکیں گی تا کہ پاکستان کی ملازمت میں ان کو مناسب نمائندگی حاصل ہو جائے:
مزید شرط یہ ہے کہ مذکورہ ملازمت کے مفاد میں مصرحہ آسامیاں یا ملازمتیں کسی ایک جنس کے افراد کے لیے محفوظ کی جا سکیں گی اگر مذکورہ آسامیوں یا ملازمتوں میں ایسے فرائض اور کارہائے منصبی کی انجام دہی درکار ہو جو دوسری جنس کے افراد کی جانب سے مناسب طور پر انجام نہ دیے جا سکتے ہوں۔[:]
[مگر شرط یہ بھی ہے کہ پاکستان کی ملازمت میں کسی بھی طبقے یا علاقے کی کم نمائندگی کی مذکورہ طریقہ کار پر تلافی کی جائے گی جیسا مجلسِ شوریٰ (پارلیمنٹ) کے کسی ایکٹ کے ذریعے تعین کیا جا سکے]۔
… (آرٹیکل ۲۷)
Participation in Public Life and Institutions
Chad
- EnglishThe access to public employment is guaranteed to every Chadian without discrimination whatever, under reserve of the specific [propres] conditions of each job [emplois].
Each public agent signs[,] on taking service[,] an ethical commitment. (Art. 33) - Arabicتولّي الوظائف العامة مضمون لكل تشادي دون أي تمييز في ظل الشروط الخاصة بكل وظيفة.
يوقع كل موظف عام عند تولي الخدمة على التزام أخلاقي. المادة (33) - FrenchL'accès aux emplois publics est garanti à tout Tchadien sans discrimination aucune, sous réserve des conditions propres à chaque emploi.
Chaque agent public signe à la prise de service un engagement déontologique. (Art. 33)
Participation in Public Life and Institutions
Dominican Republic
- EnglishThe fundamental rights recognized in this Constitution determine the existence of an order of judicial and moral responsibility that rules the conduct of men and women in society. Consequently, the following are declared as fundamental duties of people:
…
4. To lend services for development, required of male and female Dominicans between the ages of sixteen and twenty-one years. These services may be lent voluntarily by those older than twenty-one years. The law shall regulate these services.
… (Art. 75) - SpanishLos derechos fundamentales reconocidos en esta Constitución determinan la existencia de un orden de responsabilidad jurídica y moral, que obliga la conducta del hombre y la mujer en sociedad. En consecuencia, se declaran como deberes fundamentales de las personas los siguientes:
…
4) Prestar servicios para el desarrollo, exigible a los dominicanos y dominicanas de edades comprendidas entre los dieciséis y veintiún años. Estos servicios podrán ser prestados voluntariamente por los mayores de veintiún años. La ley reglamentará estos servicios;
… (Art. 75)
Participation in Public Life and Institutions
Syrian Arab Republic
- EnglishThe state shall provide women with all opportunities enabling them to effectively and fully contribute to the political, economic, social and cultural life, and the state shall work on removing the restrictions that prevent their development and participation in building society. (Art. 23)
- Arabicتوفّر الدولة للمرأة جميع الفرص التي تتيح لها المساهمة الفعالة والكاملة في الحياة السياسية والإقتصادية والإجتماعية والثقافية، وتعمل على إزالة القيود التي تمنع تطورها ومشاركتها في بناء المجتمع. (المادّة 23)
Participation in Public Life and Institutions
Equatorial Guinea
- English1. Every citizen enjoys the following rights and freedoms:
…
c) To equality before the law. The woman, whatever her civil status may be, has equal rights and opportunities as the man in all the orders of public, private, and family life, [and] in civil, political, economic, social, and cultural [life].
…
2. Concerning the basis of the principle of equality of the woman before the law, the public powers shall adopt legal initiatives and mechanisms to favor the adequate representation and participation of the woman in the provision of the offices [cargos] and other functions in all the institutions of the State.
… (Art. 13) - Spanish1. Todo ciudadano goza de los siguientes derechos y libertades:
…
c) A la igualdad ante la ley. La mujer, cualquiera que sea su estado civil, tiene iguales derechos y oportunidades que el hombre en todos los órdenes de la vida pública, privada y familiar, en lo civil, político, económico, social y cultural.
…
2. Sobre la base del principio de la igualdad de la mujer ante la ley, los poderes públicos adoptarán iniciativas legales y mecanismos para favorecer la adecuada representación y participación de la Mujer en el desempeño de los cargos y demás funciones en todas las Instituciones del Estado.
… (Art. 13) - French1. Tout citoyen jouit des droits et libertés qui suivent:
…
c) L'égalité devant la loi. La femme, quel que soit son état civil, a les mêmes droits et possibilités que l'homme dans tous les domaines de la vie publique, privée et familiale, que ce soit sur le plan civil, politique, économique, social ou culturel.
…
2. Conformément au principe d'égalité des femmes devant la loi, les pouvoirs publics prendront des initiatives en vue de l'adoption de lois et de mécanismes favorisant la représentation et participation adéquates des femmes dans l'exercice des charges et autres fonctions à l'intérieur de l'ensemble des institutions de l'État.
… (Art. 13)
Participation in Public Life and Institutions
Guyana
- EnglishWE, THE GUYANESE PEOPLE,
… proclaim this Constitution in order to:
…
Forge a system of governance that promotes concerted effort and broad-based participation in national decision-making in order to develop a viable economy and a harmonious community based on democratic values, social justice, fundamental human rights, and the rule of law;
… (Preamble)
Participation in Public Life and Institutions
Uzbekistan
- English
Citizens of the Republic of Uzbekistan shall have the equal rights to access civil service.
… (Art. 37) - Uzbek
O‘zbekiston Respublikasining fuqarolari davlat xizmatiga kirishda teng huquqqa egadirlar.
… (37-modda)
Participation in Public Life and Institutions
Ghana
- English…
(2) The State shall enact appropriate laws to assure—
(a) the enjoyment of rights of effective participation in development processes including rights of people to form their own associations free from state interference and to use them to promote and protect their interests in relation to development processes, rights of access to agencies and officials of the State necessary in order to realise effective participation in development processes; freedom to form organizations to engage in self-help and income generating projects; and freedom to raise funds to support those activities;
… (Art. 37)