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Political Parties
Angola
- English1. Within the framework of the Constitution and the law, political parties shall compete on the basis of a project for society and a political programme for the organisation and expression of the will of citizens, participating in political life and universal suffrage by democratic and peaceful means and respecting the principles of national independence, national unity and political democracy.
2. The constitution and functioning of political parties must, in accordance with law, respect the following fundamental principles:
a) National character and scope;
b) Free constitution;
c) The public pursuance of aims;
d) Freedom of affiliation and single affiliation;
e) The use of peaceful means only to pursue aims and a ban on the creation or use of military, paramilitary or militarised organisations;
f) Democratic organization and functioning;
g) Minimum representation, as established by law;
h) A ban on receiving monetary and economic contributions from foreign governments and government institutions;
i) The rendering of accounts for the use of public funds.
3. Through their objectives, programmes and activities, political parties must contribute towards:
a) The consolidation of the Angolan nation and national independence;
b) Safeguarding territorial integrity;
c) Reinforcing national unity;
d) The defence of national sovereignty and democracy;
e) The protection of fundamental freedoms and human rights;
f) The defence of the republican nature of the government and the secular nature of the state.
4. Political parties shall be entitled to equal treatment by entities exercising political power, impartial treatment by the state press and the right to exercise democratic opposition, under the terms of the Constitution and the law. (Art. 17) - Portuguese1. Os partidos políticos, no quadro da presente Constituição e da lei, concorrem, em torno de um projecto de sociedade e de programa político, para a organização e para a expressão da vontade dos cidadãos, participando na vida política e na expressão do sufrágio universal, por meios democráticos e pacíficos, com respeito pelos princípios da independência nacional, da unidade nacional e da democracia política.
2. A constituição e o funcionamento dos partidos políticos devem, nos termos da lei, respeitar os seguintes princípios fundamentais:
a) Carácter e âmbito nacionais;
b) Livre constituição;
c) Prossecução pública dos fins;
d) Liberdade de filiação e filiação única;
e) Utilização exclusiva de meios pacíficos na prossecução dos seus fins e interdição da criação ou utilização de organização militar, paramilitar ou militarizada;
f) Organização e funcionamento democráticos;
g) Representatividade mínima fixada por lei;
h) Proibição de recebimento de contribuições de valor pecuniário e económico, provenientes de governos ou de instituições governamentais estrangeiros;
i) Prestação de contas do uso de fundos públicos.
3. Os partidos políticos devem, nos seus objectivos, programa e prática, contribuir para:
a) A consolidação da nação angolana e da independência nacional;
b) A salvaguarda da integridade territorial;
c) O reforço da unidade nacional;
d) A defesa da soberania nacional e da democracia;
e) A protecção das liberdades fundamentais e dos direitos da pessoa humana;
f) A defesa da forma republicana de governo e do carácter laico do Estado.
4. Os partidos políticos têm direito a igualdade de tratamento por parte das entidades que exercem o poder público, direito a um tratamento imparcial da imprensa pública e direito de oposição democrática, nos termos da Constituição e da lei. (Art. 17)
Political Parties
Comoros
- EnglishThe political Parties and groups concur in the exercise of suffrage, as well as in the civic and political instruction [formation] of the people. They form and exercise their activities freely in accordance with the law.
They must respect the national unity, sovereignty and the inviolability [intangibilité] of the frontiers, such as they are internationally recognized, as well as the principles of democracy.
The constitution of insular political parties, regional or local or having a paramilitary character or [having] recourse to subversive methods, is prohibited.
The law determines the juridical status of the political parties and regulates the benefits that may be grated to them by the State. (Art. 35) - Arabicتوافق الأحزاب والمجموعات السياسية على ممارسة الاقتراع، إلى جانب التوجيه المدني والسياسي للشعب. تشكل وتمارس أنشطتها بحرية وفقاً للقانون.
ويترتب عليها احترام الوحدة الوطنية وسيادة وحرمة الحدود كما هو معترف بها دولياً، إلى جانب مبادئ الديمقراطية. يحظر إنشاء أحزاب سياسية جزيرية إقليمية أو محلية أو ذات طابع شبه عسكري أو تلجأ إلى أساليب هدامة.
يحدد القانون المركز القانوني للأحزاب السياسية وينظم المزايا الممنوحة لها من الدولة. (المادة 35) - FrenchLes Partis et groupements politiques concourent à l’expression du suffrage, ainsi qu’à la formation civique et politique du peuple. Ils se forment et exercent librement leurs activités conformément à la loi.
Ils doivent respecter l’unité nationale, la souveraineté et l’intangibilité des frontières, telles qu’internationalement reconnues, ainsi que les principes de la démocratie.
Est interdite la constitution de partis politiques insulaires, régionaux ou locaux ou ayant un caractère paramilitaire ou recourant à des moyens subversifs.
La loi détermine le statut juridique des partis politiques et réglemente les avantages qui peuvent leur être accordés par l'État. (Art. 35)
Political Parties
Gambia
- English(1) No association, other than a political party registered under or pursuant to an Act of the National assembly, shall sponsor candidates public elections.
(2) No association shall be registered or remain registered as a political party if-
(a) it is formed or organised on an ethnic, sectional, religious or regional basis;
(b) its internal organisation does not conform with democratic principles; or
(c) its purpose if to subvert this constitution or the rule of law.
(3) An Act of the National Assembly shall make provisions for the better implementation of this section. (Sec. 60)
Political Parties
Mozambique
- English1. In deep respect for national unity and democratic values, political parties shall be bound by the principles enshrined in the Constitution and in the law.
2. In their formation and in the realisation of their objectives, political parties shall, in particular:
a.be national in scope;
b. defend national interests;
c. contribute to the formation of public opinion, particularly on major national issues;
d. strengthen the patriotic spirit of citizens and the consolidation of the Mozambican Nation.
3. Parties shall contribute towards peace and stability in the country through the political and civic education of citizens.
4. The formation, structure and operation of parties shall be regulated by law. (Art. 75) - Portuguese1. No profundo respeito pela unidade nacional e pelos valores democráticos, os partidos políticos são vinculados aos princípios consagrados na Constituição e na lei.
2. Na sua formação e na realização dos seus objectivos os partidos políticos devem, nomeadamente:
a) ter âmbito nacional;
b) defender os interesses nacionais;
c) contribuir para a formação da opinião pública, em particular sobre as grandes questões nacionais;
d) reforçar o espírito patriótico dos cidadãos e a consolidação da Nação moçambicana.
3. Os partidos políticos devem contribuir, através da educação política e cívica dos cidadãos, para a paz e estabilidade do país.
4. A formação, a estrutura e o funcionamento dos partidos políticos regem-se por lei. (Art. 75)
Political Parties
Somalia
- EnglishThe regulations concerning political parties, their registration, elections at the Federal Government level and the National Independent Electoral Commission shall be defined in special laws enacted by the House of the People of the Federal Parliament of Somalia (Art. 47)
- SomaliShuruucda ku saabsan Xisbiyada, Diiwaangelintooda, Doorashooyinka heerka dowladda federaalka ah iyo Guddiga Qaranka ee Madaxbanaan ee Doorashooyinka, waxaa lagu qeexi doonaa shuruuc gaar ah oo uu soo saaro Golaha Shacabka ee Baarlamaanka Federaalka Soomaaliya. (Qodobka 47aad.)
Political Parties
Myanmar
- EnglishA political party shall:
(a) set the objective of non-disintegration of the Union, non-disintegration of national solidarity and perpetuation of sovereignty;
(b) be loyal to the State. (Sec. 404) - Burmeseနိုင်ငံရေးပါတီတစ်ရပ်သည် -
(က) ပြည်ထောင်စုမပြိုကွဲရေး၊ တိုင်းရင်းသားစည်းလုံး ညီညွတ်မှု မပြိုကွဲရေးနှင့် အချုပ်အခြာအာဏာတည်တံ့ခိုင်မြဲရေးတို့ကို ဦးတည်ချက်ထားရှိရမည်၊
(ခ) နိုင်ငံတော်၏ကျေးဇူးသစ္စာကို စောင့်သိရိုသေရမည်။ (ပုဒ်မ-၄၀၄)
Political Parties
Zambia
- English1. A political party has the right to—
a. disseminate information on social and economic programmes of a national character and of its political ideology;
b. sponsor candidates for election or nomination to a State office in respect of which elections are required to be held; and
c. conduct primary elections for the selection of candidates.
2. A political party shall—
a. promote the values and principles specified in this Constitution;
b. have a national character;
c. promote and uphold national unity;
d. promote and practice democracy through regular, free and fair elections within the party;
e. respect the right of its members to participate in the affairs of the political party;
f. respect the right of its members to seek redress from a court or tribunal when aggrieved by a decision of the political party; and
g. subscribe to and observe the code of conduct for political parties, as prescribed.
3. A political party shall not—
a. be founded on a religious, linguistic, racial, ethnic, tribal, gender, sectoral or provincial basis or engage in propaganda based on any of these factors;
b. engage in or encourage violence or intimidate its members, supporters, opponents or other persons;
c. engage in corrupt practices; and
d. except as prescribed, use public resources to promote its interest or that of its members.
4. The following shall be prescribed with regard to political parties:
a. the establishment and management of a Political Parties’ Fund to provide financial support to political parties with seats in the National Assembly;
b. the accounts of political parties which are funded under the Political Parties’ Fund and the submission of audited accounts by political parties;
c. the sources of funds for political parties;
d. the maximum amount of money to be used for campaigns during elections; and
e. matters incidental to matters specified in this clause. (Art. 60)
Political Parties
Thailand
- EnglishNational reform in various areas shall be carried out to at least achieve the following results:
a. Politics:
...
2. ensuring that activities of political parties are organised in an open and transparent manner to enable political parties to develop into political institutions of the people who share a common political ideology, and have clear and concrete processes to ensure that members of the political party truly participate and are accountable for political activities and the selection of persons with knowledge, competence, integrity and good morality and ethics to be persons holding political positions;
3. having a mechanism to determine accountability of a political party for promoting policies that have not been subjected to a thorough assessment of impact, cost effectiveness and risk;
... (Sec. 258) - Thaiให้ดําเนินการปฏิรูปประเทศอย่างน้อยในด้านต่างๆ ดังต่อไปนี้
ก. ด้านการเมือง
…
(๒) ให้การดําเนินกิจกรรมของพรรคการเมืองเป็นไปโดยเปิดเผยและตรวจสอบได้ เพื่อให้พรรคการเมืองพัฒนาเป็นสถาบันทางการเมืองของประชาชนที่มีอุดมการณ์ทางการเมืองร่วมกัน มีกระบวนการ ให้สมาชิกพรรคการเมืองมีส่วนร่วมและมีความรับผิดชอบอย่างแท้จริงในการดําเนินกิจกรรมทางการเมือง และการคัดเลือกผู้มีความรู้ความสามารถ ซื่อสัตย์สุจริต และมีคุณธรรมจริยธรรมเข้ามาเป็นผู้ดํารงตําแหน่งทางการเมือง ที่ชัดเจนและเป็นรูปธรรม
(๓) มีกลไกที่กำหนดความรับผิดชอบของพรรคการเมืองในการประกาศโฆษณานโยบายที่มิได้ประเมินผลกระทบ ความคุ้มค่า และความเสี่ยงอย่างรอบด้าน
... (มาตรา ๒๕๘)
Political Parties
Ecuador
- EnglishPolitical parties and movements shall be funded by membership dues paid by their members and followers, and as long as they meet the requirements stipulated by law, the political parties shall receive State allocations subject to monitoring.
The political movement that, on two successive multi-person elections, obtains at least five percent (5%) of all valid votes nationwide, shall acquire the same rights and must meet the same obligations as political parties. (Art. 110) - SpanishLos partidos y movimientos políticos se financiarán con los aportes de sus afiliadas, afiliados y simpatizantes, y en la medida en que cumplan con los requisitos que establezca la ley, los partidos políticos recibirán asignaciones del Estado sujetas a control.
El movimiento político que en dos elecciones pluripersonales sucesivas obtenga al menos el cinco por ciento de votos válidos a nivel nacional, adquirirá iguales derechos y deberá cumplir las mismas obligaciones que los partidos políticos. (Art. 110)
Political Parties
Türkiye
- EnglishThe activities, internal regulations and operation of political parties shall be in line with democratic principles. The application of these principles is regulated by law.
Political parties shall not engage in commercial activities.
The income and expenditure of political parties shall be consistent with their objectives. The application of this rule is regulated by law. The auditing of acquisitions, revenue and expenditure of political parties by the Constitutional Court in terms of conformity to law as well as the methods of audit and sanctions to be applied in case of inconformity to law shall be indicated in law. The Constitutional Court shall be assisted by the Court of Accounts in performing its task of auditing. The judgments rendered by the Constitutional Court because of the auditing shall be final.
The dissolution of political parties shall be decided finally by the Constitutional Court after the filing of a suit by the office of the Chief Public Prosecutor of the High Court of Appeals. … (Art. 69) - TurkishSiyasî partilerin faaliyetleri, parti içi düzenlemeleri ve çalışmaları demokrasi ilkelerine uygun olur. Bu ilkelerin uygulanması kanunla düzenlenir. Siyasî partiler, ticarî faaliyetlere girişemezler. Siyasî partilerin gelir ve giderlerinin amaçlarına uygun olması gereklidir. Bu kuralın uygulanması kanunla düzenlenir. Anayasa Mahkemesince siyasî partilerin mal edinimleri ile gelir ve giderlerinin kanuna uygunluğunun tespiti, bu hususun denetim yöntemleri ve aykırılık halinde uygulanacak yaptırımlar kanunda gösterilir. Anayasa Mahkemesi, bu denetim görevini yerine getirirken Sayıştaydan yardım sağlar. Anayasa Mahkemesinin bu denetim sonunda vereceği kararlar kesindir. Siyasî partilerin kapatılması, Yargıtay Cumhuriyet Başsavcısının açacağı dava üzerine Anayasa Mahkemesince kesin olarak karara bağlanır. … (Madde 69)