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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
Head of State
- English(1) There shall be a Supreme Head of the Federation, to be called the Yang di-Pertuan Agong, who shall take precedence over all persons in the Federation and shall not be liable to any proceedings whatsoever in any court except in the Special Court established under Part XV.7
(2) The Consort of the Yang di-Pertuan Agong (to be called the Raja Permaisuri Agong) shall take precedence next after the Yang di-Pertuan Agong over all other persons in the Federation.
(3) The Yang di-Pertuan Agong shall be elected by the Conference of Rulers for a term of five years, but may at any time resign his office by writing under his hand addressed to the Conference of Rulers or be removed from office by the Conference of Rulers, and shall cease to hold office on ceasing to be a Ruler.
… (Art. 32) - Malay(1) Maka hendaklah ada seorang Ketua Utama Negara bagi Persekutuan, digelar Yang di-Pertuan Agong, yang hendaklah diberi keutamaan daripada segala orang di dalam Persekutuan dan yang tidak boleh dikenakan apa-apa jua pun prosiding di dalam mana-mana mahkamah kecuali di dalam Mahkamah Khas yang ditubuhkan di bawah Bahagian XV.
(2) Isteri Yang di-Pertuan Agong (digelar Raja Permaisuri Agong) hendaklah diberi keutamaan daripada segala orang lain di dalam Persekutuan selepas Yang di-Pertuan Agong.
(3) Yang di-Pertuan Agong hendaklah dipilih oleh Majlis RajaRaja bagi tempoh lima tahun, tetapi boleh pada bila-bila masa meletakkan jawatannya melalui surat yang ditandatangani sendiri olehnya yang ditujukan kepada Majlis Raja-Raja atau boleh dipecat daripada jawatannya oleh Majlis Raja-Raja, dan hendaklah berhenti memegang jawatan apabila terhenti menjadi Raja.
… (Perkara 32)
Head of State
- English
The President shall be elected directly by the people of the Republic of Belarus for a term of five years by universal, free, equal and direct suffrage by secret ballot.
… (Art. 81) - Belarusian
Прэзідэнт выбіраецца на пяць гадоў непасрэдна народам Рэспублікі Беларусь на аснове ўсеагульнага, свабоднага, роўнага і прамога выбарчага права пры тайным галасаванні.
… (Артыкул 81) - Russian
Президент избирается на пять лет непосредственно народом Республики Беларусь на основе всеобщего, свободного, равного и прямого избирательного права при тайном голосовании.
… (Статья 81)
Head of State
- English
1. The executive power of Samoa shall vest in the Head of State and shall be exercised by him or her under the provisions of this Constitution.
… (Art. 31) - Samoan
(1) O le pulega faatonu o Samoa o le a i le Ao o le Malo ma o le a faaaogaina e ia e tusa ma aiaiga o lenei Faavae.
… (Mataupu 31)
Head of State
- EnglishTo be elected President or Vice-President of the Nation it is necessary to have been born in the Argentine territory, or to be the son of a native born citizen if born in a foreign country; and to have the other qualifications required to be elected senator. (Sec. 89)
- SpanishPara ser elegido presidente o vicepresidente de la Nación, se requiere haber nacido en el territorio argentino, o ser hijo de ciudadano nativo, habiendo nacido en país extranjero; y las demás calidades exigidas para ser elegido senador. (Art. 89)
Head of State
- EnglishThe Executive Power shall be exercised by the President of the Republic, acting with the respective Minister or Ministers, or with the Council of Minister, as established in this Section and other concordant provisions. (Art. 149)
- SpanishEl Poder Ejecutivo será ejercido por el Presidente de la República actuando con el Ministro o Ministros respectivos, o con el Consejo de Ministros, de acuerdo a lo establecido en esta Sección y demás disposiciones concordantes. (Art. 149)
Head of State
- English1 The President of the Confederation chairs the Federal Council.
2 The President and the Vice-President of the Federal Council are elected by the Federal Assembly from the members of the Federal Council for a term of office of one year.
… (Art. 176) - French1 La présidence du Conseil fédéral est assurée par le président ou la présidente de la Confédération.
2 L’Assemblée fédérale élit pour un an un des membres du Conseil fédéral à la présidence de la Confédération et un autre à la vice-présidence du Conseil fédéral.
… (Art. 176) - German1 Die Bundespräsidentin oder der Bundespräsident führt den Vorsitz im Bundesrat.
2 Die Bundespräsidentin oder der Bundespräsident und die Vizepräsidentin oder der Vizepräsident des Bundesrates werden von der Bundesversammlung aus den Mitgliedern des Bundesrates auf die Dauer eines Jahres gewählt.
… (Art. 176) - Italian1 Il presidente della Confederazione presiede il Consiglio federale.
2 Il presidente della Confederazione e il vicepresidente del Consiglio federale sono eletti per un anno dall’Assemblea federale fra i membri del Consiglio federale.
… (Art. 176)
Head of State
- English(1) The President of the Republic of Indonesia shall hold the power of government in accordance with the Constitution.
… (Art. 4) - Indonesian(1) Presiden Republik Indonesia memegang kekuasaan pemerintahan menurut Undang-Undang Dasar.
… (Pasal 4)
Head of State
- English(1) At its first sitting after its election, and whenever necessary to fill a vacancy, the National Assembly must elect a woman or a man from among its members to be the President.
… (Sec. 86)
Head of State
- EnglishThe form of government for this Kingdom is a Constitutional Monarchy under His Majesty King George Tupou V and his successors. (Clause 30)
- TonganKo e anga ‘o e fai ‘a e Pule ‘o e Fonua ni ko e Pule‘anga Tu‘i Faka-Konisitutone ‘I he malumalu ‘o ‘Ene ‘Afio ko e Tu‘i ko Tupou VI mo kinautolu ‘e hoko kiate ia. (Kupu 30)
Head of State
- EnglishThe President of the Republic is the Head of State and of the National Executive, in which latter capacity he directs the action of the government. (Art. 226)
- SpanishEl Presidente o Presidenta de la República es el Jefe o Jefa del Estado y del Ejecutivo Nacional, en cuya condición dirige la acción del Gobierno. (Art. 226)