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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
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Head of State
Malaysia
- English(1) There shall be a Supreme Head of the Federation, to be called the Yang di-Pertuan Agong, who shall take precedence over all persons in the Federation and shall not be liable to any proceedings whatsoever in any court except in the Special Court established under Part XV.7
(2) The Consort of the Yang di-Pertuan Agong (to be called the Raja Permaisuri Agong) shall take precedence next after the Yang di-Pertuan Agong over all other persons in the Federation.
(3) The Yang di-Pertuan Agong shall be elected by the Conference of Rulers for a term of five years, but may at any time resign his office by writing under his hand addressed to the Conference of Rulers or be removed from office by the Conference of Rulers, and shall cease to hold office on ceasing to be a Ruler.
… (Art. 32) - Malay(1) Maka hendaklah ada seorang Ketua Utama Negara bagi Persekutuan, digelar Yang di-Pertuan Agong, yang hendaklah diberi keutamaan daripada segala orang di dalam Persekutuan dan yang tidak boleh dikenakan apa-apa jua pun prosiding di dalam mana-mana mahkamah kecuali di dalam Mahkamah Khas yang ditubuhkan di bawah Bahagian XV.
(2) Isteri Yang di-Pertuan Agong (digelar Raja Permaisuri Agong) hendaklah diberi keutamaan daripada segala orang lain di dalam Persekutuan selepas Yang di-Pertuan Agong.
(3) Yang di-Pertuan Agong hendaklah dipilih oleh Majlis RajaRaja bagi tempoh lima tahun, tetapi boleh pada bila-bila masa meletakkan jawatannya melalui surat yang ditandatangani sendiri olehnya yang ditujukan kepada Majlis Raja-Raja atau boleh dipecat daripada jawatannya oleh Majlis Raja-Raja, dan hendaklah berhenti memegang jawatan apabila terhenti menjadi Raja.
… (Perkara 32)
Head of State
Sierra Leone
- English(1) There shall be a President of the Republic of Sierra Leone who shall be Head of State, the supreme executive authority of the Republic and Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces.
…
(3) The President shall be the guardian of the Constitution and the guarantor of national independence and territorial integrity, and shall ensure respect for treaties and international agreements.
(4) Notwithstanding any provisions of this Constitution or any other law to the contrary, the President shall, without prejudice to any such law as may for the time being be adopted by Parliament, be responsible, in addition to the functions conferred upon him in the Constitution, for—
a. all constitutional matters concerning legislation;
... (Sec. 40)
Head of State
Cuba
- EnglishThe National Assembly of People's Power, in the exercise of its duties:
a. Chooses the President and Vice President of the Republic;
… (Art. 109) - SpanishLa Asamblea Nacional del Poder Popular, en ejercicio de sus atribuciones:
a) elige al Presidente y al Vicepresidente de la República;
… (Art. 109)
Head of State
Uruguay
- EnglishThe Executive Power shall be exercised by the President of the Republic, acting with the respective Minister or Ministers, or with the Council of Minister, as established in this Section and other concordant provisions. (Art. 149)
- SpanishEl Poder Ejecutivo será ejercido por el Presidente de la República actuando con el Ministro o Ministros respectivos, o con el Consejo de Ministros, de acuerdo a lo establecido en esta Sección y demás disposiciones concordantes. (Art. 149)
Head of State
Mexico
- EnglishTo be President it is required:
I. To be [a] Mexican citizen by birth, in full enjoyment of their rights, [a] child of Mexican father or mother and to have resided in the country for at least twenty years.
II. To be [tener] 35 years of age at the time of the election;
III. To have resided in the country during all of the year prior to the day of the election. The absence [ausencia] from the country for up to thirty days, does not interrupt residency.
IV. To not possess ecclesiastical status or be a minister of any belief [culto].
... (Art. 82) - SpanishPara ser Presidente se requiere:
I. Ser ciudadano mexicano por nacimiento, en pleno goce de sus derechos, hijo de padre o madre mexicanos y haber residido en el país al menos durante veinte años.
II. Tener 35 años cumplidos al tiempo de la elección;
III. Haber residido en el país durante todo el año anterior al día de la elección. La ausencia del país hasta por treinta días, no interrumpe la residencia.
IV. No pertenecer al estado eclesiástico ni ser ministro de algún culto.
... (Art. 82)
Head of State
Italy
- English
Any citizen who has attained fifty years of age and enjoys civil and political rights may be elected President of the Republic.
… (Art. 84) - Italian
Può essere eletto Presidente della Repubblica ogni cittadino che abbia compiuto cinquanta anni d'età e goda dei diritti civili e politici.
… (Art. 84)
Head of State
Indonesia
- English(1) The President of the Republic of Indonesia shall hold the power of government in accordance with the Constitution.
… (Art. 4) - Indonesian(1) Presiden Republik Indonesia memegang kekuasaan pemerintahan menurut Undang-Undang Dasar.
… (Pasal 4)
Head of State
Dominica
- English(1) The executive authority of Dominica is vested in the President.
(2) Subject to the provisions of this Constitution, the executive authority of Dominica may be exercised by the President either directly or through officers subordinate to him.
… (Sec. 58)
Head of State
Venezuela, Bolivarian Republic of
- EnglishThe President of the Republic is the Head of State and of the National Executive, in which latter capacity he directs the action of the government. (Art. 226)
- SpanishEl Presidente o Presidenta de la República es el Jefe o Jefa del Estado y del Ejecutivo Nacional, en cuya condición dirige la acción del Gobierno. (Art. 226)
Head of State
Egypt
- EnglishTo be accepted as a candidate for the presidency, candidates must receive the recommendation of at least twenty elected members of the House of Representatives, or support from at least twenty five thousand citizens enjoying the right to vote, in at least fifteen governorates, with a minimum of one thousand supporter from each governorate.
… (Art. 142) - Arabicيشترط لقبول الترشح لرئاسة الجمهورية أن يزكى المترشح عشرون عضوًا على الأقل من أعضاء مجلس النواب، أو أن يؤيده ما لا يقل عن خمسة وعشرين ألف مواطن ممن لهم حق الانتخاب في خمس عشرة محافظة على الأقل، وبحد أدنى ألف مؤيد من كل محافظة منها.
… (المادّة 142)