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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
Legislature
- EnglishThe system of proportional or majority representation in those cases determined by law shall be adopted to declare elected for service those candidates chosen by popular election. (Art. 46)
- SpanishSe adopta el sistema de representación proporcional o por mayoría en los casos que determine la Ley, para declarar electos en sus cargos a los candidatos de elección popular. (Art. 46)
Legislature
- English
(1) The chamber is composed of sixty deputies.
...
(3) The election is direct. It takes place on the basis of the universal suffrage, on a [party] list ballot, following the rules of the proportional representation, in accordance with the principle of the smallest electoral quotient.
The vote is mandatory and secret. Its modalities are determined by the law.
... (Art. 63) - French
(1) La Chambre se compose de soixante députés.
...
(3) L’élection est directe. Elle a lieu sur la base du suffrage universel, au scrutin de liste, suivant les règles de la représentation proportionnelle, conformément au principe du plus petit quotient électoral.
Le vote est obligatoire et secret. Ses modalités sont déterminées par la loi.
… (Art. 63)
Legislature
- EnglishThere shall be a Parliament of Samoa, which shall consist of the Head of State and the Legislative Assembly. (Art. 42)
- SamoanO le a i ai se Palemene o Samoa, lea o le a aofia ai le Ao o le Malo ma le Fono Aoao Faitulafono. (Mataupu 42)
Legislature
- EnglishThe legislative power belongs to the Parliament. (Art. 45)
- Arabicيمارس البرلمان السلطة التشريعية. (المادّة 45)
- FrenchLe pouvoir législatif appartient au Parlement. (Art. 45)
Legislature
- EnglishThe legislative power shall be vested in the Congress of the Philippines which shall consist of a Senate and a House of Representatives, except to the extent reserved to the people by the provision on initiative and referendum. (Art. VI, Sec. 1)
- FilipinoDapat masalalay sa isang Kongreso ng Pilipinas ang kapangyarihang Tagapagbatas, na dapat binubuo ng isang Senado at isang Kapulungan ng mga Kinatawan, maliban sa lawak na inilaan sa mga taongbayan ng tadhana tungkol sa pagpapatiuna at reperendum. (Art. VI, Seksyon 1)
Legislature
- EnglishThe National Assembly shall be composed of seventy-one members (Diputados) who are elected in conformity with the law and subject to the following rules:
1. There shall be one-member constituencies and constituencies with several members (circuitos uninominales y plurinominales). Each district in which more than one member is elected shall form one constituency, with the exception of the district of Panama where constituencies with three or more members shall be established;
… (Art. 147) - SpanishLa Asamblea Nacional se compondrá de setenta y un Diputados que resulten elegidos de conformidad con la Ley y sujeto a lo que se dispone a continuación:
1. Habrá circuitos uninominales y plurinominales, garantizándose el principio de representación proporcional. Integrará un solo circuito electoral todo distrito en donde se elija más de un Diputado, salvo el distrito de Panamá, donde habrá circuitos de tres o más Diputados.
… (Art. 147)
Legislature
- English
To be eligible for membership of the States General, a person must be a Dutch national, must have attained the age of eighteen years and must not have been disqualified from voting. (Art. 56)
- Dutch
Om lid van de Staten-Generaal te kunnen zijn is vereist dat men Nederlander is, de leeftijd van achttien jaar heeft bereikt en niet is uitgesloten van het kiesrecht. (Art. 56)
Legislature
- EnglishThe legislature shall consist of a single chamber which shall be known as Parliament. (Art. 15)
- FrenchLe pouvoir législatif est exercé par une chambre unique dénommée Parlement. (Art. 15)
Legislature
- English(1) The composition of the National Assembly shall be as follows:
(a) ninety-six (96) members to be elected by the registered voters by direct and secret ballot. Every Namibian citizen who has the qualificaions described in Article 17 hereof shall be entitled to vote in the elections for members of the National Assembly and, subject to Article 47 hereof shall be eligible for candidature as a member of the National Assembly;
(b) not more than eight (8) persons appointed by the President under Article 32(5)(c) hereof by virtue of their special expertise, status, skill or experience: provided that such members shall have no vote in the National Assembly, and shall not be taken into account for the purpose of determining any specific majorities that are required under this Constitution or any other law.
(2) Subject to the principles referred to in Article 49 hereof, the members of the National Assembly referred to in Sub-Article (1)(a) hereof shall be elected in accordance with procedures to be determined by Act of Parliament. (Art. 46)
Legislature
- English(1) The Legislature may, in order to ensure the representation in Parliament of Members from the Malay, Indian and other minority communities, by law make provision for —
(a) any constituency to be declared by the President, having regard to the number of electors in that constituency, as a group representation constituency to enable any election in that constituency to be held on a basis of a group of not less than 3 but not more than 6 candidates; and
(b) the qualifications, in addition to those in Article 44, of persons who may be eligible for any election in group representation constituencies, including the requirements referred to in clause (2).
…
(3) No provision of any law made pursuant to this Article shall be invalid on the ground of inconsistency with Article 12 or be considered to be a differentiating measure under Article 78.
(4) In this Article —
...
“person belonging to the Malay community” means any person, whether of the Malay race or otherwise, who considers himself to be a member of the Malay community and who is generally accepted as a member of the Malay community by that community;
“person belonging to the Indian or other minority communities” means any person of Indian origin who considers himself to be a member of the Indian community and who is generally accepted as a member of the Indian community by that community, or any person who belongs to any minority community other than the Malay or Indian community. (Art. 39A)