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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
Political Rights and Association
- English(a) Every citizen has the right to establish and to participate in the activities of political parties.
(b) Everyone has the freedom to form associations and societies, including the following:
1. the right to establish and participate in any association or society for economic, social, educational or cultural or purposes;
… (Art. 30) - Dhivehi(ހ) ސިޔާސީ ޕާޓީ އުފައްދައި، ހިންގައި، ޕާޓީތަކުގެ ޙަރަކާތްތަކުގައި ބައިވެރިވުމުގެ ހައްޤު ކޮންމެ ރައްޔިތަކަށްމެ ލިބިގެންވެއެވެ.
(ށ) ޖަމްޢިއްޔާތަކާއި ޖަމާޢަތްތައް ހެދުމުގެ މިނިވަންކަން ކޮންމެ މީހަކަންމެ ލިބިގެންވެއެވެ. މީގެ ތެރޭގައި އަންނަނިވި ހައްޤުތައް ހިމެނެއެވެ.
1. އިޤްތިސާދީ، އިޖްތިމާއި، ތައުލީމީ، ސަޤާފީ މަޤްސަދުތަކަށްޓަކައި، ޖަމްއިއްޔާތަކާއި ޖަމާއަތްތަކުގައި ބައިވެރިވުމުގެ ޙައްޤު.
... (ޤާނޫނުއަސާސީގެ 30 ވަނަ މާއްދާ)
Political Rights and Association
- English1. Subject to paragraph 2 of this Article every citizen of the Republic who has attained the age of twenty-one years and has such residential qualifications as may be prescribed by the Electoral Law shall have the right to be registered as an elector in either the Greek or the Turkish electoral list:
Provided that the members of the Greek Community shall only be registered in the Greek electoral list and the members of the Turkish Community shall only be registered in the Turkish electoral list.
2. No person shall be qualified to be registered as an elector who is disqualified for such registration by virtue of the Electoral Law. (Art. 63) - GreekΤηρουμένων των διατάξεων της δευτέρας παραγράφου του παρόντος άρθρου πας πολίτης της Δημοκρατίας έχων συμπληρώσει το δέκατο όγδοο έτος της ηλικίας αυτού και έχων τα υπό του εκλογικού νόμου καθοριζόμενα προσόντα διαμονής δικαιούται να εγγραφεί ως εκλογεύς είτε εις τον ελληνικόν είτε εις τον τουρκικόν εκλογικόν κατάλογον. Τα μέλη της ελληνικής κοινότητος όμως θα εγγράφονται μόνον εις τον ελληνικόν εκλογικόν κατάλογον, τα δε μέλη της τουρκικής κοινότητος μόνον εις τον τουρκικόν εκλογικόν κατάλογον.
Ουδείς δικαιούται να εγγραφεί ως εκλογεύς, εφόσον δεν κέκτηται τα υπό του εκλογικού νόμου απαιτούμενα προς εγγραφήν προσόντα. (Αρθρον 63) - Turkish1. Bu Maddenin 2. fıkrası hükümleri saklı kalmak şartıyla, yirmi bir yaşını doldurmuş ve Seçim Kanununda gösterilen ikamet şartlarına sahip her Cumhuriyet vatandaşı seçmen olarak Rum veya Türk seçim listesinden birine kaydedilme hakkına sahiptir:
Ancak, Rum Cemaati üyeleri yalnız Rum seçim listesine ve Türk Cemaati üyeleri yalnız Türk seçim listesine kayıt edilebilir.
2. Seçim Kanunu uyarınca kayıt dışı bırakılan bir şahıs, seçmen olarak kaydedilme hakkına sahip değildir. (Madde 63)
Political Rights and Association
- English
In electing people’s representatives to the Hluttaws :
(a) every citizen who has attained 18 years of age on the day on which the election commences, who is not disqualified by law, who is eligible to vote, and person who has the right to vote under the law, shall have the right to vote;
... (Sec. 391) - Burmese
လွှတ်တော်များသို့ ပြည်သူ့ကိုယ်စားလှယ်များကို ရွေးကောက်တင်မြှောက်ရာတွင် -
(က) ရွေးကောက်ပွဲစတင်ကျင်းပသည့်နေ့ရက်၌ အသက် ၁၈ နှစ်ပြည့်၍ ဥပဒေအရ အရည်အချင်း ပျက်ယွင်းသူမဟုတ်သည့်အပြင် ဆန္ဒမဲပေးပိုင်ခွင့်ရှိသော နိုင်ငံသားနှင့် ဥပဒေအရ ဆန္ဒမဲပေးခွင့်ရှိသူတိုင်းသည် ဆန္ဒမဲပေးပိုင်ခွင့်ရှိသည်၊
... (ပုဒ်မ-၃၉၁)
Political Rights and Association
- English
All citizens who have reached the age of 17 have the right to elect and to be elected, irrespective of sex, race, occupation, length of residence, property status, education, party affiliation, political views or religious belief.
… (Art. 66) - Korean
17살이상의 모든 공민은 성별, 민족별, 직업, 거주기간, 재산과 지식정도, 당별, 정견, 신앙에 관계없이 선거할 권리와 선거받을 권리를 가진다.
… (제66조)
Political Rights and Association
- English…
2. No restrictions shall be imposed upon the political rights of any citizen, … by means of retroactive legislation.
… (Art. 13) - Korean…
②모든 국민은 소급입법에 의하여 참정권의 제한을 받…지 아니한다.
… (제13조)
Political Rights and Association
- English…
(2) Women shall have equal rights with men in all spheres of the State and of public life.
… (Art. 28) - Bengali…
(২) রাষ্ট্র ও গণজীবনের সর্বস্তরে নারী পুরুষের সমান অধিকার লাভ করিবেন।
… (অনুচ্ছেদ ২৮)
Political Rights and Association
- English
1. Under this Constitution, the general will of the people shall be the basis of government and it shall be expressed through periodic elections.
2. A person shall have the right to vote by direct adult suffrage through secret ballot at an election if the person is:
a. A Bhutanese citizen as evidenced by a Citizenship Card;
b. Not less than eighteen years of age;
c. Registered in the civil registry of that constituency for not less than one year, prior to the date of the election; and
d. Not otherwise disqualified from voting under any law in force in Bhutan.
… (Art. 23) - Dzongkha
༡) རྩ་ཁྲིམས་ཆེན་མོ་འདིའི་ནང་གསལ་ལྟར་ གཞུང་གི་གཞི་གནས་འདི་ མི་སེར་སྤྱིར་གྱི་བསམ་དོན་ཨིནམ་དང་ བསམ་དོན་ འདི་ དུས་མཚམས་ཅན་གྱི་བཙག་འཐུའི་ཐོག་ལས་གསལ་སྟོན་འབད་དགོ།
༢) མི་ཅིག་གིས་ བཙག་འཐུ་ཅིག་ནང་གསང་བའི་ཚོགས་རྒྱན་ཐོག་ལས་ ན་ལོན་ཚོགས་རྒྱན་ཐད་ ཀར་བསྐྱུར་ནིའི་ ཐོབ་དབང་ཡོད་མི་དེ་ཡང་ གལ་སྲིད་མི་ངོ་འདི།
ཀ༽ མི་ཁུངས་ལག་ཁྱེར་གྱི་སྒྲུབ་བྱེད་སྟོན་ནི་ཡོད་པའི་འབྲུག་པའི་མི་སེར་དང།
ཁ༽ སྐྱེས་ལོ་བཅོ་བརྒྱད་ལས་མ་ཆུང་བ།
ག༽ བཙག་འཐུའི་ཚེས་གྲངས་ཀྱི་སྔ་གོང་ལས་ལོ་ངོ་གཅིག་ལས་མ་ཉུང་བར་ འདེམས་ཁོངས་དེའི་ ཞི་བའི་ཐོ་བཀོད་ མ་ཡིག་ནང་བཀོད་དེ་ཡོད་པ། དང་།
ང་༽ འབྲུག་གི་ཁྱབ་དབང་ཡོད་པའི་ཁྲིམས་གང་རུང་ཅིག་གི་ནང་གསལ་ལྟར་ ཚོགས་རྒྱན་བསྐྱུར་ནིའི་ཁྱདཚད་ ལས་ མ་འགལ་བ།
... ༼རྩ་ཚན་༢༣༽
Political Rights and Association
- EnglishThe Sovereignty of the People shall be exercised and enjoyed in the following manner:–
…
(e) the franchise shall be exercisable at the election of the President of the Republic and of the Members of Parliament and at every Referendum by every citizen who has attained the age of eighteen years and who, being qualified to be an elector as hereinafter provided, has his name entered in the register of electors. (Art. 4) - Sinhalaජනතාවගේ පරමාධිපත්යය ක්රියාත්මක වීම ද, භුක්ති විඳීම ද, මතු දැක්වෙන ආකාරයෙන් සිදුවන්නේ ය:–
…
(ඉ) අටළොස් විය සම්පූර්ණ කර ඇත්තා වූ ද, මෙහි මින් මතු විධිවිධාන සලස්වා ඇති පරිදි ඡන්දහිමියකු වීමට සුදුසුකම් ලැබ තමාගේ නම ඡන්දහිමි නාමලේඛනයෙ ඇතුළත් කරනු ලැබ සිටින්නා වූ ද, සෑම පුරවැසියකු විසින් ම ජනරජයේ ජනාධිපතිවරයා තෝරා පත් කිරීමේ ඡන්ද විමසීමේ දී ද, පාර්ලිමේන්තු මන්ත්රීවරයන් තෝරා පත් කිරීමේ මැතිවරණයේ දී ද, සෑම ජනමත විචාරණයක දී ද ඡන්ද බලය ක්රියාත්මක කළ හැකි විය යුතු වන්නේ ය. (4 වැනි වගන්තිය)
Political Rights and Association
- English(1) The economically, socially or educationally backward women, Dalit, indigenous nationalities, Madhesi, Tharu, Muslims, backward classes, minorities, marginalized communities, persons with disabilities, gender and sexual minorities, farmers, labourers, oppressed or citizens of backward regions and indigent Khas Arya shall have the right to participate in the State bodies on the basis of principle of proportional inclusion.
… (Art. 42) - Nepali(१) आर्थिक, सामाजिक वा शैक्षिक दृष्टिले पछाडि परेका महिला, दलित, आदिवासी जनजाति, मधेशी, थारू, मुस्लिम, पिछडा वर्ग, अल्पसंख्यक, सीमान्तीकृत, अपांगता भएका व्यक्ति, लैंगिक तथा यौनिक अल्पसंख्यक, किसान, श्रमिक, उत्पीडित वा पिछडिएको क्षेत्रका नागरिक तथा आर्थिक रूपले विपन्न खस आर्यलाई समानुपातिक समावेशी सिद्धान्तका आधारमा राज्यका निकायमा सहभागिताको हक हुनेछ ।
... (धारा ४२)
Political Rights and Association
- EnglishEvery citizen has the right to participate in the political, economic, cultural life of the country. … (Art. 42)
- Arabicلكل مواطن حق الإسهام في الحياة السياسية والاقتصادية والاجتماعية والثقافية. ... (المادّة 42)