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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
Political Rights and Association
- English1. Citizens shall have the right to form associations freely and without dependence on any authorization, so long as they are not contrary to penal law or do not undermine the Constitution and national independence.
… (Art. 35) - Portuguese1. Os cidadãos têm o direito de, livremente e sem dependência de qualquer autorização, constituir associações, desde que não sejam contrárias à lei penal ou não ponham em causa a Constituição e a independência nacional.
… (Art. 35)
Political Rights and Association
- English(1) The people have the inalienable right to choose their public officials and to dismiss them.
…
(3) Universal adult suffrage is guaranteed with regard to the election of public officials.
… (Art. 15) - Japanese1 公務員を選定し、及びこれを罷免することは、国民固有の権利である。
...
3 公務員の選挙については、成年者による普通選挙を保障する。
... (第15条)
Political Rights and Association
- English
National sovereignty resides in the People who exercise it through democratic instruments[,] deciding and participating freely in the construction and perfecting of the economic, political, cultural and social system of the nation. The people exercise the sovereign power through their representatives freely elected by universal, equal, direct and secret suffrage, barring any other individual or group of persons from arrogating this representation. It may be also exercised directly by means of the referendum and of the plebiscite. In the same way, it will be able to [podrd] exercise it through other direct mechanisms, such as the participative budgets, the citizen initiatives, the territorial Councils, the territorial and communal assemblies of the indigenous and Afro-descendant Peoples, the sectoral Councils, and other procedures [procedimientos] that this Constitution and the laws establish. (Art. 2)
- Spanish
La soberanía nacional reside en el pueblo y la ejerce a través de instrumentos democráticos decidiendo y participando libremente en la construcción y perfeccionamiento del sistema económico, político, cultural y social de la nación. El poder soberano lo ejerce el pueblo por medio de sus representantes libremente elegidos por sufragio universal, igual, directo y secreto, sin que ninguna otra persona o reunión de personas pueda arrogarse esta representación. También lo puede ejercer de forma directa a través del referéndum y el plebiscito. Asimismo, podrá ejercerlo a través de otros mecanismos directos, como los presupuestos participativos, las iniciativas ciudadanas, los Consejos territoriales, las asambleas territoriales y comunales de los pueblos originarios y afrodescendientes, los Consejos sectoriales, y otros procedimientos que se establezcan en la presente Constitución y las leyes. (Art. 2)
Political Rights and Association
- EnglishThe Sovereignty of the People shall be exercised and enjoyed in the following manner:–
…
(e) the franchise shall be exercisable at the election of the President of the Republic and of the Members of Parliament and at every Referendum by every citizen who has attained the age of eighteen years and who, being qualified to be an elector as hereinafter provided, has his name entered in the register of electors. (Art. 4) - Sinhalaජනතාවගේ පරමාධිපත්යය ක්රියාත්මක වීම ද, භුක්ති විඳීම ද, මතු දැක්වෙන ආකාරයෙන් සිදුවන්නේ ය:–
…
(ඉ) අටළොස් විය සම්පූර්ණ කර ඇත්තා වූ ද, මෙහි මින් මතු විධිවිධාන සලස්වා ඇති පරිදි ඡන්දහිමියකු වීමට සුදුසුකම් ලැබ තමාගේ නම ඡන්දහිමි නාමලේඛනයෙ ඇතුළත් කරනු ලැබ සිටින්නා වූ ද, සෑම පුරවැසියකු විසින් ම ජනරජයේ ජනාධිපතිවරයා තෝරා පත් කිරීමේ ඡන්ද විමසීමේ දී ද, පාර්ලිමේන්තු මන්ත්රීවරයන් තෝරා පත් කිරීමේ මැතිවරණයේ දී ද, සෑම ජනමත විචාරණයක දී ද ඡන්ද බලය ක්රියාත්මක කළ හැකි විය යුතු වන්නේ ය. (4 වැනි වගන්තිය)
Political Rights and Association
- English
The Republic of Senegal guarantees to all citizens the fundamental individual freedoms, the economic and social rights as well as the collective rights. These freedoms and rights are notably:
- the civil and political freedoms: freedom of opinion, freedom of expression, freedom of the press, freedom of association,
… (Art. 8) - French
La République du Sénégal garantit à tous les citoyens les libertés individuelles fondamentales, les droits économiques et sociaux ainsi que les droits collectifs. Ces libertés et droits sont notamment :
- les libertés civiles et politiques : liberté d'opinion, liberté d'expression, liberté de la presse, liberté d'association,
... (Art. 8)
Political Rights and Association
- EnglishThe exercise of suffrage to elect the authorities of government and to participate in referendums is a right and a duty of the male and female citizens. The vote is personal, free, direct, and secret. No one may be obligated or coerced under any pretext in the exercise of his right to suffrage or to reveal his vote.
… (Art. 208) - SpanishEs un derecho y un deber de ciudadanas y ciudadanos el ejercicio del sufragio para elegir a las autoridades de gobierno y para participar en referendos. El voto es personal, libre, directo y secreto. Nadie puede ser obligado o coaccionado, bajo ningún pretexto, en el ejercicio de su derecho al sufragio ni a revelar su voto.
… (Art. 208)
Political Rights and Association
- English
(a) Every citizen shall have the right to elect and be elected in accord with the law.
... (Sec. 38) - Burmese
(က) နိုင်ငံသားတိုင်းသည် ဥပဒေနှင့်အညီ ရွေးကောက်တင်မြှောက်ခွင့် နှင့် ရွေးကောက် တင်မြှောက်ခံပိုင်ခွင့်ရှိသည်၊
... (ပုဒ်မ-၃၈)
Political Rights and Association
- English(1) The economically, socially or educationally backward women, Dalit, indigenous nationalities, Madhesi, Tharu, Muslims, backward classes, minorities, marginalized communities, persons with disabilities, gender and sexual minorities, farmers, labourers, oppressed or citizens of backward regions and indigent Khas Arya shall have the right to participate in the State bodies on the basis of principle of proportional inclusion.
… (Art. 42) - Nepali(१) आर्थिक, सामाजिक वा शैक्षिक दृष्टिले पछाडि परेका महिला, दलित, आदिवासी जनजाति, मधेशी, थारू, मुस्लिम, पिछडा वर्ग, अल्पसंख्यक, सीमान्तीकृत, अपांगता भएका व्यक्ति, लैंगिक तथा यौनिक अल्पसंख्यक, किसान, श्रमिक, उत्पीडित वा पिछडिएको क्षेत्रका नागरिक तथा आर्थिक रूपले विपन्न खस आर्यलाई समानुपातिक समावेशी सिद्धान्तका आधारमा राज्यका निकायमा सहभागिताको हक हुनेछ ।
... (धारा ४२)
Political Rights and Association
- English…
The public powers work for the creation of the conditions permitting the effectiveness of liberty and of the equality of citizens to be made general [généraliser], as well as their participation in political, economic, cultural and social life.
… (Art. 6) - Arabic…
تعمل السّلطات العمومية على توفير الظروف التي تمكّن من تعميم الطّابع الفعلي لحرية المواطنات والمواطنين، والمساواة بينهم، ومن مشاركتهم في الحياة السياسيّة والاقتصاديّة والثقافيّة والاجتماعيّة.
… (الفصل 6)
Political Rights and Association
- EnglishWhereas every person in Nauru is entitled to the fundamental rights and freedoms of the individual, that is to say, has the right, whatever his race, place of origin, political opinions, colour, creed or sex, but subject to respect for the rights and freedoms of others and for the public interest, to each and all of the following freedoms, namely:-
…
(b) freedom of conscience, of expression and of peaceful assembly and association;
… (Art. 3)