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Political Rights and Association
Ethiopia
- English1. Every Ethiopian national, without any discrimination based on colour, race, nation, nationality, sex, language, religion, political or other opinion or other status, has the following rights:
a. To take part in the conduct of public affairs, directly and through freely chosen representatives;
b. On the attainment of 18 years of age, to vote in accordance with law;
c. To vote and to be elected at periodic elections to any office at any level of government; elections shall be by universal and equal suffrage and shall be held by secret ballot, guaranteeing the free expression of the will of the electors.
2. The right of everyone to be a member of his own will in a political organization, labour union, trade organization, or employers' or professional association shall be respected if he or she meets the special and general requirements stipulated by such organization.
3. Elections to positions of responsibility within any of the organizations referred to under sub-Article 2 of this Article shall be conducted in a free and democratic manner.
4. The provisions of sub-Articles 2 and 3 of this Article shall apply to civic organizations which significantly affect the public interest. (Art. 38) - Amharic1. ማንኛውም ኢትዮጵያዊ ዜጋ በቀለም፣ በዘር፣ በብሔር፣ በብሔረሰብ፣ በጾታ፣በቋንቋ፣ በሃይማኖት፣ በፖለቲካ ወይም በሌላ አመለከካከት ወይም በሌላ አቋም ላይ የተመሰረተ ልዩነት ሳይደረግበት የሚከተሉት መብቶች አሉት፤
ሀ/ በቀጥታ እና በነጻነት በመረጣቸው ተወካዮች አማካኝነት በሕዝብ ጉዳይ አስተዳደር የመሳተፍ፣
ለ/ ዕድሜው 18 ዓመት ሲሞላ በሕግ መሰረት የመምረጥ ፣
ሐ/ በማናቸውም የመንግሥት ደረጃ በየጊዜው በሚካሄድ ምርጫ የመምረጥና የመመረጥ፡፡ ምርጫው ሁሉ አቀፍ፣ በሁሉም እኩልነት ላይ የተመሰረተና በሚስጥር ድምጽ አሰጣጥ መራጩ ፈቃዱን በነጻነት የሚገልጽበት ዋስትና የሚሰጥ መሆን አለበት፡፡
2. በፖለቲካ ድርጅቶች፣ በሠራተኞች፣ በንግድ፣ በአሠሪዎችና በሙያ ማኅበራት ለተሳትፎ ድርጅቱ የሚጠይቀውን ጠቅላላና ልዩ የአባልነት መስፈርት የሚያሟላ ማንኛውም ሰው በፍላጐቱ አባል የመሆን መብቱ የተከበረ መሆን አለበት፡፡
3. በዚህ አንቀጽ ንዑስ አንቀጽ 2 በተመለከቱት ድርጅቶች ውስጥ ለኃላፊነት ቦታዎች የሚካሄዱ ምርጫዎች ነጻና ዴሞክራሲያዊ በሆነ መንገድ ይፈጸማሉ፡፡
4. የዚህ አንቀጽ ንዑስ አንቀጽ 2 እና 3 ድንጋጌዎች የሕዝብን ጥቅም ሰፋ ባለ ሁኔታ የሚነኩ እስከሆነ ድረስ በሕዝባዊ ድርጅቶች ላይ ተፈጻሚ ይሆናሉ፡፡ (አንቀጽ 38)
Political Rights and Association
Malta
- EnglishSubject to the provisions of article 58 of this Constitution, a person shall be qualified to be registered as a voter for the election of members of the House of Representatives if, and shall not be qualified to be so registered unless –
(a) he is a citizen of Malta;
(b) he has attained the age of sixteen years; and
(c) he is resident in Malta and has during the eighteen months immediately preceding his registration been a resident for a continuous period of six months or for periods amounting in the aggregate to six months:
Provided that this paragraph shall not apply to a person who is ordinarily resident in Malta but has not been resident in Malta as required by this paragraph by reason of service abroad in the public service, including service in the offices referred to in sub-article (3) of article 124 of this Constitution, or by reason of service abroad in, or as a member of, a disciplined force as defined in article 47 of this Constitution. (Art. 57) - MalteseBla ħsara għad-disposizzjonijiet tal-artikolu 58 ta’ din il-Kostituzzjoni, persuna tkun kwalifikata biex tkun reġistrata bħala elettur għall-elezzjoni ta’ membri tal-Kamra tad-Deputati jekk tkun, u ma tkunx kwalifikata biex tkun hekk reġistrata jekk ma tkunx –
(a) ċittadin ta’ Malta;
(b) għalqet l-età ta’ sittax-il sena; u
(ċ) residenti f’Malta u matul it-tmintax-il xahar minnufih qabel ir-reġistrazzjoni tagħha hekk residenti għal perijodu kontinwu ta’ sitt xhur jew għal perijodi li jammontaw fit-total globali għal sitt xhur:
Iżda dan il-paragrafu ma japplikax għal persuna li tkun ordinarjament tirrisjedi f’Malta iżda ma tkunx tirrisjedi f’Malta kif meħtieġ b’dan il-paragrafu minħabba servizz barra minn Malta fis-servizz pubbliku, magħdud servizz fil-karigi msemmija fis-subartikolu (3) tal-artikolu 124 ta’ din il-Kostituzzjoni, jew minħabba servizz barra minn Malta f’korp, jew bħala membru ta’ korp, dixxiplinat kif imfisser fl-artikolu 47 ta’ din il-Kostituzzjoni. (Art. 57)
Political Rights and Association
Türkiye
- EnglishIn conformity with the conditions set forth in the law, citizens have the right to vote, to be elected, to engage in political activities independently or in a political party, and to take part in a referendum.
Elections and referenda shall be held under the direction and supervision of the judiciary, in accordance with the principles of free, equal, secret, direct, universal suffrage, and public counting of the votes. However, the law determines applicable measures for Turkish citizens abroad to exercise their right to vote.
All Turkish citizens over eighteen years of age shall have the right to vote in elections and to take part in referenda.
The exercise of these rights shall be regulated by law. … (Art. 67) - TurkishVatandaşlar, kanunda gösterilen şartlara uygun olarak, seçme, seçilme ve bağımsız olarak veya bir siyasî parti içinde siyasî faaliyette bulunma ve halkoylamasına katılma hakkına sahiptir.
Seçimler ve halkoylaması serbest, eşit, gizli, tek dereceli, genel oy, açık sayım ve döküm esaslarına göre, yargı yönetim ve denetimi altında yapılır. Ancak, yurt dışında bulunan Türk vatandaşlarının oy hakkını kullanabilmeleri amacıyla kanun, uygulanabilir tedbirleri belirler.
Onsekiz yaşını dolduran her Türk vatandaşı seçme ve halkoylamasına katılma haklarına sahiptir.
Bu hakların kullanılması kanunla düzenlenir. … (Madde 67)
Political Rights and Association
Germany
- English…
(2) Any person who has attained the age of eighteen shall be entitled to vote; any person who has attained the age of majority may be elected.
… (Art. 38) - German…
(2) Wahlberechtigt ist, wer das achtzehnte Lebensjahr vollendet hat; wählbar ist, wer das Alter erreicht hat, mit dem die Volljährigkeit eintritt.
… (Art. 38)
Political Rights and Association
Fiji
- English(1) Every citizen has the freedom to make political choices, and the right to—
(a) form or join a political party;
(b) participate in the activities of, or recruit members for, a political party; and
(c) campaign for a political party, candidate or cause.
(2) Every citizen has the right to free, fair and regular elections for any elective institution or office established under this Constitution.
(3) Every citizen who has reached the age of 18 years has the right—
(a) to be registered as a voter;
(b) to vote by secret ballot in any election or referendum under this Constitution;
(c) to be a candidate for public office, or office within a political party of which the citizen is a member, subject to satisfying any qualifications for such an office; and
(d) if elected, to hold office.
… (Sec. 23) - iTaukei(1) Na lewenivanua taucoko e Viti, e tu na nodra galala mera digitaka na matapolitiki, kei na dodonu—
(a) me tauyavutaka se lewena e dua na isoqosoqo vakapolitiki;
(b) me vakaitavi ena cakacaka e lavaki se vakacuru lewenivanua i na isoqosoqo vakapolitiki; kei na kena
(c) vunautaki na isoqosoqo vakapolitiki, matavakaturi se na ka e vakabauta na isoqosoqo vakapolitiki.
(2) Na lewenivanua e tu vei ira na dodonu mera vakaitavi ena veidigidigi e vakayacori vakasavasava ka matau ka solia vua na veimatavakaturi kei na veimatapolitiki mera cakacaka ena galala, kei na vakauitukutuku me vakayacori ena galala, kei na mataveilewai me soli vua na galala ni vakatulewa ka me vakayacori vakawasoma na veidigidigi ena kena digitaki na lewenimatabose se valenivolavola e yavutaki ena Yavunivakavulewa qo.
(3) Na lewenivanua kece e sa yacova na yabaki 18 e tu vei ira na dodonu—
(a) mera volayaca ni veidigidigi;
(b) mera veidigidigi vuni ka me kua ni kilai na nona digidigi ena dua na veidigidigi, se na ivakarau ni veidigidigi era vakaitavi kina na lewenivanua volayaca, mera ciqoma se sega e dua na vakatutu;
(c) me mata vakaturi ni valenivolavola ni lewenivanua, se dua na valenivolavola ni isoqosoqo vakapolitiki e lewena, kevaka e rawata na veika e gadrevi me lewena na valenivolavola ya; kei na
(d) kena digitaki, me tawana na valenivolavola.
… (Sec. 23)
Political Rights and Association
Bahrain
- English…
e. Citizens, both men and women, are entitled to participate in public affairs and may enjoy political rights, including the right to vote and to stand for elections, in accordance with this Constitution and the conditions and principles laid down by law. No citizen can be deprived of the right to vote or to nominate oneself for elections except by law.
… (Art. 1) - Arabic..
.هـ - للمواطنين، رجالاً ونساءً، حق المشاركة في الشؤون العامة والتمتع بالحقوق السياسية ، بما فيها حق الانتخاب والترشيح، وذلك وفقاً لهذا الدستور وللشروط والأوضاع التي يـبـينها القانون. ولا يجوز أن يحرم أحد المواطنين من حق الانتخاب أو الترشيح إلا وفقاً للقانون.
... (المادّة 1)
Political Rights and Association
South Africa
- EnglishEveryone has the right to freedom of association. (Sec. 18)
Political Rights and Association
Kiribati
- English(1) Except with his own consent, no person shall be hindered in the enjoyment of his freedom of assembly and association, that is to say, his right to assemble freely and associate with other persons and in particular to form or belong to associations for the advancement or protection of his interests.
… (Sec. 13)
Political Rights and Association
Cabo Verde
- English1. The creation of associations shall be free and shall not require any administrative authorization.
… (Art. 52) - Portuguese1. É livre, não carecendo de qualquer autorização administrativa, a constituição de associações.
… (Art. 52)
Political Rights and Association
Gambia
- English…
(4) In the composition of the Government, women shall be fairly represented.
… (Sec. 214)