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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
Political Rights and Association
- EnglishAll persons have the right to form associations, for any purpose whatsoever, provided they do not form an association which the law has declared unlawful. (Art. 39)
- SpanishTodas las personas tienen el derecho de asociarse, cualquiera sea el objeto que persigan, siempre que no constituyan una asociación ilícita declarada por la ley. (Art. 39)
Political Rights and Association
- English1. Elected organs of sovereignty and of local government shall be chosen by free, direct, secret, personal and regular universal suffrage.
2. Registration of voters shall be compulsory and officially initiated, single and universal, to be up-dated for each election.
3. Electoral campaigns shall be governed in accordance with the following principles:
a) Freedom to canvass;
b) Equality of opportunity and treatment for all candidacies;
c) Impartiality towards candidacies on the part of public bodies;
d) Transparency and supervision of electoral expenses.
4. Conversion of the votes into mandates shall observe the principle of proportional representation;
5. The electoral process shall be regulated by law.
… (Sec. 65) - Tetum1. Órgaun eleitu soberania nian ho podér lokál sei hili tuir eleisaun, hosi eleisaun universál, livre, diretu, sekretu ema ida votu ida, no periódiku.
2. Resenseamentu eleitorál ne’e obrigatóriu, ofisiál no ida de’it no universál no sei atualiza iha eleisaun ida-idak.
3. Kampaña eleitorál hala’o tuir PRINSÍPIU hirak tuirmai ne’e:
a) Liberdade ba propaganda eleitorál;
b) Oportunidade no tratamentu hanesan ba kandidatura hotu-hotu;
c) Imparsialidade na’in ulun boot públiku sira-nian kona-ba kandidatura;
d) Transparénsia no fiskalizasaun sura votu nian.
4. Konversaun votu nian iha mandatu hala’o tuir sistema reprezentasaun proporsionál.
5. Prosesu eleitorál sei regula tuir lei.
… (Art. 65) - Portuguese1. Os órgãos eleitos de soberania e do poder local são escolhidos através de eleições, mediante sufrágio universal, livre, directo, secreto, pessoal e periódico.
2. O recenseamento eleitoral é obrigatório, oficioso, único e universal, sendo actualizado para cada eleição.
3. As campanhas eleitorais regem-se pelos seguintes princípios:
a) Liberdade de propaganda eleitoral;
b) Igualdade de oportunidades e de tratamento das diversas candidaturas;
c) Imparcialidade das entidades públicas perante as candidaturas;
d) Transparência e fiscalização das contas eleitorais.
4. A conversão dos votos em mandatos obedece ao sistema de representação proporcional.
5. O processo eleitoral é regulado por lei.
… (Art. 65)
Political Rights and Association
- EnglishAny citizen has the right to participate in the establishment, exercise, and control of political power. To make this right effective the citizen may:
1. Elect and be elected.
2. Participate in elections, plebiscites, referendums, popular consultations, and other forms of democratic participation.
3. Constitute parties, political movements and groups without any limitation; freely take part in them and disseminate their ideas and programs.
4. Revoke the mandate of those elected in the cases and in the form established by the Constitution and the law.
... (Art. 40) - SpanishTodo ciudadano tiene derecho a participar en la conformación, ejercicio y control del poder político. Para hacer efectivo este derecho puede:
1. Elegir y ser elegido.
2. Tomar parte en elecciones, plebiscitos, referendos, consultas populares y otras formas de participación democrática.
3. Constituir partidos, movimientos y agrupaciones políticas sin limitación alguna; formar parte de ellos libremente y difundir sus ideas y programas.
4. Revocar el mandato de los elegidos en los casos y en la forma que establecen la Constitución y la ley.
… (Art. 40)
Political Rights and Association
- English…
3. All Andorran nationals fully enjoying their political rights are entitled to vote and to be eligible for election.
… (Art. 51) - Catalan…
3. Són electors i elegibles tots els andorrans que estiguin en el ple ús dels seus drets polítics.
… (Art. 51)
Political Rights and Association
- EnglishThe aim of every political association is the preservation of the natural and imprescriptible rights of Man. These rights are Liberty, Property, Safety and Resistance to Oppression. (1789 Declaration, Art. 2)
- FrenchLe but de toute association politique est la conservation des droits naturels et imprescriptibles de l'Homme. Ces droits sont la liberté, la propriété, la sûreté, et la résistance à l'oppression. (Déclaration 1789, Art. 2)
Political Rights and Association
- EnglishParties, societies, political or professional associations, as well as religious societies, whether Islamic or pertaining to one of the recognized religious minorities, are permitted provided they do not violate the principles of independence, freedom, national unity, the criteria of Islam, or the basis of the Islamic Republic. No one may be prevented from participating in the aforementioned groups, or be compelled to participate in them. (Art. 26)
- Persianاحزاب، جمعیتها، انجمنهای سیاسی و صنفی و انجمنهای اسلامی یا اقلیتهای دینی شناخته شده آزادند، مشروط به این که اصول استقلال، آزادی، وحدت ملی، موازین اسلامی و اساس جمهوری اسلامی را نقض نکنند. هیچکس را نمیتوان از شرکت در آنها منع کرد یا به شرکت در یکی از آنها مجبور ساخت. (اصل 26)
Political Rights and Association
- EnglishIndividuals have the right to address public authorities. (Art. 46)
- Arabicلكل فرد الحق في مخاطبة السلطات العامة. (المادة 46)
Political Rights and Association
- English1. Citizens of the Russian Federation shall have the right to participate in managing State affairs both directly and through their representatives.
2. Citizens of the Russian Federation shall have the right to elect and be elected to State government bodies and local self-government bodies, as well as to participate in referendums.
... (Art. 32) - Russian1. Граждане Российской Федерации имеют право участвовать в управлении делами государства как непосредственно, так и через своих представителей.
2. Граждане Российской Федерации имеют право избирать и быть избранными в органы государственной власти и органы местного самоуправления, а также участвовать в референдуме.
… (Статья 32)
Political Rights and Association
- English
The right to create associations is guaranteed. It is exercised by simple declaration.
The State encourages associations of public utility.
An organic law determines the conditions and the modalities of [the] creation of associations.
The associations may only be dissolved by virtue of a decision of justice. (Art. 53) - Arabic
حقّ إنشاء الجمعيّات مضمون، ويمارس بمجرد التصريح به.
تشجع الدولة الجمعيات ذات المنفعة العامة.
يحدّد قانون عضوي شروط وكيفيات إنشاء الجمعيّات.
لا تحل الجمعيات إلاّ بمقتضى قرار قضائي. (المــادة 53) - French
Le droit de créer des associations est garanti. Il s’exerce par simple déclaration.
L’Etat encourage les associations d’utilité publique.
Une loi organique détermine les conditions et les modalités de création des associations.
Les associations ne peuvent être dissoutes qu’en vertu d’une décision de justice. (Art. 53)
Political Rights and Association
- English(1) The Federal Republic of Germany is a democratic and social federal state.
(2) All state authority is derived from the people. It shall be exercised by the people through elections and other votes and through specific legislative, executive and judicial bodies.
… (Art. 20) - German(1) Die Bundesrepublik Deutschland ist ein demokratischer und sozialer Bundesstaat.
(2) Alle Staatsgewalt geht vom Volke aus. Sie wird vom Volke in Wahlen und Abstimmungen und durch besondere Organe der Gesetzgebung, der vollziehenden Gewalt und der Rechtsprechung ausgeübt.
… (Art. 20)