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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
ABOUT 160 RESULTS
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
Ghana
- English(1) A spouse shall not be deprived of a reasonable provision out of the estate of a spouse whether or not the spouse died having made a will.
(2) Parliament shall, as soon as practicable after the coming into force of this Constitution, enact legislation regulating the property rights of spouses.
(3) With a view to achieving the full realisation of the rights referred to in clause (2) of this article—
(a) spouses shall have equal access to property jointly acquired during marriage;
(b) assets which are jointly acquired during marriage shall be distributed equitably between the spouses upon dissolution of the marriage. (Art. 22)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
Lesotho
- English1. Subject to the provisions of subsections (4) and (5) no law shall make any provision that is discriminatory either of itself or in its effect.
…
3. In this section, the expression “discriminatory” means affording different treatment to different persons attributable wholly or mainly to their respective descriptions by race, colour, sex, language, religion, political or other opinion, national or social origin, property, birth or other status whereby persons of one such description are subjected to disabilities or restrictions to which persons of another such description are not made subject or are accorded privileges or advantages which are not accorded to persons of another such description.
4. Subsection (1) shall not apply to any law to the extent that that law makes provision—
…
b. for the application, in the case of persons of any such description as is mentioned in subsection (3) (or of persons connected with such persons), of the law with respect to adoption, marriage, divorce, burial, devolution of property on death or other like matters which is the personal law of persons of that description;
… (Sec. 18)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
Mali
- English…
The law establishes the rules concerning:
…
– … the estate and the capacity of persons, the matrimonial regimes, inheritance and gifts, the regime of property, of real rights and of civil and commercial obligations, … (Art. 70) - French…
La Loi fixe les règles concernant :
…
• … l'état et la capacité des personnes, les régimes matrimoniaux, les successions et libéralités, le régime de la propriété, des droits réels et des obligations civiles et commerciales, … (Art. 70)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
Niger
- EnglishThe law establishes the rules concerning:
…
- … the State and the capacity of the persons, the matrimonial regimes, inheritance and gifts;
… (Art. 99) - FrenchLa loi fixe les règles concernant :
…
- … l'état et la capacité des personnes, les régimes matrimoniaux, les successions et les libéralités ;
... (Art. 99)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
Somalia
- English(1) Land is Somalia’s primary resource and the basis of the people’s livelihood.
(2) Land shall be held, used and managed in an equitable, efficient, productive and sustainable manner.
(3) The Federal Government shall develop a national land policy, which shall be subject to constant review. That policy shall ensure:
(a) Equity in land allocation and the use of its resources;
(b) The guarantee of land ownership and registration;
(c) That land is utilised without causing harm to the land;
(d) That any land and property dispute is resolved promptly and satisfactorily for all;
(e) That the amount of land that a person or a company can own is specified;
(f) That the land and property market is regulated in a manner that prevents violations of the rights of small land owners; and
(g) That the Federal Member States may formulate land policies at their level.
(4) No permit may be granted regarding the permanent use of any portion of the land, sea or air of the territory of the Federal Republic of Somalia. The Federal Parliament shall enact a law regulating the size, timeline and conditions of permits of land use.
(5) The Federal Government, in consultation with the Federal Member States and other stakeholders, shall regulate land policy, and land control and use measures. (Art. 43) - Somali(1) Dhulku waa kheyraadka koowaad ee Soomaaliya iyo saldhigga nolosha dadka.
(2) Dhulka waa in loo haystaa, loo adeegsadaa, loona maamulaa si caddaalad ah, waxtar leh, waxsoosaar waarana leh.
(3) Dawladda Federaalku waa inay dejiso siyaasad dhuleed oo heer qaran ah oo si joogto ah dib-u-eegis loogu sameeyo. Siyaasaddaasi waa in ay xaqiijiso:
(a) U sinnaanshaha fursadaha helitaanka dhulka iyo ka faa’iideysiga kheyraadkiisa ;
(b) Damaanad-qaadista xuquuqda lahaanshaha dhulka iyo diiwaangelinta;
(c) Xaqiijinta ka faa’iideysiga dhulka si waafaqsan Mabaadi’da ka dheefsashada dhulka iyadoon dhibaato loo geysan.
(d) In si degdeg ah oo lagu wada qanci karo loo xalliyo khilaafaadka ka dhasha dhulka iyo hantida.
(e) In la xaddido dhulka uu qof ama shirkadi yeelan karaan;
(f) In la nidaamiyo dhaqdhaqaaqa suuqa ka-ganacsiga dhulka, si looga hortago ku-takrifalidda xuquuqda milkiilayaasha dhulka ee yaryar.
(g) Dawladaha Xubinta ka ah Dawladda Federaalka Soomaaliya waxay dejinayaan siyaasad-dhuleed oo heerkooda ah.
(4) Lama bixin karo ruqsad la xiriirta isticmaalka abadiga ah ee berriga, badda iyo hawada sare ee Jamhuuriyadda Federaalka Soomaaliya. Sharci Baarlamaanka Federaalku soo saaro ayaa xaddidaya baaxadda, muddada iyo shuruudaha rukhsadaha istcimaalkooda.
(5) Dawladda Federaalku iyadoo la tashaneysa Dawladaha xubinta ka ah Federaalka iyo ciddii kale oo ay quseyso, waxay dejineysaa siyaasadda dhulka iyo qaab lagu koontaroolo, laguna isticmaalo dhulka. (Qodobka 43aad.)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
Uganda
- English1. Every person has a right to own property either individually or in association with others.
… (Art. 26)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
Botswana
- English(1) Subject to the provisions of subsections (4), (5) and (7) of this section, no law shall make any provision that is discriminatory either of itself or in its effect.
…
(3) In this section, the expression “discriminatory” means affording different treatment to different persons, attributable wholly or mainly to their respective descriptions by race, tribe, place of origin, political opinions, colour, creed or sex whereby persons of one such description are subjected to disabilities or restrictions to which persons of another such description are not made subject or are accorded privileges or advantages which are not accorded to persons of another such description.
(4) Subsection (1) of this section shall not apply to any law so far as that law makes provision-
…
(c) with respect to adoption, marriage, divorce, burial, devolution of property on death or other matters of personal law;
… (Sec. 15)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
Zimbabwe
- EnglishSubject to any limitation imposed by law, an owner or occupier of agricultural land has the right to transfer, hypothecate, lease or dispose of his or her right in agricultural land. (Sec. 294)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
Chad
- EnglishThe customary and traditional rules governing the matrimonial regimes and inheritance may only be applicable with the consent of the parties concerned.
In default of consent, the national law alone is applicable.
It is the same in case of conflict between two [2] or more customary rules. (Art. 162) - Arabicلا يجوز تطبيق القواعد العرفية والتقليدية التي تحكم أنظمة الزواج والإرث إلا بموافقة الأطراف المعنية.
في غياب الموافقة، يطبق وحده القانون الوطني.
يجري الأمر نفسه في حالة وجود تعارض بين قاعدتين (2) عرفيتين أو أكثر. (المادة (162) - FrenchLes règles coutumières et traditionnelles régissant les régimes matrimoniaux et les successions ne peuvent s'appliquer qu'avec le consentement des parties concernées.
A défaut de consentement, la loi nationale est seule applicable.
The same [applies] in case of conflict between two or more customary rules. (Art. 162)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
Equatorial Guinea
- English1. The State recognizes property of public and private character.
2. The right to property is guaranteed and protected with no greater limitations than those established by the law.
3. Property is inviolable[;] no person may be deprived of his assets and rights, save for reasons of public utility and [with] corresponding indemnization.
4. The State guarantees to farmers the traditional ownership of the lands that they possess.
… (Art. 30) - Spanish1. El Estado reconoce la propiedad de carácter público y privado.
2. El derecho a la propiedad queda garantizado y protegido sin más limitaciones que las establecidas por la ley.
3. La propiedad es inviolable, ninguna persona puede ser privada de sus bienes y derechos, salvo por causas de utilidad pública y correspondiente indemnización.
4. El Estado garantiza a los agricultores la propiedad tradicional de las tierras que poseen.
… (Art. 30) - French1. L'État reconnaît la propriété publique et privée.
2. Le droit de propriété est garanti et protégé sans autres limitations que celles prévues par la loi.
3. La propriété est inviolable ; nul ne peut être privé de ses biens et de ses droits, sauf pour des raisons d'utilité publique et moyennant une indemnisation.
4. L'État garantit aux agriculteurs la propriété traditionnelle des terres qu'ils possèdent.
… (Art. 30)