SEARCH DATABASE
The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
ABOUT 523 RESULTS
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
Thailand
- EnglishA person shall enjoy the right to property and succession.
The extent and restriction of such right shall be as provided by law. … (Sec. 37) - Thaiบุคคลย่อมมีสิทธิในทรัพย์สินและการสืบมรดก
ขอบเขตแห่งสิทธิและการจํากัดสิทธิเช่นว่านี้ ให้เป็นไปตามที่กฎหมายบัญญัติ … (มาตรา ๓๗)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
Botswana
- English(1) Subject to the provisions of subsections (4), (5) and (7) of this section, no law shall make any provision that is discriminatory either of itself or in its effect.
…
(3) In this section, the expression “discriminatory” means affording different treatment to different persons, attributable wholly or mainly to their respective descriptions by race, tribe, place of origin, political opinions, colour, creed or sex whereby persons of one such description are subjected to disabilities or restrictions to which persons of another such description are not made subject or are accorded privileges or advantages which are not accorded to persons of another such description.
(4) Subsection (1) of this section shall not apply to any law so far as that law makes provision-
…
(c) with respect to adoption, marriage, divorce, burial, devolution of property on death or other matters of personal law;
… (Sec. 15)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
Ghana
- English(1) All stool lands in Ghana shall vest in the appropriate stool on behalf of, and in trust for the subjects of the stool in accordance with customary law and usage.
(2) There shall be established the Office of the Administrator of Stool Lands which shall be responsible for—
(a) the establishment of a stool land account for each stool into which shall be paid all rents, dues, royalties, revenues or other payments whether in the nature of income or capital from the stool lands;
(b) the collection of all such rents, dues, royalties, revenues or other payments whether in the nature of income or capital, and to account for them to the beneficiaries specified in clause (6) of this article; and
(c) the disbursement of such revenues as may be determined in accordance with clause (6) of this article.
(3) There shall be no disposition or development of any stool land unless the Regional Lands Commission of the region in which the land is situated has certified that the disposition or development is consistent with the development plan drawn up or approved by the planning authority for the area concerned.
…
(7) The Administrator of Stool Lands and the Regional Lands Commission shall consult with the stools and other traditional authorities in all matters relating to the administration and development of stool land and shall make available to them all relevant information and data.
(8) The Lands Commission and the Administrator of Stool lands shall co-ordinate with all relevant public agencies and traditional authorities and stools in preparing a policy framework for the rational and productive development and management of stool lands.
… (Art. 267)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
Dominican Republic
- EnglishThe State recognizes and guarantees the right of property. Property has a social function and implies obligations. All persons have the right to the full use, enjoyment, and disposal of their assets.
…
2. The State shall promote, in accordance with the law, access to property, especially to titled real estate.
3. The dedication of land to useful ends and the gradual elimination of the system of large estates is declared to be in the social interest. Promoting agrarian reform and the integration of the rural, farming population into the process of national development in an effective way through stimulation and cooperation for the renewal of their methods of agricultural production and their technological training is a principal objective of the social policy of the State.
… (Art. 51) - SpanishEl Estado reconoce y garantiza el derecho de propiedad. La propiedad tiene una función social que implica obligaciones. Toda persona tiene derecho al goce, disfrute y disposición de sus bienes.
…
2) El Estado promoverá, de acuerdo con la ley, el acceso a la propiedad, en especial a la propiedad inmobiliaria titulada;
3) Se declara de interés social la dedicación de la tierra a fines útiles y la eliminación gradual del latifundio. Es un objetivo principal de la política social del Estado, promover la reforma agraria y la integración de forma efectiva de la población campesina al proceso de desarrollo nacional, mediante el estímulo y la cooperación para la renovación de sus métodos de producción agrícola y su capacitación tecnológica;
… (Art. 51)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
Viet Nam
- English1. Land is a special national resource and an important resource for national development, and is managed in accordance with law.
2. The State shall allocate or lease land to, and recognize land use rights of, organizations and individuals. Land users may transfer land use rights, exercise their rights, and perform their obligations in accordance with law. Land use rights shall be protected by law.
… (Art. 54) - Vietnamese1. Đất đai là tài nguyên đặc biệt của quốc gia, nguồn lực quan trọng phát triển đất nước, được quản lý theo pháp luật.
2. Tổ chức, cá nhân được Nhà nước giao đất, cho thuê đất, công nhận quyền sử dụng đất. Người sử dụng đất được chuyển quyền sử dụng đất, thực hiện các quyền và nghĩa vụ theo quy định của luật. Quyền sử dụng đất được pháp luật bảo hộ.
… (Điều 54)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
Chad
- EnglishThe customary and traditional rules governing the matrimonial regimes and inheritance may only be applicable with the consent of the parties concerned.
In default of consent, the national law alone is applicable.
It is the same in case of conflict between two [2] or more customary rules. (Art. 162) - Arabicلا يجوز تطبيق القواعد العرفية والتقليدية التي تحكم أنظمة الزواج والإرث إلا بموافقة الأطراف المعنية.
في غياب الموافقة، يطبق وحده القانون الوطني.
يجري الأمر نفسه في حالة وجود تعارض بين قاعدتين (2) عرفيتين أو أكثر. (المادة (162) - FrenchLes règles coutumières et traditionnelles régissant les régimes matrimoniaux et les successions ne peuvent s'appliquer qu'avec le consentement des parties concernées.
A défaut de consentement, la loi nationale est seule applicable.
The same [applies] in case of conflict between two or more customary rules. (Art. 162)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
Lesotho
- EnglishLesotho shall adopt policies which encourage its citizens to acquire property including land, houses, tools and equipment; and shall take such other economic measures as the State shall consider affordable. (Sec. 34)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
Guatemala
- EnglishThrough special programs and adequate legislation, the State will provide state lands to the indigenous communities who may need them for their development. (Art. 68)
- SpanishMediante programas especiales y legislación adecuada, el Estado proveerá de tierras estatales a las comunidades indígenas que las necesiten para su desarrollo. (Art. 68)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
Denmark
- EnglishNo fiefs, estates tail in land, or estates tail in personal property or family estates shall be created in future. (Sec. 84)
- DanishIntet len, stamhus, fideikommisgods eller andet familiefideikommis kan for fremtiden oprettes. (§ 84)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
Equatorial Guinea
- English1. The State recognizes property of public and private character.
2. The right to property is guaranteed and protected with no greater limitations than those established by the law.
3. Property is inviolable[;] no person may be deprived of his assets and rights, save for reasons of public utility and [with] corresponding indemnization.
4. The State guarantees to farmers the traditional ownership of the lands that they possess.
… (Art. 30) - Spanish1. El Estado reconoce la propiedad de carácter público y privado.
2. El derecho a la propiedad queda garantizado y protegido sin más limitaciones que las establecidas por la ley.
3. La propiedad es inviolable, ninguna persona puede ser privada de sus bienes y derechos, salvo por causas de utilidad pública y correspondiente indemnización.
4. El Estado garantiza a los agricultores la propiedad tradicional de las tierras que poseen.
… (Art. 30) - French1. L'État reconnaît la propriété publique et privée.
2. Le droit de propriété est garanti et protégé sans autres limitations que celles prévues par la loi.
3. La propriété est inviolable ; nul ne peut être privé de ses biens et de ses droits, sauf pour des raisons d'utilité publique et moyennant une indemnisation.
4. L'État garantit aux agriculteurs la propriété traditionnelle des terres qu'ils possèdent.
… (Art. 30)