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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
- EnglishI. The property in the Republic of Azerbaijan is inviolable and protected by the State.
II. The property can have the form of State property, private property and municipal property.
… (Art. 13) - AzerbaijaniI. Azərbaycan Respublikasında mülkiyyət toxunulmazdır və dövlət tərəfindən müdafiə olunur.
II. Mülkiyyət dövlət mülkiyyəti, xüsusi mülkiyyət və bələdiyyə mülkiyyəti növündə ola bilər.
... (Maddə 13)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
- EnglishThe right to private property shall be protected by law.
Citizens shall have the right to own private property, use and dispose it individually or jointly with others.
The inheritance right shall be guaranteed. (Art. 48) - RussianПраво частной собственности охраняется законом.
Каждый человек вправе иметь в собственности имущество, владеть, пользоваться и распоряжаться им как единолично, так и совместно с другими лицами.
Право наследования гарантируется. (Статья 48) - TurkmenHususy eýeçilik hukugy kanun bilen goralýar.
Her bir adam eýeçiliginde emläginiň bolmagyna, emlägine özbaşdak, şeýle-de beýleki şahslar bilen bilelikde eýelik etmäge, ondan peýdalanmaga we oňa ygtyýar etmäge haklydyr.
Miras hukugy kepillendirilýär. (48-nji madda)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
- English…
(19) Ownership shall mean the right guaranteed to every person by law to use, enjoy and dispose of property.
… (Preamble) - French…
(19) La propriété est le droit d’user, de jouir et de disposer des biens garantis à chacun par la loi.
… (Préambule)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
- EnglishProperty may not be violated, and no inhabitant of the Nation can be deprived of it except by virtue of a sentence based on law. … (Sec. 17)
- SpanishLa propiedad es inviolable, y ningún habitante de la Nación puede ser privado de ella, sino en virtud de sentencia fundada en ley. … (Art. 17)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
- English
House of Representatives:
…
2) considers draft laws ... on the principles of the implementation of property relations;
… (Art. 97) - Belarusian
Палата прадстаўнікоў:
…
2) разглядае праекты законаў, у тым ліку … аб прынцыпах ажыццяўлення адносін уласнасці
… (Артыкул 97) - Russian
Палата представителей:
…
2) рассматривает проекты законов, в том числе … о принципах осуществления отношений собственности
… (Статья 97)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
- EnglishPrivate property is sacred.
The State guarantees the right to individual or collective property, acquired in conformity to the law or to custom.
… (Art. 34) - FrenchLa propriété privée est sacrée.
L’Etat garantit le droit à la propriété individuelle ou collective acquis conformément à la loi ou à la coutume.
… (Art. 34)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
- EnglishLatifundio and double title are prohibited because they are contrary to the collective interest and development of the country. Latifundio is understood to mean the non-productive holding of land; the land that does not fulfill a social economic function; the exploitation of land that applies a system of servitude, quasi-slavery and slavery in labor relations; or the property that surpasses the maximum surface area established in the law. In no case may the maximum surface exceed five thousand hectares. (Art. 398)
- SpanishSe prohíbe el latifundio y la doble titulación por ser contrarios al interés colectivo y al desarrollo del país. Se entiende por latifundio la tenencia improductiva de la tierra; la tierra que no cumpla la función económica social; la explotación de la tierra que aplica un sistema de servidumbre, semiesclavitud o esclavitud en la relación laboral o la propiedad que sobrepasa la superficie máxima zonificada establecida en la ley. La superficie máxima en ningún caso podrá exceder de cinco mil hectáreas. (Art. 398)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
- EnglishThe right of private ownership shall be inviolate.
… (Art. 72) - IcelandicEignarrétturinn er friðhelgur.
… (72. gr.)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
- English1. Every Ethiopian citizen has the right to the ownership of private property. Unless prescribed otherwise by law on account of public interest, this right shall include the right to acquire, to use and, in a manner compatible with the rights of other citizens, to dispose of such property by sale or bequest or to transfer it otherwise.
2. "Private property", for the purpose of this Article, shall mean any tangible or intangible product which has value and is produced by the labour, creativity, enterprise or capital of an individual citizen, associations which enjoy juridical personality under the law, or in appropriate circumstances, by communities specifically empowered by law to own property in common.
3. The right to ownership of rural and urban land, as well as of all natural resources, is exclusively vested in the State and in the peoples of Ethiopia. Land is a common property of the Nations, Nationalities and Peoples of Ethiopia and shall not be subject to sale or to other means of exchange.
4. Ethiopian peasants have right to obtain land without payment and the protection against eviction from their possession. The implementation of this provision shall be specified by law.
5. Ethiopian pastoralists have the right to free land for grazing and cultivation as well as the right not to be displaced from their own lands. The implementation shall be specified by law.
…
7. Every Ethiopian shall have the full right to the immovable property he builds and to the permanent improvements he brings about on the land by his labour or capital. This right shall include the right to alienate, to bequeath, and, where the right of use expires, to remove his property, transfer his title, or claim compensation for it. Particulars shall be determined by law.
… (Art. 40) - Amharic1. ማንኛውም የኢትዮጵያ ዜጋ የግል ንብረት ባለቤት መሆኑ/መሆኗ ይከበርለታል/ ይከበርላታል፡፡ ይህ መብት የሕዝብን ጥቅም ለመጠበቅ በሌላ ሁኔታ በሕግ እስካልተወሰነ ድረስ ንብረት የመያዝና በንብረት የመጠቀም ወይም የሌሎችን ዜጐች መብቶች እስካልተቃረነ ድረስ ንብረትን የመሸጥ የማውረስ ወይም በሌላ መንገድ የማስተላለፍ መብቶችን ያካትታል፡፡
2. ለዚህ አንቀጽ ዓላማ «የግል ንብረት» ማለት ማንኛውም ኢትዮጵያዊ ዜጋ ወይም ሕጋዊ ሰውነት በሕግ የተሰጣቸው ኢትዮጵያዊ ማኅበራት ወይም አግባብ በአላቸው ሁኔታዎች በሕግ በተለየ በጋራ የንብረት ባለቤት እንዲሆኑ የተፈቀደላቸው ማኅበረሰቦች በጉልበታቸው፣ በመፍጠር ችሎታቸው ወይም በካፒታላቸው ያፈሩት ተጨባጭ የሆነና የተጨባጭነት ጠባይ ሳይኖረው ዋጋ ያለው ውጤት ነው፡፡
3. የገጠርም ሆነ የከተማ መሬትና የተፈጥሮ ሀብት ባለቤትነት መብት የመንግሥትና የሕዝብ ብቻ ነው፡፡ መሬት የማይሸጥ የማይለወጥ የኢትዮጵያ ብሔሮች፣ብሔረሰቦችና ሕዝቦች የጋራ ንብረት ነው፡፡
4. የኢትዮጵያ አርሶ አደሮች መሬት በነጻ የማግኘትና ከመሬታቸው ያለመነቀል መብታቸው የተከበረ ነው፡፡ አፈጻጸሙን በተመለከተ ዝርዝር ሕግ ይወጣል፡፡
5. የኢትዮጵያ ዘላኖች ለግጦሽም ሆነ ለእርሻ የሚጠቀሙበት መሬት በነጻ የማግኘት፣የመጠቀምና ከመሬታቸው ያለመፈናቀል መብት አላቸው፡፡ ዝርዝር አፈጻጸሙ በሕግ ይወሰናል፡፡
…
7. ማንም ኢትዮጵያዊ በጉልበቱ፣ ወይም በገንዘቡ በመሬት ላይ ለሚገነባው ቋሚ ንብረት ወይም ለሚያደርገው ቋሚ መሻሻል ሙሉ መብት አለው፡፡ ይህ መብት የመሸጥ፣ የመለወጥ፣ የማውረስ፣ የመሬት ተጠቃሚነቱ ሲቋረጥ ንብረቱን የማንሳት፣ ባለቤትነቱን የማዛወር ወይም የካሳ ክፍያ የመጠየቅ መብትን ያካትታል፡፡ ዝርዝር አፈጻጸሙ በሕግ ይወሰናል፡፡
… (አንቀጽ 40)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
- EnglishThe assets of public use, the natural parks, the communal lands of ethnic groups, the lands of security zones, the archaeological heritage of the Nation, and other assets determined by law are inalienable, imprescriptible, and unseizable. (Art. 63)
- SpanishLos bienes de uso público, los parques naturales, las tierras comunales de grupos étnicos, las tierras de resguardo, el patrimonio arqueológico de la Nación y los demás bienes que determine la ley, son inalienables, imprescriptibles e inembargables. (Art. 63)