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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
Status of the Constitution
- English
(1) Judges, in the performance of their function, shall be independent and, in decision making shall be bound by the Constitution, by constitutional law, by international treaty pursuant to Art. 7, paras. 2 and 5, and by law.
(2) If a Court assumes that other generally binding legal regulation, its part, or its individual provisions which concern a pending matter contradicts the Constitution, constitutional law, international treaty pursuant to Art. 7, para. 5 or law, it shall suspend the proceedings and shall submit a proposal for the commence of proceedings according to Art. 125, para. 1. Legal opinion of the Constitutional Court of the Slovak Republic contained in the decision shall be binding for the Court. (Art. 144) - Slovak
(1) Sudcovia sú pri výkone svojej funkcie nezávislí a pri rozhodovaní sú viazaní ústavou, ústavným zákonom, medzinárodnou zmluvou podľa čl. 7 ods. 2 a 5 a zákonom.
(2) Ak sa súd domnieva, ţe iný všeobecne záväzný právny predpis, jeho časť alebo jeho jednotlivé ustanovenie, ktoré sa týka prejednávanej veci, odporuje ústave, ústavnému zákonu, medzinárodnej zmluve podľa čl. 7 ods. 5 alebo zákonu, konanie preruší a podá návrh na začatie konania na základe čl. 125 ods. 1. Právny názor ústavného súdu obsiahnutý v rozhodnutí je pre súd záväzný. (Čl. 144)
Status of the Constitution
- English…
This Constitution affirms the achievements of the struggles of the Chinese people of all nationalities and defines the basic system and basic tasks of the state in legal form; it is the fundamental law of the state and has supreme legal authority. The people of all nationalities, all state organs, the armed forces, all political parties and public organizations and all enterprises and undertakings in the country must take the Constitution as the basic norm of conduct, and they have the duty to uphold the dignity of the Constitution and ensure its implementation. (Preamble) - Chinese…
本宪法以法律的形式确认了中国各族人民奋斗的成果,规定了国家的根本制度和根本任务,是国家的根本法,具有最高的法律效力。全国各族人民、一切国家机关和武装力量、各政党和各社会团体、各企业事业组织,都必须以宪法为根本的活动准则,并且负有维护宪法尊严、保证宪法实施的职责。(序言)
Status of the Constitution
- EnglishAll citizens shall have the duty to:
…
5. respect and defend the Constitution;
… (Art. 25)
Status of the Constitution
- EnglishThe organs of the State must subject their action to the Constitution and to the norms adopted [dictar] in conformity with it, and guarantee the institutional order of the Republic.
The precepts of this Constitution obligate both the titular [officials] [titulares] or members [integrantes] of said organs, as well as any person, institution or group.
The infraction of this norm will generate the responsibilities and penalties that the law determines. (Art. 6) - SpanishLos órganos del Estado deben someter su acción a la Constitución y a las normas dictadas conforme a ella, y garantizar el orden institucional de la República.
Los preceptos de esta Constitución obligan tanto a los titulares o integrantes de dichos órganos como a toda persona, institución o grupo.
La infracción de esta norma generará las responsabilidades y sanciones que determine la ley. (Art. 6)
Status of the Constitution
- English
…
2. The Constitution is the highest law in the Republic of Albania.
3. The provisions of the Constitution are directly applicable, except when the Constitution provides otherwise. (Art. 4) - Albanian
…
2. Kushtetuta është ligji më i lartë në Republikën e Shqipërisë.
3. Dispozitat e Kushtetutës zbatohen drejtpërsëdrejti, përveç rasteve kur Kushtetuta parashikon ndryshe. (Neni 4)
Status of the Constitution
- EnglishThis Act, and all laws made by the Parliament of the Commonwealth under the Constitution, shall be binding on the courts, judges, and people of every State and of every part of the Commonwealth, notwithstanding anything in the laws of any State; and the laws of the Commonwealth shall be in force on all British ships, the Queen’s ships of war excepted, whose first port of clearance and whose port of destination are in the Commonwealth. (Covering Clause 5)
Status of the Constitution
- English…
Sovereignty is exercised in accordance with this Constitution which is the supreme Law of the State.
Any law, any regulatory text and administrative act contrary to its provisions are null and of null effect.
… (Art. 2) - French…
La souveraineté s'exerce conformément à la présente Constitution qui est la Loi suprême de l'État.
Toute loi, tout texte réglementaire et acte administratif contraires à ses dispositions sont nuls et de nul effet.
… (Art. 2)
Status of the Constitution
- EnglishThe fundamental rights recognized in this Constitution determine the existence of an order of judicial and moral responsibility that rules the conduct of men and women in society. Consequently, the following are declared as fundamental duties of people:
1. To obey and follow the Constitution and the laws, to respect and obey the authorities established by it.
… (Art. 75) - SpanishLos derechos fundamentales reconocidos en esta Constitución determinan la existencia de un orden de responsabilidad jurídica y moral, que obliga la conducta del hombre y la mujer en sociedad. En consecuencia, se declaran como deberes fundamentales de las personas los siguientes:
1) Acatar y cumplir la Constitución y las leyes, respetar y obedecer las autoridades establecidas por ellas;
… (Art. 75)
Status of the Constitution
- EnglishThe Constitution cannot be wholly or partially suspended. (Art. 187)
- DutchDe Grondwet kan noch geheel, noch ten dele worden geschorst. (Art. 187)
- FrenchLa Constitution ne peut être suspendue en tout ni en partie. (Art. 187)
- GermanDie Verfassung darf weder ganz noch teilweise ausgesetzt werden. (Art. 187)
Status of the Constitution
- EnglishThis Constitution takes effect 1 year after ratification unless the Congress of Micronesia by joint resolution specifies an earlier date. If a provision of this Constitution is held to be in fundamental conflict with the United Nations Charter or the Trusteeship Agreement between the United States of America and the United Nations, the provision does not become effective until the date of termination of the Trusteeship Agreement. (Art. XVI, Sec. 1)