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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.

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Status of the Constitution

Micronesia, Federated States of
  • English
    A local government and its agencies may continue to exist even though its charter or powers are inconsistent with this Constitution. To promote an orderly transition to the provisions of this Constitution, and until state governments are established, Congress shall provide for the resolution of inconsistencies between local government charters and powers, and this Constitution. This provision ceases to be effective 5 years after the effective date of this Constitution. (Art. XV, Sec. 4)

Status of the Constitution

Angola
  • English
    1. The validity of laws and the various acts of the state, the public administration and the local authorities shall depend on their compliance with the Constitution.
    2. Laws or acts which violate the principles and norms enshrined in this Constitution shall be unconstitutional. (Art. 226)
  • Portuguese
    1. A validade das leis e dos demais actos do Estado, da administração pública e do poder local depende da sua conformidade com a Constituição.
    2. São inconstitucionais as leis e os actos que violem os princípios e normas consagrados na presente Constituição. (Art. 226)

Status of the Constitution

Rwanda
  • English
    Where an international treaty or agreement contains provisions which are conflicting with the Constitution or an organic law, the power to ratify or approve that treaty or agreement cannot be exercised until the Constitution or the organic law is amended. (Art. 170)
  • Kinyarwanda
    Iyo amasezerano mpuzamahanga afite ingingo inyuranyije n’Itegeko Nshinga cyangwa Itegeko Ngenga, ububasha bwo kuyemeza burundu ntibushobora gutangwa Itegeko Nshinga cyangwa iryo tegeko ngenga bitabanje kuvugururwa. (Ingingo ya 170)
  • French
    Lorsqu’un traité ou accord international comporte une clause contraire à la Constitution ou à une loi organique, le pouvoir de le ratifier ou de l’approuver ne peut être exercé qu’après la révision de la Constitution ou de la loi organique. (Art. 170)

Status of the Constitution

Estonia
  • English
    Laws are passed in accordance with the Constitution. (Sec. 102)
  • Estonian
    Seadusi võetakse vastu kooskõlas põhiseadusega. (§ 102)

Status of the Constitution

Cabo Verde
  • English
    1. All citizens shall enjoy their rights, liberties and guarantees and shall be subject to the duties established in the Constitution.
    … (Art. 23)
  • Portuguese
    1. Todos os cidadãos gozam dos direitos, das liberdades e das garantias e estão sujeitos aos deveres estabelecidos na Constituição.
    … (Art. 23)

Status of the Constitution

South Africa
  • English
    (1) The Republic of South Africa is one, sovereign, democratic state founded on the following values:
    …
    (c) Supremacy of the constitution and the rule of law.
    … (Sec. 1)

Status of the Constitution

Indonesia
  • English
    All existing laws and regulations shall remain in effect as long as new laws and regulations have not yet taken effect under this Constitution. (Transitional Provisions, Art. II)
  • Indonesian
    Semua lembaga negara yang ada masih tetap berfungsi sepanjang untuk melaksanakan ketentuan Undang-Undang Dasar dan belum diadakan yang baru menurut Undang-Undang Dasar ini. (Aturan Peralihan, Pasal II)

Status of the Constitution

Greece
  • English
    …
    4. The judgments of this Court shall be irrevocable.
    Provisions of a statute declared unconstitutional shall be invalid as of the date of publication of the respective judgment, or as of the date specified by the ruling.
    … (Art. 100)
  • Greek
    …
    4. Oι απoφάσεις τoυ δικαστηρίoυ είναι αμετάκλητες.
    Διάταξη νόμoυ, πoυ κηρύσσεται αντισυνταγματική, είναι ανίσχυρη από τη δημoσίευση της σχετικής απόφασης ή από τo χρόνo πoυ oρίζεται με την απόφαση.
    … (Άρθρo 100)

Status of the Constitution

Comoros
  • English
    …
    If the Supreme Court, referred to [the matter] by the President of the Union, by the President of the Assembly of the Union or by the Governors of the Islands, declares that an international commitment includes a clause contrary to the Constitution, the authorization to ratify it or approve it may only intervene after the revision of the Constitution.
    … (Art. 12)
  • Arabic
    …
    إذا أعلنت المحكمة العليا التي يحيل إليها رئيس الاتحاد أو رئيس البرلمان أو حكام الجزر التزاماً دولياً يتضمن شرطاً يتعارض مع الدستور، لا يجوز أن تدخل المصادقة أو الموافقة عليه إلا بعد مراجعة الدستور.
    ... (المادة 12)
  • French
    …
    Si la Cour Suprême, saisie par le Président de l’Union, par le Président de l’Assemblée de l’Union ou par les Gouverneurs des Iles, déclare qu’un engagement international comporte une clause contraire à la Constitution, l’autorisation de la ratifier ou de l’approuver ne peut intervenir qu’après la révision de la Constitution.
    … (Art. 12)

Status of the Constitution

Tunisia
  • English

    …
    The treaties ratified by the President of the Republic and approved by the Assembly of the Representatives of the People have an authority superior to the law and inferior to the Constitution. (Art. 74)

  • Arabic

    ...
    والمعاهدات المصادق عليها من قبل رئيس الجمهوريّة والموافق عليها من قبل مجلس نوّاب الشّعب أعلى من القوانين ودون الدّستور. (الفصل 74)

  • French

    ...
    Les traités ratifiés par le Président de la République et approuvés par l'Assemblée des représentants du peuple ont une autorité supérieure à la loi et inférieure à la Constitution. (Art. 74)