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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
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Customary Law
Benin
- English
The State recognizes traditional leadership [chefferie], guardian of habits [us] and customs [,] within the conditions established by the law. (Art. 151-1)
- French
L’Etat reconnait la chefferie traditionnelle gardienne des us et coutumes dans les conditions fixées par la loi. (Art. 151-1)
Customary Law
Malawi
- EnglishExcept in so far as they are inconsistent with this Constitution, all Acts of Parliament, common law and customary law in force on the appointed day shall continue to have force of law, as if they had been made in accordance with and in pursuance of this Constitution:
Provided that any laws currently in force may be amended or repealed by an Act of Parliament or be declared unconstitutional by a competent court. (Sec. 200)
Customary Law
Botswana
- English(1) There shall be a Ntlo ya Dikgosi for Botswana which shall consist of not less than 33 nor more than 35 Members which shall be constituted as follows-
(a) one person from each of the following areas, which person for the time being performs the functions of the office of Kgosi in respect of such areas-
(i) Barolong Farms in the Southern District,
(ii) Chobe in the North West District,
(iii) Ga Malete in the South East District,
(iv) Ga Mmangwato in the Central District,
(v) Ghanzi District,
(vi) Goo Tawana in the North West District,
(vii) Kgalagadi District,
(viii) Kgatleng District,
(ix) Kweneng District,
(x) Ngwaketse in the Southern District,
(xi) North East District, and
(xii) Tlokweng in the South East District;
(b) five persons who shall be appointed by the President; and
(c) such number of persons, not being more than 20, as may be selected under section 78(4)(c) of this Constitution.
(2) Notwithstanding the provisions of subsection (1)(a), the number of persons referred to in that subsection may, by virtue of section 78 (5), be less than 12, but not less than 10. (Sec. 77)
Customary Law
Central African Republic
- English…
It recognizes and protects the traditional values in accordance with the law and the Customary Authorities.
… (Art. 24) - French…
Elle reconnaît et protège les valeurs traditionnelles conformes à la loi et les Autorités costumières.
… (Art. 24)
Customary Law
Nigeria
- EnglishThe Customary Court of Appeal of the Federal Capital Territory, Abuja shall, in addition to such other jurisdiction as may be conferred upon by an Act of The National Assembly Exercise such appellate and supervisory jurisdiction in civil proceedings involving questions of Customary law. (Sec. 267)
Customary Law
Myanmar
- EnglishEvery citizen shall, in accord with the law, have the right to freely develop literature, culture, arts, customs and traditions they cherish. In the process, they shall avoid any act detrimental to national solidarity. Moreover, any particular action which might adversely affect the interests of one or several other national races shall be taken only after coordinating with and obtaining the settlement of those affected. (Sec. 365)
- Burmeseနိုင်ငံသားတိုင်းသည် ဥပဒေနှင့်အညီ မိမိတို့အမြတ်တနိုးထားရှိသော စာပေ၊ ယဉ်ကျေးမှု၊ အနုပညာနှင့် ဓလေ့ထုံးတမ်းတို့ကို လွတ်လပ်စွာ ပြုစုပျိူးထောင်ဆောင်ရွက်ပိုင်ခွင့်ရှိသည်။ ယင်းသို့ဆောင်ရွက်ရာတွင် တိုင်းရင်းသားစည်းလုံးညီညွတ်ရေးကို ထိပါးမှုမရှိစေရန် ရှောင်ကြဉ်ရမည်။ ထို့ပြင်မိမိတို့၏ ဆောင်ရွက်မှုသည် အခြားတိုင်းရင်းသားလူမျိုး တစ်မျိုးကိုဖြစ်စေ၊ လူမျိုးများကိုဖြစ်စေ ထိခိုက်နစ်နာစေနိုင်လျှင် သက်ဆိုင်သူများအချင်းချင်းညှိနှိုင်း၍ ပြေလည်မှုရရှိပြီးမှသာ ဆောင်ရွက်ခွင့် ရှိသည်။ (ပုဒ်မ-၃၆၅)
Customary Law
Micronesia, Federated States of
- EnglishThe Congress may establish, when needed, a Chamber of Chiefs consisting of traditional leaders from each state having such leaders, and of elected representatives from states having no traditional leaders. The constitution of a state having traditional leaders may provide for an active, functional role for them. (Art. V, Sec. 3)
Customary Law
Zimbabwe
- English…
(2) When interpreting an enactment, and when developing the common law and customary law, every court, tribunal, forum or body must promote and be guided by the spirit and objectives of this Chapter13. (Sec. 46)
Customary Law
Papua New Guinea
- English(1) Subject to this Part, the principles and rules that formed, immediately before Independence Day, the principles and rules of common law and equity in England are adopted, and shall be applied and enforced, as part of the underlying law, except if, and to the extent that-
…
(c) in their application to any particular matter they are inconsistent with custom as adopted by Part I. (Schedule 2.2)
Customary Law
Eswatini
- English(1) There shall be a Council of Chiefs which shall be composed of twelve Chiefs drawn from the four regions of the Kingdom appointed by the iNgwenyama on a rotational basis.
(2) There shall be a Chairman of the Council who shall be appointed by the iNgwenyama and a secretary whose office shall be a public office.
(3) The Council of Chiefs shall be responsible for, among other things ...
(a) advising the King on customary issues and any matter relating to or affecting chieftaincy including chieftaincy disputes;
(b) performing the function in terms of section 115; and
(c) performing such other functions as may be assigned by this Constitution or any other law.
… (Sec. 251)