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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
Jurisdiction and Access
- English1. The President of the Republic may request the Supreme Court of Justice to undertake an anticipatory review of the constitutionality of any statute submitted to him or her for promulgation.
… (Sec. 149) - Tetum1. Prezidente-Repúblika bele husu ba Tribunál Supremu Justisa nian atu halo apresiasaun preventivu kona-ba konstitusionalidade ba naran diploma ida-ne’ebé nia simu atu halo promulgasaun.
… (Art. 149) - Portuguese1. O Presidente da República pode requerer ao Supremo Tribunal de Justiça a apreciação preventiva da constitucionalidade de qualquer diploma que lhe tenha sido enviado para promulgação.
… (Art. 149)
Jurisdiction and Access
- English
...
(2) Except for Part IX Land and Titles Court, an appeal shall lie to the Court of Appeal from any decision of the Supreme Court in any proceeding, if the Supreme Court certifies that the case involves a substantial question of law as to the interpretation or effect of any provision of this Constitution; and:
(a) where such a certificate is given or such leave granted, any party in the case may appeal to the Court of Appeal on the ground that any such question has been wrongly decided and, with the leave of that Court, on any other ground; or
(b) where the Supreme Court has refused to give such a certificate, the Court of Appeal may, if it is satisfied that the case involves a substantial question of law as to the interpretation or effect of any provision of this Constitution, grant special leave to appeal from that decision. (Art. 75) - Samoan
...
(2) Vagana mo le Vaega IX - Faamasinoga o Fanua ma Suafa, o le a faia o se talosaga i le Faamasinoga o Talosaga faasaga i so o se faaiuga a le Faamasinoga Sili i so o se taualumaga, pe afai e faamaonia e le Faamasinoga Sili e faapea o le mataupu e aafia ai se Vaega tele tau le Tulafono i le itu i le faamalamalamaina po o le faatinoina o so o se aiaiga o lenei Faavae; ma:
(a) i le itu ua tuuina mai o sea tusi faamaoni po o sea faatagaina e mafai e so o se itu faamasinoga i lea faamasinoga ona talosaga i le Faamasinoga o Talosaga i le mafuaaga e faapea, o sea mataupu sa faaiuina ma le sese ma, ina ua i ai ma le faatagaina o lena Faamasinoga ma luga o so o se tasi lava mafuaaga; po o
(b) pe a oo ina ua l8 talia e le Faamasinoga Sili le tuuina atu o sea tusi faamaoni, e mafai e le Faamasinoga o Talosaga, pe afai ua faamalieina o ia e faapea, o le mataupu o lo o aafia ai se vaega tele tau le Tulafono i le itu i le faamalamalamaina po o le faatinoina o so o se aiaiga o lenei Faavae, ona tuuina atu le faatagaina faapito ina ia talosaga ai faasaga i lena faaiuga. (Mataupu 75)
Jurisdiction and Access
- English…
The laws prior to the Constitution must be modified, if it applies, to render them in conformity with the constitutional rights and freedoms within a time period not exceeding three years counting from the date of promulgation of this Constitutional Law.
In case that the modifications provided for in the preceding paragraph are not adopted [apportées] in the prescribed times, any individual can refer [déférer] these laws to the Constitutional Council for examination of their constitutionality. The provisions declared unconstitutional may not be applied. (Art. 102) - Arabic...
يتوجّب تعديل القوانين السّابقة للدّستور، و عند الاقتضاء- من أجل مطابقتها مع الحقوق و الحريّات الدّستورية في أجل لا يتعدّى ثلاث سنوات(3) اعتبارا من تاريخ صدور هذا القانون الدستوري.
و في حالة عدم إجراء التّعديلات المقرّرة في الفقرة السّابقة في الآجال المحدّدة يجوز لأي شخص أن يطعن في عدم دستورية هذه القوانين أمام المجلس الدستوري. و لا يجوز تطبيق التّرتيبات المحكوم بعدم دستوريتها. (المادّة 102) - French...
Les lois antérieures à la Constitution doivent être modifiées, s’il y a lieu, pour les rendre conformes aux droits et libertés constitutionnels, dans un délai n’excédant pas trois (3) ans pour compter de la date de promulgation de la présente loi constitutionnelle.
Au cas où les modifications prévues à l'alinéa précédent ne sont pas apportées dans les délais prescrits, tout individu pourra déférer ces lois au Conseil constitutionnel pour examen de leur constitutionnalité. Les dispositions déclarées inconstitutionnelles ne peuvent être appliquées. (Art. 102)
Jurisdiction and Access
- English
The following are enabled to interpose [the] action of unconstitutionality:
1. The President of the Republic;
2. The Attorney [Fiscal] of the Nation;
3. The President of the Judicial Power, with agreement of the Plenary Chamber of the Supreme Court of Justice;
4. The Defender of the People;
5. Twenty-five percent of the legal number of members of the Congress;
6. Five thousand citizens with signatures verified by the National Jurado of Elections. If the norm is a municipal ordinance, one percent of the citizens of the respective territorial domain [ámbito], are enabled to impugn it, whenever this percentage does not exceed the number of signatures specified above;
7. The Regional Governors, with the agreement of the Regional Council or the provincial mayors with agreement of their Council, in matters of their competence;
8. The professional associations [colegios], in matters of their specialty. (Art. 203) - Spanish
Están facultados para interponer acción de inconstitucionalidad:
1. El Presidente de la República.
2. El Fiscal de la Nación.
3. El Presidente del Poder Judicial, con acuerdo de la Sala Plena de la Corte Suprema de Justicia.
4. El Defensor del Pueblo.
5. El veinticinco por ciento del número legal de congresistas.
6. Cinco mil ciudadanos con firmas comprobadas por el Jurado Nacional de Elecciones. Si la norma es una ordenanza municipal, está facultado para impugnarla el uno por ciento de los ciudadanos del respectivo ámbito territorial, siempre que este porcentaje no exceda del número de firmas anteriormente señalado.
7. Los Gobernadores Regionales con acuerdo del Consejo Regional, o los alcaldes provinciales con acuerdo de su Concejo, en materias de su competencia.
8. Los colegios profesionales, en materias de su especialidad. (Art. 203)
Jurisdiction and Access
- English
1. The Constitutional Court reviews preliminarily the constitutionality of the issues presented for a referendum according to Article 150, paragraphs 1 and 2, Article 151, paragraphs 2 and 3, as well as Article 177, paragraphs 4 and 5, within 60 days.
… (Art. 152) - Albanian
1. Gjykata Kushtetuese shqyrton paraprakisht kushtetutshmërinë e çështjeve të shtruara për referendum sipas nenit 150 paragrafët 1 e 2, nenit 151 paragrafët 2 e 3 edhe sipas nenit 177 paragrafët 4 e 5 brenda 60 ditëve.
… (Neni 152)
Jurisdiction and Access
- English
The Constitutional Court may be referred to [the matter] of the disputes which may arise between the constitutional powers, by the instances enumerated in Article 193 below.
These instances may equally refer to the Constitutional Court to [a matter] with a view to the interpretation of one or more constitutional provisions. The Constitutional Court gives, in this regard, an opinion. (Art. 192) - Arabic
يمكن إخطـار المحكمة الدستورية من طرف الجهات المحددة في المادة 193 أدناه، بشأن الخلافات التي قد تحدث بين السلطات الدستورية.
يمكن لهذه الجهات إخطار المحكمة الدستورية حول تفسير حكم أو عدة أحكام دستورية، وتبدي المحكمة الدستورية رأيا بشأنها. (المــادة 192) - French
La Cour constitutionnelle peut être saisie, par les instances énumérées à l’article 193 ci-dessous, des différends qui peuvent surgir entre les pouvoirs constitutionnels.
Ces instances peuvent également saisir la Cour constitutionnelle en vue de l’interprétation d’une ou de plusieurs dispositions constitutionnelles. La Cour constitutionnelle émet, à ce propos, un avis. (Art. 192)
Jurisdiction and Access
- EnglishThe Constitutional Court controls the regularity of the presidential and legislative elections. It examines the claims, decides on the disputes of the presidential and of the legislative elections and proclaims the results of the ballots. It decides on the regularity of the referendum and proclaims their results of them. (Art. 127)
- FrenchLa Cour constitutionnelle contrôle la régularité des élections présidentielles et législatives. Elle examine les réclamations, statue sur le contentieux des élections présidentielles et législatives et proclame les résultats des scrutins. Elle statue sur la régularité du référendum et en proclame les résultats. (Art. 127)
Jurisdiction and Access
- EnglishThe Supreme Court of Justice shall:
1. Try all violators of the Constitution, without exception; … (Art. 239) - SpanishA la Suprema Corte de Justicia corresponde:
1. Juzgar a todos los infractores de la Constitución, sin excepción alguna; … (Art. 239)
Jurisdiction and Access
- English(1) The Constitutional Court shall act on an initiative from not fewer than one-fifth of all Members of the National Assembly, the President, the Council of Ministers, the Supreme Court of Cassation, the Supreme Administrative Court or the Prosecutor General. A challenge to competence pursuant to para 1 item 3 of the preceding Article may further be filed by a municipal council.
(2) Should it find a discrepancy between law and the Constitution, the Supreme Court of Cassation or the Supreme Administrative Court shall suspend the proceedings on a case and shall refer the matter to the Constitutional Court.
(3) The Ombudsman may approach the Constitutional Court with a request for declaring as unconstitutional a law which infringes human rights and freedoms.
(4) The Supreme Judicial Council may approach the Constitutional Court with a petition to establish unconstitutionality of any law whereby any rights and freedoms of citizens are violated. (Art. 150) - Bulgarian(1) Конституционният съд действува по инициатива най-малко на една пета от народните представители, президента, Министерския съвет, Върховния касационен съд, Върховния административен съд и главния прокурор. Спорове за компетентност по т. 3 на ал. 1 от предходния член могат да се повдигат и от общинските съвети.
(2) Когато установят несъответствие между закона и Конституцията, Върховният касационен съд или Върховният административен съд спират производството по делото и внасят въпроса в Конституционния съд.
(3) Омбудсманът може да сезира Конституционния съд с искане за установяване на противоконституционност на закон, с който се нарушават права и свободи на гражданите.
(4) Висшият адвокатски съвет може да сезира Конституционния съд с искане за установяване на противоконституционност на закон, с който се нарушават права и свободи на гражданите. (Чл. 150)
Jurisdiction and Access
- English(1) Where any question as to the interpretation of this Constitution arises in any proceedings in any subordinate court and the court is of the opinion that the question involves a substantial question of law, the court may, and shall, if any party to the proceedings so requests, refer the question to the High Court.
(2) Where any question is referred to the High Court in pursuance of this section, the High Court shall give its decision upon the question and the court in which the question arose shall, subject to any appeal, dispose of the case in accordance with that decision. (Sec. 105)