SEARCH DATABASE
The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
Jurisdiction and Access
- EnglishThe King consults the Constitutional Council on any proposal aiming at amending the Constitution. (Art. 143)
- Khmerព្រះមហាក្សត្រ ទ្រង់ពិគ្រោះមតិក្រុមប្រឹក្សាធម្មនុញ្ញចំពោះសេចក្តីស្នើទាំងឡាយដែលសុំធ្វើវិសោធនកម្មលើរដ្ឋធម្មនុញ្ញ។ (មាត្រា ១៤៣)
Jurisdiction and Access
- English…
(4) The High Court also has original jurisdiction in any matter arising under this Constitution or involving its interpretation.
…
(7) If in any proceedings in a Magistrates Court or a subordinate court, a question arises as to the interpretation of this Constitution, the Magistrates Court or a subordinate court may decide the matter, and its decision may be appealed as of right to the High Court. (Sec. 100) - iTaukei…
(4) Na Mataveilewai e Cake e tu vua na kaukauwa me vakatulewa ena dua na kisi me baleta na Yavunivakavulewa qo se na kena vakadewataki.
…
(7) Kevaka e vure cake mai na vakatataro me baleta na vakamacalataki ni Yavunivakavulewa ena Mataveilewai e Ra se mataveilewai lalai tale e so, na Mataveilewai e Ra se mataveilewai lalai tale e so me vakatulewa kina, ia sa tiko na dodonu ena Mataveilewai e Cake me rogoca kevaka e dua na ilawalawa ena kisi e sega ni duavata kei na vakatulewa ena Mataveilewai e Ra se mataveilewai lalai tale e so. (Sec. 100)
Jurisdiction and Access
- English
The Constitutional Court is exclusively competent in the matter of control of constitutionality:
1- of the laws, at the request of the President of the Republic, of thirty members of the Assembly of the Representatives of the People or of half of the members of the National Council of Regions and Districts. The Court is referred to [the matter] within a time period of seven days counting from the date of the adoption of the bill of law or of the date of the adoption of the amended bill of law after remittal by the President of the Republic,
2- of the treaties that the President of the Republic submits to it before the promulgation of the law including the adoption of those treaties,
3- of the laws that the tribunals remit to it, following an exception of unconstitutionality raised in the cases and according to the procedures specified by the law,
4- of the internal regulations of the Assembly of the Representatives of the People and of the National Council of Regions and Districts which are submitted to it by the President of each of the two assemblies,
5- of the procedure of the revision of the Constitution,
6- of the bills of the revision of the Constitution to say that they do not concern, according to the terms of this Constitution, the provisions which may not be made the object of revision. (Art. 127) - Arabic
تختصّ المحكمة الدّستوريّة بالنّظر في مراقبة دستوريّة:
1. القوانين، بناء على طلب من رئيس الجمهوريّة أو ثلاثين عضوا من أعضاء مجلس نوّاب الشّعب أو نصف أعضاء المجلس الوطنيّ للجهات والأقاليم، يُرفع إليها في أجل أقصاه سبعة أيّام من تاريخ المصادقة على مشروع القانون أو من تاريخ المصادقة على مشروع قانون في صيغة معدّلة بعد أن تمّ ردّه من قبل رئيس الجمهوريّة.
2. المعاهدات التي يعرضها رئيس الجمهوريّة قبل ختم قانون الموافقة عليها.
3. القوانين التي تحيلها عليها المحاكم إذا تمّ الدّفع بعدم دستوريّتها في الحالات وطبق الإجراءات التي يقرّها القانون.
4. النّظـام الدّاخليّ لمجلس نوّاب الشّعب والنّظام الدّاخليّ للمــجلس الوطنيّ للجهــات والأقاليم اللّذين يعرضانهما عليها كلّ رئيس لهذين المجلسين.
5. إجراءات تنقيح الدّستور.
6. مشاريع تنقيح الدّستور للبتّ في عدم تعارضها مع ما لا يجوز تنقيحه حسب ما هو مقرّر بهذا الدّستور. (الفصل 127) - French
La Cour constitutionnelle est exclusivement compétente en matière de contrôle de constitutionnalité :
1. des lois, sur demande du Président de la République, de trente membres de l’Assemblée des représentants du peuple ou de la moitié des membres du Conseil national des régions et des districts. La Cour est saisie dans un délai de sept jours à compter de la date de l’adoption du projet de loi ou de la date de l’adoption du projet de loi amendé après renvoi par le Président de la République,
2. des traités que lui soumet le Président de la République avant la promulgation de la loi portant adoption de ces traités,
3. des lois que lui renvoient les tribunaux, suite à une exception d’inconstitutionnalité soulevée dans les cas et selon les procédures prévus par la loi,
4. des règlements intérieurs de l’Assemblée des représentants du peuple et du Conseil national des régions et des districts qui lui sont soumis par le Président de chacune des deux assemblées,
5. de la procédure de révision de la Constitution,
6. des projets de révision de la Constitution pour dire qu’ils ne concernent pas, d’après les termes de la présente Constitution, les dispositions qui ne peuvent faire l’objet de révision. (Art. 127)
Jurisdiction and Access
- English1. It is incumbent upon the Supreme Court of Justice, on legal and constitutional matters:
a) To review and declare the unconstitutionality and illegality of normative and legislative acts by the organs of the State;
b) To provide an anticipatory verification of the legality and constitutionality of the statutes and referenda;
c) To verify cases of unconstitutionality by omission;
d) To rule, as a venue of appeal, on the suppression of norms considered unconstitutional by the courts of instance;
e) To verify the legality regarding the establishment of political parties and their coalitions and order their registration or dissolution, in accordance with the Constitution and the law;
f) To exercise all other competencies provided for by the Constitution or the law.
2. It is incumbent upon the Supreme Court of Justice, in the specific field of elections:
a) To verify the legal requirements for candidates for the office of President of the Republic;
b) To certify at last instance the regularity and validity of the acts of the electoral process, in accordance with the respective law;
c) To validate and proclaim the results of the electoral process. (Sec. 126) - Tetum1. Kompete ba Tribunál Supremu Justisa nian, iha área lia jurídiku-konstitusionál nian:
a) Apresia no deklara lala’ok latuir Lei-Inan no latuir Lei-oan atu-ofisiál lejizlativu sira no norma sira órgaun Estadu ninian;
b) Haree uluk lala’ok Lei-Inan no Lei-oan nian kona-ba diploma lejislativu no referendum nian.
c) Haree kona-ba lala’ok latuir Lei-Inan tan omisaun;
d) Deside, iha sede rekursu nian, kona-ba dezaplikasaun norma sira-ne’ebé tribunál instánsia sira haree hanesan latuir Lei-Inan;
e) Haree legalidade kona-ba konstituisaun partidu polítiku sira-nian no sira-nia koligasaun, no haruka halo sira-nia rejistu eh hamate sira tuir LeiInan no lei-oan sira haruka.
f) Hala’o kompeténsia seluk-seluk ne’ebé Lei-Inan no lei-oan sira hato’o.
2. Kona loloos ba eleisaun sira, kompete ba Tribunál Supremu Justisa nian:
a) Haree ba kondisaun legál ne’ebé tenke iha atu hala’o kandidatura Prezidente-Repúblika nian;
b) Tesi-lia atu ema ida la sadik tan kona-ba regularidade no validade lala’ok prosesu eleitorál nian, tuir lei ne’e haruka;
c) Fó validade no fó-sai rezultadu prosesu eleitorál nian. (Art. 126) - Portuguese1. Ao Supremo Tribunal de Justiça compete, no domínio das questões jurídicoconstitucionais:
a) Apreciar e declarar a inconstitucionalidade e ilegalidade dos actos legislativos e normativos dos órgãos do Estado;
b) Verificar previamente a constitucionalidade e a legalidade dos diplomas legislativos e dos referendos;
c) Verificar a inconstitucionalidade por omissão;
d) Decidir, em sede de recurso, sobre a desaplicação de normas consideradas inconstitucionais pelos tribunais de instância;
e) Verificar a legalidade da constituição de partidos políticos e suas coligações e ordenar o seu registo ou extinção, nos termos da Constituição e da lei;
f) Exercer todas as outras competências que lhe sejam atribuídas na Constituição ou na lei.
2. No domínio específico das eleições, cabe ao Supremo Tribunal de Justiça:
a) Verificar os requisitos legais exigidos para as candidaturas a Presidente da República;
b) Julgar em última instância a regularidade e validade dos actos do processo eleitoral, nos termos da lei respectiva;
c) Validar e proclamar os resultados do processo eleitoral. (Art. 126)
Jurisdiction and Access
- English
(1) Subject to the provisions of section 31(3) and 98(1) of, and paragraph 10 of Schedule 2 to, this Constitution, if any person alleges that any provision of this Constitution (other than Chapter II) has been contravened and that his interests are being or are likely to be affected by such contravention, then, without prejudice to any other action with respect to the same matter which is lawfully available, that person may apply to the High Court for a declaration and for relief under this section.
(2) The High Court shall have jurisdiction, in any application made by any person in pursuance of the preceding subsection or in any other proceedings lawfully brought before the Court, to determine whether any provision of this Constitution (other than Chapter II) has been contravened and to make a declaration accordingly:
Provided that the High Court shall not make a declaration in pursuance of the jurisdiction conferred by this subsection unless it is satisfied that the interests of the person by whom the application under the preceding subsection is made or, in the case of other proceedings before the Court, a party to those proceedings, are being or are likely to be affected.
(3) Where the High Court makes a declaration in pursuance of the preceding subsection that any provision of the Constitution has been contravened and the person by whom the application under subsection (1) of this section was made or, in the case of other proceedings before the Court, the party in those proceedings in respect of whom the declaration is made, seeks relief, the High Court may grant to that person such remedy, being a remedy available against any person in any proceedings in the High Court under any law for the time being in force in Solomon Islands, as the Court considers appropriate.
(4) Nothing in this section shall confer jurisdiction on the High Court to hear or determine any such question as is referred to in Section 52 of this Constitution otherwise than upon an application made in accordance with the provisions of that section. (Sec. 83)
Jurisdiction and Access
- EnglishI. The Action for Constitutional Protection shall be presented by the person who believes him or herself affected, by another with sufficient power to act in his or her name, or by the corresponding authority pursuant to the Constitution, to any judge or competent court, provided that there is no other existing means or legal recourse for the immediate protection of the rights and guarantees that have been restricted, suppressed or threatened.
… (Art. 129) - SpanishI. La Acción de Amparo Constitucional se interpondrá por la persona que se crea afectada, por otra a su nombre con poder suficiente o por la autoridad correspondiente de acuerdo con la Constitución, ante cualquier juez o tribunal competente, siempre que no exista otro medio o recurso legal para la protección inmediata de los derechos y garantías restringidos, suprimidos o amenazados.
... (Art. 129)
Jurisdiction and Access
- English
1. Recourse to the Constitutional Court is sought upon the request of the:
a) President of the Republic;
b) Prime Minister;
c) Not less than one-fifth of the members of Assembly;
ç) Peoples Advocate;
d) Head of High State Audit;
dh) Any court, as per the provisions of Article 145, paragraph 2, of this Constitution;
e) Any commissioner established by law for the protection of the fundamental rights and freedoms guaranteed by the Constitution;
ë) High Judicial Council and High Prosecutorial Council;
f) Local governance units;
g) Organs of religious communities;
gj) Political parties;
h) Organizations;
i) Individuals.
2. The entities provided for in subparagraphs “d”, “dh”, “e”, “ë”, “f”, “g”, “gj”, “h”, and “i” of paragraph 1 of this Article may file a request only regarding the issues connected to their interests. (Art. 134) - Albanian
1. Gjykata Kushtetuese vihet në lëvizje me kërkesë të: a) Presidentit të Republikës;
b) Kryeministrit;
c) jo më pak se një të pestës së deputetëve;
ç) Avokatit të Popullit;
d) Kryetarit të Kontrollit të Lartë të Shtetit;
dh) çdo gjykate, sipas nenit 145, pika 2, të kësaj Kushtetute;
e) çdo komisioneri të krijuar me ligj për mbrojtjen e të drejtave dhe lirive themelore të garantuara nga Kushtetuta;
ë) Këshillit të Lartë Gjyqësor dhe Këshillit të Lartë të Prokurorisë; f) organeve të qeverisjes vendore;
g) organeve të bashkësive fetare;
gj) partive politike;
h) organizatave;
i) individëve.
2. Subjektet e parashikuara nga nënparagrafët “d”, “dh”, “e”, “ë”, “f”, “g”, “gj”, “h” dhe “i”, të paragrafit 1, të këtij neni, mund të bëjnë kërkesë vetëm për çështje që lidhen me interesat e tyre. (Neni 134)
Jurisdiction and Access
- English
The Constitutional Court is referred [to a matter] by the President of the Republic, the President of the Council of the Nation, the President of the National People's Assembly or by the Prime Minister or the Head of the Government, according to the case.
It may equally be referred [to a matter] by forty (40) Deputies or twenty-five (25) members of the Council of the Nation.
The exercise of the referral enunciated in the two preceding paragraphs does not extend to the referral [to a matter] in a pleading [exception] of unconstitutionality enunciated in Article 195 below. (Art. 193) - Arabic
تخطر المحكمة الدستورية من رئيس الجمهورية أو رئيس مجلس األمة أو رئيس المجلس الشعبي الوطني أو من الوزير األول أو رئيس الحكومة، حسب الحالة.
يمكن إخطارها كذلك من أربعين (40) نائبا أو خمسة وعشرين (25) عضوا في مجلس األمة.
ال تمتد ممارسة اإلخطار المبين في الفقرتين األولى والثانية إلى اإلخطار بالدفع بعدم الدستورية المبّين في المادة 195 أدناه. (المــادة 193) - French
La Cour constitutionnelle est saisie par le Président de la République, le Président du Conseil de la Nation, le Président de l’Assemblée Populaire Nationale ou par le Premier ministre ou le Chef du Gouvernement, selon le cas.
Elle peut être également saisie par quarante (40) députés ou vingt-cinq (25) membres du Conseil de la Nation.
L’exercice de la saisine énoncée aux deux alinéas précédents ne s’étend pas à la saisine en exception d’inconstitutionnalité énoncée à l’article 195 ci-dessous. (Art. 193)
Jurisdiction and Access
- EnglishThe following duties correspond to the National Assembly of People's Power:
…
b. To issue a general and obligatory interpretation of the Constitution and the laws, in necessary cases, in correspondence with the procedure prescribed by the law;
…
e. To ensure the constitutionality of the laws, decrees with the force of law, presidential decrees, decrees, and other general provisions in accordance with the procedures prescribed by the law;
…
g. To completely or partially revoke decrees with the force of law, presidential decrees, decrees, agreements, and general provisions that contradict the Constitution or the laws;
h. To completely or partially revoke the agreements or rulings of the municipal assemblies of the People's Power that violate the Constitution,
… (Art. 108) - SpanishCorresponde a la Asamblea Nacional del Poder Popular:
…
b) dar a la Constitución y a las leyes, en caso necesario, una interpretación general y obligatoria, en correspondencia con el procedimiento previsto en la ley;
…
e) ejercer el control de constitucionalidad sobre las leyes, decretos-leyes, decretos presidenciales, decretos y demás disposiciones generales, de conformidad con el procedimiento previsto en la ley;
…
g) revocar total o parcialmente los decretos-leyes, decretos presidenciales, decretos, acuerdos o disposiciones generales que contradigan la Constitución o las leyes;
h) revocar total o parcialmente los acuerdos o disposiciones de las asambleas municipales del Poder Popular que contravengan la Constitución,
… (Art. 108)
Jurisdiction and Access
- English(1) The Constitutional Court shall:
1. provide binding interpretations of the Constitution;
2. rule on constitutionality of the laws and other acts passed by the National Assembly and the acts of the President;
3. rule on competence disputes between the National Assembly, the President and the Council of Ministers, and between the bodies of local self-government and the central executive branch of government;
4. rule on the compatibility between the Constitution and the international treaties concluded by the Republic of Bulgaria prior to their ratification, and on the compatibility of domestic laws with the universally recognized norms of international law and the international treaties to which Bulgaria is a party;
5. rule on challenges to the constitutionality of political parties and associations;
6. rule on challenges to the legality of the election of the President and Vice President;
7. rule on challenges to the legality of an election of a Member of the National Assembly;
8. rule on impeachments by the National Assembly against the President or the Vice President.
(2) No authority of the Constitutional Court shall be vested or suspended by law. (Art. 149) - Bulgarian(1) Конституционният съд:
1. дава задължителни тълкувания на Конституцията;
2. произнася се по искане за установяване на противоконституционност на законите и нɚ другите актове на Народното събрание, както и на актовете на президента;
3. решава спорове за компетентност между Народното събрание, президента ɢ Министерския съвет, както и между органите на местно самоуправление и централнитɟ изпълнителни органи;
4. произнася се за съответствието на сключените от Република България международнɢ договори с Конституцията преди ратификацията им, както и за съответствие на законите ɫ общопризнатите норми на международното право и с международните договори, по които Българиɹ е страна;
5. произнася се по спорове за конституционността на политическите партии и сдружения;
6. произнася се по спорове за законността на избора за президент и вицепрезидент;
7. произнася се по спорове за законността на избора на народен представител;
8. произнася се по обвинения, повдигнати от Народното събрание срещу президента ɢ вицепрезидента.
(2) Със закон не могат да се дават или отнемат правомощия на Конституционния съд. (Чл. 149)