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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
Jurisdiction and Access
- English
The Recourse of Amparo is established against any provision, act or resolution and in general against any action or omission of any functionary, authority or agent of them that violates or operates in violation of [trate de violar] the rights and guarantees consecrated in the Political Constitution. (Art. 188)
- Spanish
Se establece el Recurso de Amparo en contra de toda disposición, acto o resolución y en general en contra de toda acción u omisión de cualquier funcionario, autoridad o agente de los mismos que viole o trate de violar los derechos y garantías consagrados en la Constitución Política. (Art. 188)
Jurisdiction and Access
- English
1. The Constitutional Court decides on:
a) compatibility of the law with the Constitution or with international agreements, as foreseen in Article 122;
b) compatibility of international agreements with the Constitution prior to their ratification;
c) compatibility of normative acts of the central and local bodies with the Constitution and international agreements;
ç) conflicts of competencies between state powers, as well as between central government and local government;
d) constitutionality of political parties and other political organizations, as well as their activity, as per Article 9 of this Constitution;
dh) dismissal from duty of the President of the Republic and finding of his/her inability to exercise his/her functions;
e) matters connected to the electability and noncompliance in assuming the functions of the President of the Republic, of deputies, of functionaries of bodies foreseen in the Constitution, as well as to the verification of their election;
ë) constitutionality of the referendum and verification of its results;
f) conclusive adjudication of the complaints of individuals against the acts of the public powers or judicial acts impairing the fundamental rights and freedoms guaranteed by the Constitution, after all effective legal means for the protection of these rights have been exhausted, unless provided otherwise by the Constitution.
2. The Constitutional Court, when recourse being sought for examining a law on the revision of the Constitution, approved by the Assembly according to Article 177, shall control only the compliance with the procedural requirements foreseen in the Constitution. (Art. 131) - Albanian
1. Gjykata Kushtetuese vendos për:
a) pajtueshmërinë e ligjit me Kushtetutën ose me marrëveshjet ndërkombëtare, siç parashikohet në nenin 122;
b) pajtueshmërinë e marrëveshjeve ndërkombëtare me Kushtetutën para ratifikimit të tyre;
c) pajtueshmërinë e akteve normative të organeve qendrore dhe vendore me Kushtetutën dhe me marrëveshjet ndërkombëtare;
ç) mosmarrëveshjet e kompetencës ndërmjet pushteteve, si dhe ndërmjet pushtetit qendror dhe qeverisjes vendore;
d) kushtetutshmërinë e partive dhe të organizatave të tjera politike, si dhe të veprimtarisë së tyre, sipas nenit 9 të kësaj Kushtetute;
dh) shkarkimin nga detyra të Presidentit të Republikës dhe vërtetimin e pamundësisë së ushtrimit të funksioneve të tij;
e) çështjet që lidhen me zgjedhshmërinë dhe papajtueshmëritë në ushtrimin e funksioneve të Presidentit të Republikës, të deputetëve, të funksionarëve të organeve të parashikuara në Kushtetutë, si dhe me verifikimin e zgjedhjes së tyre.
ë) kushtetutshmerinë e referendumit dhe verifikimin e rezultateve të tij;
f) gjykimin përfundimtar të ankesave të individëve kundër çdo akti të pushtetit publik ose vendimi gjyqësor që cenon të drejtat dhe liritë themelore të garantuara në Kushtetutë, pasi të jenë shteruar të gjitha mjetet juridike efektive për mbrojtjen e këtyre të drejtave, përveçse kur parashikohet ndryshe në Kushtetutë.
2. Gjykata Kushtetuese, në rastin kur vihet në lëvizje për shqyrtimin e një ligji për rishikimin e Kushtetutës, të miratuar nga Kuvendi sipas nenit 177, kontrollon vetëm respektimin e procedurës së parashikuar nga Kushtetuta. (Neni 131)
Jurisdiction and Access
- English
The Constitutional Court is an independent institution responsible for assuring respect for the Constitution.
The Constitutional Court is the regulatory organ of the functioning of the institutions and of the activity of the public powers.
The Constitutional Court establishes the rules concerning its functioning. (Art. 185) - Arabic
المحكمة الدستورية مؤسسة مستقلة مكلفة بضمان احترام الدّستور.
تضبط المحكمة الدستورية سير المؤسسات ونشاط السلطات العمومية.
تحدد المحكمة الدستورية قواعد عملها. (المــادة 185) - French
La Cour constitutionnelle est une institution indépendante chargée d’assurer le respect de la Constitution.
La Cour constitutionnelle est l’organe régulateur du fonctionnement des institutions et de l’activité des pouvoirs publics.
La Cour constitutionnelle fixe les règles relatives à son fonctionnement. (Art. 185)
Jurisdiction and Access
- English
The Constitutional Court is competent to take cognizance of a pleading [exception] of unconstitutionality raised in the course of a process, when it is maintained by one of the parties that the law on which the issue of the litigation depends, infringes the rights and freedoms guaranteed by the Constitution.
An organic law establishes the conditions and modalities of application of this Article. (Art. 133) - Arabic
تختص المحكمة الدستورية بالنظر في كل دفع متعلق بعدم دستورية قانون، أثير أثناء النظر في قضية، وذلك إذا دفع أحد الأطراف بأن القانون، الذي سيطبق في النزاع، يمس بالحقوق وبالحريات التي يضمنها الدستور.
يحدد قانون تنظيمي شروط وإجراءات تطبيق هذا الفصل. (الفصل 133)
Jurisdiction and Access
- English(1) Where any question as to the interpretation of this Constitution arises in any court of law established for Saint Lucia (other than the Court of Appeal, the High Court or a court martial) and the court is of opinion that the question involves a substantial question of law, the court shall refer the question to the High Court.
(2) Where any question is referred to the High Court in pursuance of this section, the High Court shall give its decision upon the question and the court in which the question arose shall dispose of the case in accordance with that decision or, if the decision is the subject of an appeal to the Court of Appeal or Her Majesty in Council, in accordance with the decision of the Court of Appeal or, as the case may be, Her Majesty in Council. (Sec. 106)
Jurisdiction and Access
- English...
3. The Constitutional Court shall uphold this Constitution.
a) The Constitutional Court shall have exclusive jurisdiction to decide any dispute that arises under this Constitution between the Entities or between Bosnia and Herzegovina and an Entity or Entities, or between institutions of Bosnia and Herzegovina, including but not limited to:
- Whether an Entity's decision to establish a special parallel relationship with a neighboring state is consistent with this Constitution, including provisions concerning the sovereignty and territorial integrity of Bosnia and Herzegovina.
- Whether any provision of an Entity's constitution or law is consistent with this Constitution.
Disputes may be referred only by a member of the Presidency, by the Chair of the Council of Ministers, by the Chair or a Deputy Chair of either chamber of the Parliamentary Assembly, by one-fourth of the members of either chamber of the Parliamentary Assembly, or by one-fourth of either chamber of a legislature of an Entity.
b) The Constitutional Court shall also have appellate jurisdiction over issues under this Constitution arising out of a judgment of any other court in Bosnia and Herzegovina.
c) The Constitutional Court shall have jurisdiction over issues referred by any court in Bosnia and Herzegovina concerning whether a law, on whose validity its decision depends, is compatible with this Constitution, with the European Convention for Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms and its Protocols, or with the laws of Bosnia and Herzegovina; or concerning the existence of or the scope of a general rule of public international law pertinent to the court's decision.
… (Art. VI) - Bosnian...
3. Ustavni sud će podržavati ovaj Ustav.
a) Ustavni sud je jedini nadležan da odlučuje o bilo kojem sporu koji se javlja po ovom Ustavu između dva entiteta, ili između Bosne i Hercegovine i jednog ili oba entiteta, te između institucija Bosne i Hercegovine, uključujući ali ne ograničavajući se na to pitanje:
- Da li je odluka entiteta da uspostavi poseban paralelan odnos sa susjednom državom u skladu sa ovim Ustavom, uključujući i odredbe koje se odnose na suverenitet i teritorijalni integritet Bosne i Hercegovine.
- Da li je bilo koja odredba ustava ili zakona jednog entiteta u skladu sa ovim Ustavom.
Sporove može pokrenuti član Predsjedništva, predsjedavajući Vijeća ministara, predsjedavajući, ili njegov zamjenik, bilo kojeg doma Parlamentarne skupštine; jedna četvrtina članova/delegata bilo kojeg doma Parlamentarne skupštine, ili jedna četvrtina članova bilo kojeg doma zakonodavnog organa jednog entiteta.
b) Ustavni sud također ima apelacionu nadležnost u pitanjima koja su sadržana u ovom Ustavu, kada ona postanu predmet spora zbog presude bilo kojeg suda u Bosni i Hercegovini.
c) Ustavni sud je nadležan u pitanjima koja mu je proslijedio bilo koji sud u Bosni i Hercegovini u pogledu toga da li je zakon, o čijem važenju njegova odluka ovisi, kompatibilan sa ovim Ustavom, sa Evropskom konvencijom o ljudskim pravima i osnovnim slobodama i njenim protokolima, ili sa zakonima Bosne i Hercegovine; ili u pogledu postojanja ili domašaja nekog opšteg pravila međunarodnog javnog prava koje je bitno za odluku suda.
… (Član VI) - Croatian...
3. Ustavni sud će podržavati ovaj Ustav.
a) Ustavni sud ima isključivu nadležnost odlučivanja o svim sporovima koji proisteknu iz ovog Ustava između entiteta, ili između Bosne i Hercegovine i jednog ili oba entiteta, ili između institucija Bosne i Hercegovine, uključujući, ali se ne ograničavajući se na to:
- Je li odluka nekog entiteta da uspostavi posebne paralelne odnose sa susjednom državom sukladna ovom Ustavu, uključujući i odredbe koje se tiču suvereniteta i teritorijalnog integriteta Bosne i Hercegovine.
- Je li neka odredba ustava ili zakona jednog entiteta sukladna ovom Ustavu.
Spor može pokrenuti član Predsjedništva, predsjedavajući Vijeća ministara, predsjedavaju-ći ili dopredsjedavajući jednog od domova Parlamentarne skupštine; jedna četvrtina članova/delegata jednog od domova Parlamentarne skupštine, ili jedna četvrtina jednog od domova zakonodavnog tijela jednog entiteta.
b) Ustavni sud također ima prizivnu nadležnost za pitanja iz Ustava koja se pojave na temelju presude bilo kojeg drugog suda u Bosni i Hercegovini.
c) Ustavni sud će imati nadležnost za pitanja koja mu podnese bilo koji sud u Bosni i Hercegovini, a koja se tiču toga je li neki zakon o čijoj valjanosti ovisi njegova odluka sukladno ovom Ustavu, s Europskom konvencijom za ljudska prava i temeljne slobode i njezinim protokolima, ili sa zakonima Bosne i Hercegovine; ili koja se tiču postojanja ili djelokruga nekog općeg pravila međunarodnog javnog prava koje je bitno za odluku suda.
… (Članak VI) - Serbian...
3. Уставни суд ће штитити овај Устав.
а) Уставни суд има искључиву надлежност да одлучује у споровима који по овом Уставу настају између ентитета, или између Босне и Херцеговине и једног или оба ентитета, или између институција Босне и Херцеговине, укључујући, али се не ограничавајући само на то:
- Да ли је одлука неког ентитета да успостави специјални паралелни однос са неком од сусједних држава сагласна овом Уставу, укључујући и одредбе које се односе на суверенитет и територијални интегритет Босне и Херцеговине.
- Да ли је неки члан устава или закона ентитета у сагласности са овим Уставом.
Спорове могу покретати само чланови Предсједништва, предсједавајући Министарског савјета, предсједавајући или замјеник предсједавајућег било којег вијећа Парламентарне скупштине, једна четвртина чланова било којег вијећа Парламентарне скупштине или једна четвртина било ког законодавног вијећа неког ентитета.
b) б)Уставни суд има и апелациону надлежност над питањима по овом Уставу, која проистичу из пресуде сваког суда у Босни и Херцеговини.
c) ц) Уставни суд има надлежност у питањима која му упути било који суд у Босни и Херцеговини, а односи се на то да ли је закон на чијој ваљаности почива његова одлука, сагласан са овим Уставом, Европском конвенцијом о људским правима и основним слободама и њеним протоколима, или са законима Босне и Херцеговине; или у погледу постојања или дјелокруга неког општег правила међународног јавног права које је од значаја за одлуку тог суда.
… (Члан VI)
Jurisdiction and Access
- English
Any citizen can refer [a matter] to the Constitutional Court on the constitutionality of the laws, either directly, or by the procedure of the pleadings [exception] of unconstitutionality invoked in a matter which concerns that citizen before a jurisdiction. That [jurisdiction] must defer until the decision the Constitutional Court which must intervene within a time period of thirty days. (Art. 122)
- French
Tout citoyen peut saisir la Cour constitutionnelle sur la constitutionnalité des lois, soit directement, soit par la procédure de l'exception d'inconstitutionnalité invoquée dans une affaire qui le concerne devant une juridiction. Celle-ci doit surseoir jusqu'à la décision de la Cour constitutionnelle qui doit intervenir dans un délai de trente jours. (Art. 122)
Jurisdiction and Access
- English(1) The Supreme Court shall have jurisdiction, to the exclusion of any other court of law in Nigeria, to hear and determine appeals from the Court of Appeal.
(2) An appeal shall lie from the decisions of the Court of Appeal to the Supreme Court as of right in the following cases–
…
(b) decisions in any civil or criminal proceedings on questions as to the interpretation or application of this Constitution;
(c) decisions in any civil or criminal proceedings on questions as to whether any of the provisions of Chapter IV4 of this Constitution has been, is being or is likely to be, contravened in relation to any person;
… (Sec. 233)
Jurisdiction and Access
- EnglishThe Supreme Tribunal of Justice shall guarantee the supremacy and efficacy of constitutional rules and principles; it shall be the supreme and ultimate interpreter of the Constitution and shall see to the uniform interpretation and application of the same. Interpretations established by the Constitutional Division concerning the contents or scope of constitutional rules and principles are binding on the other division of the Supreme Tribunal of Justice and on all of the other courts of the Republic. (Art. 335)
- SpanishEl Tribunal Supremo de Justicia garantizará la supremacía y efectividad de las normas y principios constitucionales; será el máximo y último intérprete de la Constitución y velará por su uniforme interpretación y aplicación. Las interpretaciones que establezca la Sala Constitucional sobre el contenido o alcance de las normas y principios constitucionales son vinculantes para las otras Salas del Tribunal Supremo de Justicia y demás tribunales de la República. (Art. 335)
Jurisdiction and Access
- English1. The following may apply to the Constitutional Court:
1) The National Assembly – in the cases stipulated by Point 12 of Article 168 of the Constitution; in the case stipulated by Point 7 of Article 168 of the Constitution – by a decision adopted by majority vote of the total number of parliamentarians, and in the case stipulated by Point 10 of Article 168 of the Constitution – by a decision adopted by at least a three-fifths majority vote of total number of parliamentarians;
2) At least one fifth of the total number of parliamentarians – in the cases stipulated by Point 1, 4, and 6 of Article 168 of the Constitution;
3) A faction of the National Assembly – for disputes related to decisions adopted with respect to the results of a referendum or the results of election of the President of the Republic;
4) The President of the Republic – in the cases stipulated by Part 1 of Article 129, Part 2 of Article 139, Article 150, or Points 1 and 4 of Article 168 of the Constitution;
5) The Government – in the cases stipulated by Point 1, 4, 8, and 12 of Article 168 of the Constitution;
6) The Supreme Judicial Council – in the cases stipulated by Point 4 of Article 168 of the Constitution;
7) Local self-government bodies – with a question regarding the conformity with the Constitution of normative legal acts stipulated by Point 1 of Article 168 of the Constitution that violate their constitutional rights, as well as in the cases stipulated by Point 4 of Article 168 of the Constitution;
8) Everyone – in a concrete case when there is a final act of court, all judicial remedies have been exhausted, and the person challenges the constitutionality of a provision of a normative legal act applied in relation to him by such act of court, which has led to a violation of his fundamental rights and freedoms enshrined in Chapter 2 of the Constitution, taking into account also the construal of such provision in its practical legal application;
9) The Prosecutor General – concerning the constitutionality of provisions of normative legal acts related to a specific set of proceedings conducted by the prosecution office, as well as in the case stipulated by Ponit 11 of Article 168 of the Constitution;
10) The Human Rights Defender – concerning the conformity of the normative legal acts listed in Point 1 of Article 168 of the Constitution with the provisions of Chapter 2 of the Constitution;
11) Parties or party alliances that participated in the National Assembly election – on disputes connected with decisions taken on the results of the National Assembly election;
12) The candidates for the President of the Republic – on disputes connected with decisions taken on the results of the election of the President of the Republic; and
13) At least three judges of the Constitutional Court – in the case stipulated by Point 9 of Article 168 of the Constitution.
... (Art. 169) - Armenian1. Սահմանադրական դատարան կարող են դիմել՝
1) Ազգային ժողովը՝ Սահմանադրության 168-րդ հոդվածի 12-րդ կետով սահմանված դեպքերում, Սահմանադրության 168-րդ հոդվածի 7-րդ կետով սահմանված դեպքում՝ պատգամավորների ընդհանուր թվի ձայների մեծամասնությամբ ընդունված որոշմամբ, իսկ Սահմանադրության 168-րդ հոդվածի 10-րդ կետով սահմանված դեպքում` պատգամավորների ընդհանուր թվի ձայների առնվազն երեք հինգերորդով ընդունված որոշմամբ.
2) պատգամավորների ընդհանուր թվի առնվազն մեկ հինգերորդը՝ Սահմանադրության 168-րդ հոդվածի 1-ին, 4-րդ եւ 6-րդ կետերով սահմանված դեպքերում.
3) Ազգային ժողովի խմբակցությունը` հանրաքվեի և Հանրապետության նախագահի ընտրության արդյունքներով ընդունված որոշումների հետ կապված վեճերով.
4) Հանրապետության նախագահը՝ Սահմանադրության 129-րդ հոդվածի 1-ին մասով, 139-րդ հոդվածի 2-րդ մասով, 150-րդ հոդվածով, ինչպես նաև 168-րդ հոդվածի 1-ին և 4-րդ կետերով սահմանված դեպքերում.
5) Կառավարությունը՝ Սահմանադրության 168-րդ հոդվածի 1-ին, 4-րդ, 8-րդ և 12-րդ կետերով սահմանված դեպքերում.
6) Բարձրագույն դատական խորհուրդը՝ Սահմանադրության 168-րդ հոդվածի 4-րդ կետով սահմանված դեպքերում.
7) տեղական ինքնակառավարման մարմինները՝ Սահմանադրության 168-րդ հոդվածի 1-ին կետում թվարկված` իրենց սահմանադրական իրավունքները խախտող նորմատիվ իրավական ակտերի՝ Սահմանադրությանը համապատասխանության հարցով, ինչպես նաև Սահմանադրության 168-րդ հոդվածի 4-րդ կետով սահմանված դեպքերում.
8) յուրաքանչյուր ոք՝ կոնկրետ գործով, երբ առկա է դատարանի վերջնական ակտը, սպառվել են դատական պաշտպանության բոլոր միջոցները և վիճարկում է այդ ակտով իր նկատմամբ կիրառված նորմատիվ իրավական ակտի դրույթի սահմանադրականությունը, ինչը հանգեցրել է Սահմանադրության 2-րդ գլխում ամրագրված իր հիմնական իրավունքների և ազատությունների խախտման՝ հաշվի առնելով նաև համապատասխան դրույթին իրավակիրառ պրակտիկայում տրված մեկնաբանությունը.
9) գլխավոր դատախազը՝ դատախազության կողմից իրականացվող կոնկրետ վարույթին առնչվող նորմատիվ իրավական ակտերի դրույթների սահմանադրականության հարցերով, ինչպես նաև Սահմանադրության 168-րդ հոդվածի 11-րդ կետով սահմանված դեպքում.
10) Մարդու իրավունքների պաշտպանը՝ Սահմանադրության 168-րդ հոդվածի 1-ին կետում թվարկված նորմատիվ իրավական ակտերի՝ Սահմանադրության 2-րդ գլխի դրույթներին համապատասխանության հարցերով.
11) Ազգային ժողովի ընտրությանը մասնակցած կուսակցությունները կամ կուսակցությունների դաշինքները՝ Ազգային ժողովի ընտրության արդյունքով ընդունված որոշումների հետ կապված վեճերով.
12) Հանրապետության նախագահի թեկնածուները՝ Հանրապետության նախագահի ընտրության արդյունքով ընդունված որոշումների հետ կապված վեճերով.
13) Սահմանադրական դատարանի առնվազն երեք դատավոր` Սահմանադրության 168-րդ հոդվածի 9-րդ կետով սահմանված դեպքում:
... (Հոդված 169)