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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.

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Obligations of Private Parties

Belarus
  • English

    Everyone shall respect the dignity, rights, freedoms and lawful interests of others. (Art. 53)

  • Belarusian

    Кожны абавязаны паважаць годнасць, правы, свабоды, законныя інтарэсы іншых асоб. (Артыкул 53)

  • Russian

    Каждый обязан уважать достоинство, права, свободы, законные интересы других лиц. (Статья 53)

Obligations of Private Parties

Portugal
  • English
    1. The constitutional precepts with regard to rights, freedoms and guarantees are directly applicable and are binding on public and private entities.
    … (Art. 18)
  • Portuguese
    1. Os preceitos constitucionais respeitantes aos direitos, liberdades e garantias são directamente aplicáveis e vinculam as entidades públicas e privadas.
    ... (Art. 18)

Obligations of Private Parties

Estonia
  • English
    …
    When exercising his or her rights and freedoms and fulfilling his or her duties, everyone must respect and observe the rights and freedoms of others, and obey the law. (Sec. 19)
  • Estonian
    …
    Igaüks peab oma õiguste ja vabaduste kasutamisel ning kohustuste täitmisel austama ja arvestama teiste inimeste õigusi ja vabadusi ning järgima seadust. (§ 19)

Obligations of Private Parties

Spain
  • English
    (1) The dignity of the person, the inviolable rights which are inherent, the free development of the personality, the respect for the law and for the rights of others are the foundation of political order and social peace.
    … (Sec. 10)
  • Spanish
    1. La dignidad de la persona, los derechos inviolables que le son inherentes, el libre desarrollo de la personalidad, el respeto a la ley y a los derechos de los demás son fundamento del orden político y de la paz social.
    … (Art. 10)

Obligations of Private Parties

Latvia
  • English
    …
    Each individual takes care of oneself, one's relatives and the common good of society by acting responsibly toward other people, future generations, the environment and nature.
    … (Preamble)
  • Latvian
    …
    Ikviens rūpējas par sevi, saviem tuviniekiem un sabiedrības kopējo labumu, izturoties atbildīgi pret citiem, nākamajām paaudzēm, vidi un dabu.
    … (Preambula)

Obligations of Private Parties

Poland
  • English
    …
    2. Everyone shall respect the freedoms and rights of others.
    … (Art. 31)
  • Polish
    …
    2. Każdy jest obowiązany szanować wolności i prawa innych.
    ... (Art. 31)

Obligations of Private Parties

Estonia
  • English
    …
    The rights, freedoms and duties set out in the Constitution extend to legal persons in so far as this is in accordance with the purpose of legal personality and with the nature of such rights, freedoms and duties. (Sec. 9)
  • Estonian
    …
    Põhiseaduses loetletud õigused, vabadused ja kohustused laienevad juriidilistele isikutele niivõrd, kui see on kooskõlas juriidiliste isikute üldiste eesmärkide ja selliste õiguste, vabaduste ja kohustuste olemusega. (§ 9)

Obligations of Private Parties

Slovakia
  • English

    If the activities of constitutional authorities or the application of legal rules have become ineffective, every citizenshall have the right to resist anyone who would abolish the democratic functioning of human rights and fundamental freedoms set forth in this Constitution. (Art. 32)

  • Slovak

    Občania majú právo postaviť sa na odpor proti každému, kto by odstraňoval demokratický poriadok základných ľudských práv a slobôd uvedených v tejto ústave, ak činnosť ústavných orgánov a účinné použitie zákonných prostriedkov sú znemožnené. (Čl. 32)

Obligations of Private Parties

Greece
  • English
    1. The rights of the human being as an individual and as a member of the society and the principle of the welfare state rule of law are guaranteed by the State. All agents of the State shall be obliged to ensure the unhindered and effective exercise thereof. These rights also apply to the relations between individuals to which they are appropriate.
    … (Art. 25)
  • Greek
    1. Τα δικαιώματα του ανθρώπου ως ατόμου και ως μέλους του κοινωνικού συνόλου και η αρχή του κοινωνικού κράτους δικαίου τελούν υπό την εγγύηση του Κράτους. Όλα τα κρατικά όργανα υποχρεούνται να διασφαλίζουν την ανεμπόδιστη και αποτελεσματική άσκησή τους. Τα δικαιώματα αυτά ισχύουν και στις σχέσεις μεταξύ ιδιωτών στις οποίες προσιδιάζουν.
    … ('Αρθρο 25)

Obligations of Private Parties

United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
  • English
    Nothing in this Convention may be interpreted as implying for any State, group or person any right to engage in any activity or perform any act aimed at the destruction of any of the rights and freedoms set forth herein or at their limitation to a greater extent than is provided for in the Convention. (Art. 17 of ECHR, Human Rights Act 1998 Schedule 1)