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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
Judicial Protection
- English(1) Subject to the provisions of sub-articles (6) and (7) of this article, any person who alleges that any of the provisions of articles 33 to 45 (inclusive) of this Constitution has been, is being or is likely to be contravened in relation to him, or such other person as the Civil Court, First Hall, in Malta may appoint at the instance of any person who so alleges, may, without prejudice to any other action with respect to the same matter that is lawfully available, apply to the Civil Court, First Hall, for redress.
(2) The Civil Court, First Hall, shall have original jurisdiction to hear and determine any application made by any person in pursuance of sub-article (1) of this article, and may make such orders, issue such writs and give such directions as it may consider appropriate for the purpose of enforcing, or securing the enforcement of, any of the provisions of the said articles 33 to 45 (inclusive) to the protection of which the person concerned is entitled:
Provided that the Court may, if it considers it desirable so to do, decline to exercise its powers under this sub-article in any case where it is satisfied that adequate means of redress for the contravention alleged are or have been available to the person concerned under any other law.
(3) If in any proceedings in any court other than the Civil Court, First Hall, or the Constitutional Court any question arises as to the contravention of any of the provisions of the said articles 33 to 45 (inclusive), that court shall refer the question to the Civil Court, First Hall, unless in its opinion the raising of the question is merely frivolous or vexatious; and that court shall give its decision on any question referred to it under this sub-article and, subject to the provisions of sub-article (4) of this article, the court in which the question arose shall dispose of the question in accordance with that decision.
(4) Any party to proceedings brought in the Civil Court, First Hall, in pursuance of this article shall have a right of appeal to the Constitutional Court.
(5) No appeal shall lie from any determination under this article that any application or the raising of any question is merely frivolous or vexatious.
… (Art. 46) - Maltese(1) Bla ħsara għad-disposizzjonijiet tas-subartikoli (6) u (7) ta’ dan l-artikolu, kull persuna li tallega li xi waħda mid-disposizzjonijiet tal-artikoli 33 sa 45 (magħdudin) ta’ din il- Kostituzzjoni tkun ġiet, tkun qed tiġi jew tkun x’aktarx ser tiġi miksura dwarha, jew kull persuna oħra li l-Prim’Awla tal-Qorti Ċivili f’Malta tista’ taħtar ad istanza ta’ xi persuna li hekk tallega, tista’, bla ħsara għal kull azzjoni oħra dwar l-istess ħaġa li tkun tista’ ssir legalment, titlob lill-Prim’Awla tal-Qorti Ċivili għal rimedju.
(2) Il-Prim’Awla tal-Qorti Ċivili għandu jkollha ġurisdizzjoni oriġinali li tisma’ u tiddeċidi kull talba magħmula minn xi persuna skont is-subartikolu (1) ta’ dan l-artikolu, u tista’ tagħmel dawk l-ordnijiet, toħroġ dawk l-atti u tagħti dawk id-direttivi li tqis xierqa sabiex twettaq, jew tiżgura t-twettiq ta’ kull waħda mid-disposizzjonijiet tal-imsemmija artikoli 33 sa 45 (magħdudin) li għall-protezzjoni tagħhom tkun intitolata dik il-persuna:
Iżda l-Qorti tista’, jekk tqis li jkun desiderabbli li hekk tagħmel, tirrifjuta li teżerċita s-setgħat tagħha skont dan is-subartikolu f’kull każ meta tkun sodisfatta li mezzi xierqa ta’ rimedju għall-ksur allegat huma jew kienu disponibbli favur dik il-persuna skont xi liġi oħra.
(3) Jekk f’xi proċeduri f’xi qorti li ma tkunx il-Prim’Awla tal-Qorti Ċivili jew il-Qorti Kostituzzjonali tqum xi kwistjoni dwar il-ksur ta’ xi waħda mid-disposizzjonijiet tal-imsemmija artikoli 33 sa 45 (magħdudin), dik il-qorti għandha tibgħat il-kwistjoni quddiem il-Prim’Awla tal-Qorti Ċivili kemm-il darba fil-fehma tagħha t-tqanqil tal-kwistjoni ma tkunx sempliċement frivola jew vessatorja; u dik il-qorti għandha tagħti d-deċiżjoni tagħha fuq kull kwistjoni mibgħuta quddiemha skont dan is-subartikolu u, bla ħsara għad-disposizzjonijiet tas-subartikolu (4) ta’ dan l-artikolu, il-qorti li quddiemha tkun qamet il-kwistjoni għandha tiddisponi mill-kwistjoni skont dik id-deċiżjoni.
(4) Kull parti fi proċeduri miġjuba quddiem il-Prim’Awla tal-Qorti Ċivili skont dan l-artikolu jkollha dritt ta’ appell quddiem il-Qorti Kostituzzjonali.
(5) Ma jkunx hemm appell minn xi deċiżjoni skont dan l-artikolu li xi talba jew it-tqanqil ta’ xi kwistjoni tkun sempliċement frivola jew vessatorja.
… (Art. 46)
Judicial Protection
- EnglishEveryone shall have the right of recourse to international institutions for the protection of own rights and freedoms guaranteed by the Constitution. (Art. 56)
- MontenegrinSvako ima pravo obraćanja međunarodnim organizacijama radi zaštite svojih prava i sloboda zajemčenih Ustavom. (Član 56)
Judicial Protection
- EnglishA constitutional appeal may be lodged against individual general acts or actions performed by state bodies or organizations exercising delegated public powers which violate or deny human or minority rights and freedoms guaranteed by the Constitution, if other legal remedies for their protection have already been applied or not specified. (Art. 170)
- Serbian CyrillicУставна жалба се може изјавити против појединачних аката или радњи државних органа или организација којима су поверена јавна овлашћења, а којима се повређују или ускраћују људска или мањинска права и слободе зајемчене Уставом, ако су исцрпљена или нису предвиђена друга правна средства за њихову заштиту. (Члан 170)
Judicial Protection
- EnglishHuman and citizens' rights and freedoms are protected by the court.
Everyone is guaranteed the right to challenge in court the decisions, actions or omission of bodies of state power, bodies of local self-government, officials and officers.
Everyone has the right to appeal for the protection of his or her rights to the Authorised Human Rights Representative of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine.
Everyone shall be guaranteed the right to lodge a constitutional complaint to the Constitutional Court of Ukraine on grounds defined in this Constitution and under the procedure prescribed by law.
After exhausting all domestic legal remedies, everyone has the right to appeal for the protection of his or her rights and freedoms to the relevant international judicial institutions or to the relevant bodies of international organisations of which Ukraine is a member or participant.
Everyone has the right to protect his or her rights and freedoms from violations and illegal encroachments by any means not prohibited by law. (Art. 55) - UkrainianПрава і свободи людини і громадянина захищаються судом.
Кожному гарантується право на оскарження в суді рішень, дій чи бездіяльності органів державної влади, органів місцевого самоврядування, посадових і службових осіб.
Кожен має право звертатися за захистом своїх прав до Уповноваженого Верховної Ради України з прав людини.
Кожному гарантується право звернутись із конституційною скаргою до Конституційного Суду України з підстав, установлених цією Конституцією, та у порядку, визначеному законом.
Кожен має право після використання всіх національних засобів юридичного захисту звертатися за захистом своїх прав і свобод до відповідних міжнародних судових установ чи до відповідних органів міжнародних організацій, членом або учасником яких є Україна.
Кожен має право будь-якими не забороненими законом засобами захищати свої права і свободи від порушень і протиправних посягань. (Стаття 55)
Judicial Protection
- English
Everyone shall have the right in accordance with international treaties of the Republic of Belarus to appeal to international organizations to defend their rights and liberties, provided all available domestic means of legal defence have been exhausted. (Art. 61)
- Belarusian
Кожны мае права ў адпаведнасці з міжнароднымі дагаворамі Рэспублікі Беларусь звяртацца ў міжнародныя арганізацыі з мэтай абароны сваіх правоў і свабод, калі вычарпаны ўсе наяўныя ўнутрыдзяржаўныя сродкі прававой абароны. (Артыкул 61)
- Russian
Каждый вправе в соответствии с международными договорами Республики Беларусь обращаться в международные организации с целью защиты своих прав и свобод, если исчерпаны все имеющиеся внутригосударственные средства правовой защиты. (Статья 61)
Judicial Protection
- English…
(3) The following basic rights shall bind the legislature, the executive and the judiciary as directly applicable law. (Art. 1) - German…
(3) Die nachfolgenden Grundrechte binden Gesetzgebung, vollziehende Gewalt und Rechtsprechung als unmittelbar geltendes Recht. (Art. 1)
Judicial Protection
- English1. In accordance with principles specified by statute, everyone whose constitutional freedoms or rights have been infringed, shall have the right to appeal to the Constitutional Tribunal for its judgment on the conformity to the Constitution of a statute or another normative act upon which basis a court or organ of public administration has made a final decision on his freedoms or rights or on his obligations specified in the Constitution.
2. The provisions of para. 1 above shall not relate to the rights specified in Article 56. (Art. 79) - Polish1. Każdy, czyje konstytucyjne wolności lub prawa zostały naruszone, ma prawo, na zasadach określonych w ustawie, wnieść skargę do Trybunału Konstytucyjnego w sprawie zgodności z Konstytucją ustawy lub innego aktu normatywnego, na podstawie którego sąd lub organ administracji publicznej orzekł ostatecznie o jego wolnościach lub prawach albo o jego obowiązkach określonych w Konstytucji.
2. Przepis ust. 1 nie dotyczy praw określonych w art. 56. (Art. 79)
Judicial Protection
- English
…
Judicial protection of human rights and fundamental freedoms, and the right to obtain redress for the violation of such rights and freedoms, shall be guaranteed.
… (Art. 15) - Slovene
...
Zagotovljeni sta sodno varstvo človekovih pravic in temeljnih svoboščin ter pravica do odprave posledice njihove kršitve.
... (15. Člen)
Judicial Protection
- English(1) In relation to any act (or proposed act) of a public authority which the court finds is (or would be) unlawful, it may grant such relief or remedy, or make such order, within its powers as it considers just and appropriate.
(2) But damages may be awarded only by a court which has power to award damages, or to order the payment of compensation, in civil proceedings.
(3) No award of damages is to be made unless, taking account of all the circumstances of the case, including—
(a) any other relief or remedy granted, or order made, in relation to the act in question (by that or any other court), and
(b) the consequences of any decision (of that or any other court) in respect of that act, the court is satisfied that the award is necessary to afford just satisfaction to the person in whose favour it is made.
(4) In determining—
(a) whether to award damages, or
(b) the amount of an award, the court must take into account the principles applied by the European Court of Human Rights in relation to the award of compensation under Article 41 of the Convention.
… (Human Rights Act 1998, Sec. 8)
Judicial Protection
- EnglishIndividual acts of state administration and bodies vested with public authority shall be grounded in law.
Judicial review of individual acts made by administrative authorities and other bodies vested with public authority shall be guaranteed. (Art. 19) - CroatianPojedinačni akti državne uprave i tijela koja imaju javne ovlasti moraju biti utemeljeni na zakonu.
Zajamčuje se sudska kontrola zakonitosti pojedinačnih akata upravnih vlasti i tijela koja imaju javne ovlasti. (Članak 19)