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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
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Judicial Protection
France
- EnglishIf, during proceedings in progress before a court of law, it is claimed that a legislative provision infringes the rights and freedoms guaranteed by the Constitution, the matter may be referred by the Conseil d’État or by the Cour de Cassation to the Constitutional Council which shall rule within a determined period.
… (1958 Constitution, Art. 61-1) - FrenchLorsque, à l'occasion d'une instance en cours devant une juridiction, il est soutenu qu'une disposition législative porte atteinte aux droits et libertés que la Constitution garantit, le Conseil constitutionnel peut être saisi de cette question sur renvoi du Conseil d'État ou de la Cour de cassation qui se prononce dans un délai déterminé.
… (Constitution 1958, Art. 61-1)
Judicial Protection
Malawi
- English1. The human rights and freedoms enshrined in this Chapter6 shall be respected and upheld by the executive, legislature, judiciary and all organs of the Government and its agencies and, where applicable to them, by all natural and legal persons in Malawi and shall be enforceable in the manner prescribed in this Chapter.
2. Any person or group of persons, natural or legal, with sufficient interest in the promotion, protection and enforcement of rights under this Chapter shall be entitled to the assistance of the courts, the Ombudsman, the Human Rights Commission and other organs of the Government to ensure the promotion, protection and enforcement of those rights and the redress of any grievances in respect of those rights. (Sec. 15)
Judicial Protection
Haiti
- EnglishAny violation of the provisions on individual liberty are arbitrary acts. Injured parties may, without prior authorization, appeal to the competent courts, to bring suit against the authors and perpetrators of these arbitrary acts, regardless of their rank or the body to which they belong. (Art. 27)
- FrenchToutes violations des dispositions relatives à la liberté individuelle sont des actes arbitraires. Les personnes lésées peuvent, sans autorisation préalable, se référer aux tribunaux compétents pour poursuivre les auteurs et les exécuteurs de ces actes arbitraires quelles que soient leurs qualités et à quelque corps qu'ils appartiennent. (Art. 27)
Judicial Protection
Montenegro
- EnglishEveryone shall have the right to legal remedy against the decision ruling on the right or legally based interest thereof. (Art. 20)
- MontenegrinSvako ima pravo na pravni lijek protiv odluke kojom se odlučuje o njegovom pravu ili na zakonom zasnovanom interesu. (Član 20)
Judicial Protection
Namibia
- English...
(2) The High Court shall have original jurisdiction to hear and adjudicate upon all civil disputes and criminal prosecutions, including cases which involve the interpretation, implementation and upholding of this Constitution and the fundamental rights and freedoms guaranteed thereunder. The High Court shall also have jurisdiction to hear and adjudicate upon appeals from Lower Courts.
(3) The jurisdiction of the High Court with regard to appeals shall be determined by Act of Parliament. (Art. 80)
Judicial Protection
Paraguay
- EnglishAll persons that for an act or an omission, manifestly illegitimate, of an authority or of a particular [person], consider themselves gravely affected, or in imminent danger to become so in rights and guarantees consecrated in this Constitution or in the law, and that due to the urgency of the case may not be remedied through the ordinary way [via], may promote amparo before the competent magistrate.
The procedure will be brief, summary, gratuitous and of popular action for the cases specified by the law.
The magistrate will have the faculty to safeguard the right or guarantee, or to immediately restore[,] the infringed juridical situation.
… (Art. 134) - SpanishToda persona que por un acto u omisión, manifiestamente ilegítimo, de una autoridad o de un particular, se considere lesionada gravemente, o en peligro inminente de serlo en derechos o garantías consagradas en esta Constitución o en la ley, y que debido a la urgencia del caso no pudiera remediarse por la vía ordinaria, puede promover amparo ante el magistrado competente. El procedimiento será breve, sumario, gratuito, y de acción popular para los casos previstos en la ley.
El magistrado tendrá facultad para salvaguardar el derecho o garantía, o para restablecer inmediatamente la situación jurídica infringida.
... (Art. 134)
Judicial Protection
Serbia
- EnglishThe Constitutional Court shall be an autonomous and independent state body which shall protect constitutionality and legality, as well as human and minority rights and freedoms.
The Constitutional Court decisions are final, enforceable and generally binding. (Art. 166) - Serbian CyrillicУставни суд је самосталан и независан државни орган који штити уставност и законитост и људска и мањинска права и слободе.
Одлуке Уставног суда су коначне, извршне и општеобавезујуће. (Члан 166)
Judicial Protection
South Africa
- EnglishAnyone listed in this section has the right to approach a competent court, alleging that a right in the Bill of Rights has been infringed or threatened, and the court may grant appropriate relief, including a declaration of rights. The persons who may approach a court are—
(a) anyone acting in their own interest;
(b) anyone acting on behalf of another person who cannot act in their own name;
(c) anyone acting as a member of, or in the interest of, a group or class of persons;
(d) anyone acting in the public interest; and
(e) an association acting in the interest of its members. (Sec. 38)
Judicial Protection
Uruguay
- EnglishAll judges are responsible before the law for the slightest infringement of the rights of individuals as well as for deviation from the established order of procedure in that respect. (Art. 23)
- SpanishTodos los Jueces son responsables ante la ley, de la más pequeña agresión contra los derechos de las personas, así como por separarse del orden de proceder que en ella se establezca. (Art. 23)
Judicial Protection
Switzerland
- English1 The Federal Supreme Court hears disputes concerning violations of:
…
d. cantonal constitutional rights;
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f. federal and cantonal provisions on political rights.
… (Art. 189) - French1 Le Tribunal fédéral connaît des contestations pour violation:
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d. des droits constitutionnels cantonaux;
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f. des dispositions fédérales et cantonales sur les droits politiques.
… (Art. 189) - German1 Das Bundesgericht beurteilt Streitigkeiten wegen Verletzung:
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d. von kantonalen verfassungsmässigen Rechten;
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f. von eidgenössischen und kantonalen Bestimmungen über die politischen Rechte.
… (Art. 189) - Italian1 Il Tribunale federale giudica le controversie per violazione:
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d. dei diritti costituzionali cantonali;
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f. delle disposizioni federali e cantonali sui diritti politici.
… (Art. 189)