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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
Judicial Protection
- English
Lao citizens have the right to file complaints and petitions and to propose ideas to the relevant State organisations in connection with issues pertaining to the public interest or to their own rights and interests.
Complaints, petitions and ideas of citizens must be examined and resolved as provided by the laws. (Art. 41) - Lao
ພົນລະເມືອງລາວ ມີສິດສະເໜີ, ຮ້ອງຟ້ອງ ແລະ ຮ້ອງຂໍຄວາມເປັນທຳ ຕໍ່ອົງການທີ່ກ່ຽວຂ້ອງ ກ່ຽວກັບບັນຫາທີ່ພົວພັນເຖິງສິດ ແລະ ຜົນປະໂຫຍດລວມ ຫຼື ສິດ ແລະ ຜົນປະໂຫຍດສະເພາະຂອງຕົນ.
ຄຳສະເໜີ, ຄຳຮ້ອງຟ້ອງ ແລະ ຄຳຮ້ອງຂໍຄວາມເປັນທຳຂອງພົນລະເມືອງຕ້ອງໄດ້ຮັບການພິຈາລະນາ ແລະ ແກ້ໄຂຕາມທີ່ໄດ້ກຳນົດໄວ້ໃນກົດໝາຍ. (ມາດຕາ. 41) (ປັບປຸງ)
Judicial Protection
- English
The Constitutional Court decides obligatorily on:
...
- the constitutionality of the organic laws and of the laws before their promulgation, of the ordinances as well as the regulatory acts [that] supposedly infringe the fundamental rights of the human person and the public freedoms, after their publication;
... (Art. 84) - French
La Cour Constitutionnelle statue obligatoirement sur :
...
- la constitutionnalité des lois organiques et des lois avant leur promulgation, des ordonnances ainsi que des actes réglementaires censés porter atteinte aux droits fondamentaux de la personne humaine et aux libertés publiques, après leur publication ;
... (Art. 84)
Judicial Protection
- English(1) The Supreme Court shall have sole and exclusive jurisdiction to hear and determine any question relating to the infringement or imminent infringement by executive or administrative action of any fundamental right or language right declared and recognized by Chapter III or Chapter IV.
(2) Where any person alleges that any such fundamental right or language right relating to such person has been infringed or is about to be infringed by executive or administrative action, he may himself or by an attorney-at-law on his behalf, within one month thereof, in accordance with such rules of court as may be in force, apply to the Supreme Court by way of petition in writing addressed to such Court praying for relief or redress in respect of such infringement. Such application may be proceeded with only with leave to proceed first had and obtained from the Supreme Court, which leave may be granted or refused, as the case may be, by not less than two judges.
(3) Where in the course of hearing in the Court of Appeal into an application for orders in the nature of a writ of habeas corpus, certiorari, prohibition, procedendo, mandamus or quo warranto, it appears to such Court that there is prima facie evidence of an infringement or imminent infringement of the provisions of Chapter III or Chapter IV by a party to such application, such Court shall forthwith refer such matter for determination by the Supreme Court.
… (Art. 126) - Sinhala(1) III වැනි පරිච්ඡේදයෙන් හෝ IV වැනි පරිච්ඡේදයෙන් හෝ ප්රකාශ කොට පිළිගන්නා ලද යම් මූලික අයිතිවාසිකමක් නැතහොත් භාෂා අයිතිවාසිකම යම් විධායක හෝ පරිපාලන ක්රියාවක් මගින් කඩ කිරීමට අත්යාසන්නව පැවතීම හා සම්බන්ධ කවර වූ හෝ ප්රශ්නයක් විභාග කොට තීරණය කිරීමේ තනි හා අනන්ය අධිකරණ බලය ශ්රේෂ්ඨාධිකරණයට ඇත්තේ ය.
(2) තමාට සම්බන්ධ එවැනි යම් මූලික අයිතිවාසිකමක් නැතහොත් භාෂා අයිතිවාසිකම යම් විධායක ක්රියාවක් මගින් හෝ පරිපාලන ක්රියාවක් මගින් කඩ කොට ඇති බවට හෝ කඩ කිරීමට අත්යාසන්නව පවතින බවට යම් තැනැත්තකු විසින් දෝෂාරෝපණයක් කරනු ලබන අවස්ථාවක ඔහු විසින් ම නැතහොත් ඔහු වෙනුවෙන් පෙනී සිටින නීතිඥවරයකුගේ මාර්ගයෙන්, එතැන් පටන් මාසයක් ඇතුළත, එම කඩ කිරීමෙන් සහනයක් හෝ පිහිටක් ලබා දෙන ලෙස ශ්රේෂ්ඨාධිකරණයෙන් අයැද සිටින ඉල්ලීමක්, තත්කාලයේ බලපවත්නා අධිකරණ රීතිවලට අනුකූලව ශ්රේෂ්ඨාධිකරණය අමතා ඉදිරිපත් කරන ලිඛිත පෙත්සමක් මගින් කළ හැක්කේ ය. එවැනි ඉල්ලීමක් පිළිබඳව ක්රියා කිරීමට ශ්රේෂ්ඨාධිකරණයෙන් පූර්ව අවසරයක් ලබා ගැනීමෙන් පසුව පමණක් එවැනි ඉල්ලීමක් පිළිබඳව ක්රියා කරගෙන යා හැක්කේ ය. එසේ අවසරය ඉල්ලා සිටි විට අවස්ථාවෝචිත පරිදි ඒ අවසරය ප්රදානය කිරීම හෝ අවසරය දීම ප්රතික්ෂේප කිරීම හෝ විනිශ්චයකාරවරයන් දෙදෙනකුට නොඅඩු සංඛ්යාවක් විසින් කළ හැක්කේ ය.
(3) හේබියස් කෝපුස්, සර්ටියොරාරි, තහනම්, ප්රොසිඩෙන්ඩෝ, මන්ඩාමුස් හෝ ක්වෝ වොරන්ටෝ ස්වභාවයේ වූ රිට් ආඥා සඳහා කරන ලද ඉල්ලීමක් අභියාචනාධිකරණයෙහි විභාග කිරීමේ දී, ඒ ඉල්ලීමේ පාර්ශ්වකරුවකු විසින්, III වැනි පරිච්ඡේදයේ හෝ IV වැනි පරිච්ඡේදයේ විධිවිධාන කඩකර ඇති බවට හෝ කඩ කිරීමට අත්යාසන්නව ඇති බවට බැලූ බැල්මට පෙනෙන සාක්ෂි ඇති බව ඒ අධිකරණයට පෙනී ගිය අවස්ථාවක ඒ කාරණය තීරණය කිරීම සඳහා ඒ අධිකරණය විසින් ශ්රේෂ්ඨාධිකරණය වෙත නොපමාව යොමු කළ යුත්තේ ය.
… (126 වැනි වගන්තිය)
Judicial Protection
- English1. Everyone shall be guaranteed the right of access to justice and to receive, within a reasonable timeframe and through a fair trial, safeguard of his or her legally protected rights or interests.
…
6. To defend the individual rights, freedoms and guarantees, the law provides for swift and priority legal proceedings that ensure the effective and timely safeguard against any threats or violations of said rights, freedoms and guarantees. (Art. 22) - Portuguese1. A todos é garantido o direito de acesso à justiça e de obter, em prazo razoável e mediante processo equitativo, a tutela dos seus direitos ou interesses legalmente protegidos.
…
6. Para defesa dos direitos, liberdades e garantias individuais, a lei estabelece procedimentos judiciais céleres e prioritários que assegurem a tutela efectiva e em tempo útil contra ameaças ou violações desses mesmos direitos, liberdades e garantias. (Art. 22)
Judicial Protection
- EnglishCitizens have the right of recourse to the courts to protect their rights and lawful interests. … (Art. 51)
- Arabicيحق للمواطن أن يلجأ إلى القضـاء لحماية حقوقه ومصالحه المشروع. ... (المادّة 51)
Judicial Protection
- English(1) Where a person alleges that any of the foregoing provisions of this Chapter has been, is being, or is likely to be, contravened in relation to that person or a group of which that person is a member (or, in the case of a person who is detained, where any other person alleges such a contravention in relation to the detained person) then, without prejudice to any other action with respect to the same matter which is lawfully available, that person (or that other person) may apply to the High Court for redress.
(2) The High Court shall have original jurisdiction –
(a) to hear and determine any application made in pursuance of subsection (1);
(b) to determine any question which is referred to it in pursuance of subsection (3);
and may make such orders, issue such writs and make such directions as it may consider appropriate for the purpose of enforcing or securing the enforcement of any of the provisions of this Chapter.
(3) If in any proceedings in any court subordinate to the High Court any question arises as to the contravention of any of the provisions of this Chapter, the person presiding in that court may, and shall where a party to the proceedings so requests, stay the proceedings and refer the question to the High Court unless, in the judgement of that person, which shall be final, the raising of the question is merely frivolous or vexatious.
… (Sec. 35)
Judicial Protection
- English(1) The fundamental human rights and freedoms enshrined and in this Chapter7 shall be respected and upheld by all organs of the Executive and its agencies, the Legislature and, where applicable to them, by all natural and legal persons in The Gambia, and shall be enforceable by the Courts in accordance with this Constitution.
… (Sec. 17)
Judicial Protection
- EnglishEveryone whose rights and freedoms have been violated has the right of recourse to the courts. Everyone is entitled to petition the court that hears his or her case to declare unconstitutional any law, other legislative instrument or measure which is relevant in the case.
The courts observe the Constitution and declare unconstitutional any law, other legislative instrument or measure which violates any rights or freedoms provided in the Constitution or which otherwise contravenes the Constitution. (Sec. 15) - EstonianIgaühel on õigus pöörduda oma õiguste ja vabaduste rikkumise korral kohtusse. Igaüks võib oma kohtuasja läbivaatamisel nõuda mis tahes asjassepuutuva seaduse, muu õigusakti või toimingu põhiseadusevastaseks tunnistamist.
Kohus järgib põhiseadust ja tunnistab põhiseadusevastaseks mis tahes seaduse, muu õigusakti või toimingu, mis rikub põhiseaduses sätestatud õigusi ja vabadusi või on muul viisil põhiseadusega vastuolus. (§ 15)
Judicial Protection
- EnglishWhere any person or any association alleges that any of the rights granted under this Constitution or any legislation or directives are constitutionally contravened, that person or association may invoke the privilege and benefit of court direction, order or writ, including a judgment of unconstitutionality; and anyone injured by an act of the Government or any person acting under its authority, whether in property, contract, tort or otherwise, shall have the right to bring suit for appropriate redress. All such suits brought against the Government shall originate in a Claims Court; appeals from judgment of the Claims Court shall lie directly to the Supreme Court. (Art. 26)
Judicial Protection
- EnglishEvery person has [recourse to] the action of protection [acción de tutela] to claim before the judges, at any time or place, through a preferential and summary proceeding, for themselves or by whoever acts in their name, the immediate protection of their fundamental constitutional rights whenever these [are] consequently damaged or threatened by the action or omission of any public authority.
The protection [protección] will consist of an order so that [the party] from whom the protection [tutela] is solicited, acts or refrains from it. The decision, which must be of immediate compliance, may be challenged before the competent judge, and in any case, the latter may return it to the Constitutional Court for its subsequent [eventual] revision.
This action will proceed only when the affected [party] does not dispose of another means of judicial defense, except when the former is used as a transitory mechanism to avoid an irreversible harm.
In no case may more than ten days elapse between the request for protection [tutela] and its resolution.
The law will establish the cases in which the action of protection [tutela] proceeds against individuals entrusted with the provision of a public service or whose conduct affects seriously and directly the collective interest, or in respect of whom the applicant finds himself in a state of subordination or defenselessness. (Art. 86) - SpanishToda persona tendrá acción de tutela para reclamar ante los jueces, en todo momento y lugar, mediante un procedimiento preferente y sumario, por sí misma o por quien actúe a su nombre, la protección inmediata de sus derechos constitucionales fundamentales, cuando quiera que éstos resulten vulnerados o amenazados por la acción o la omisión de cualquier autoridad pública.
La protección consistirá en una orden para que aquel respecto de quien se solicita la tutela, actúe o se abstenga de hacerlo. El fallo, que será de inmediato cumplimiento, podrá impugnarse ante el juez competente y, en todo caso, éste lo remitirá a la Corte Constitucional para su eventual revisión.
Esta acción solo procederá cuando el afectado no disponga de otro medio de defensa judicial, salvo que aquella se utilice como mecanismo transitorio para evitar un perjuicio irremediable.
En ningún caso podrán transcurrir más de diez días entre la solicitud de tutela y su resolución.
La ley establecerá los casos en los que la acción de tutela procede contra particulares encargados de la prestación de un servicio público o cuya conducta afecte grave y directamente el interés colectivo, o respecto de quienes el solicitante se halle en estado de subordinación o indefensión. (Art. 86)