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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
Judicial Protection
- English(1) Notwithstanding anything in article 32, every High Court shall have power, throughout the territories in relation to which it exercises jurisdiction, to issue to any person or authority, including in appropriate cases, any Government, within those territories directions, orders or writs, including writs in the nature of habeas corpus, mandamus, prohibition, quo warranto and certiorari, or any of them, for the enforcement of any of the rights conferred by Part III and for any other purpose.
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(4) The power conferred on a High Court by this article shall not be in derogation of the power conferred on the Supreme Court by clause (2) of article 32. (Art. 226) - Hindi(1) अनुच्छेद 32 में किसी बात के होते हुए भी प्रत्येक उच्च न्यायालय को उन राज्यक्षेत्रों में सर्वत्र, जिनके संबंध में वह अपनी अधिकारिता का प्रयोग करता है, भाग III द्वारा प्रदत्त अधिकारों में से किसी को प्रवर्तित कराने के लिए और किसी अन्य प्रयोजन के लिए उन राज्यक्षेत्रों के भीतर किसी व्यक्ति या प्राधिकारी को या समुचित मामलों में किसी सरकार को ऐसे निदेश, आदेश या रिट जिनके अंतर्गत बंदी प्रत्यक्षीकरण, परमादेश, प्रतिषेध, अधिकार-पृष्छा और उत्प्रेषण रिट हैं, या उनमें से कोई निकालने की शक्ति होगी।
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(4) इस अनुच्छेद द्वारा उच्च न्यायालय को प्रदत्त शक्ति से, अनुच्छेद 32 के खंड (2) द्वारा उच्चतम न्यायालय को प्रदत्त शक्ति का अल्पीकरण नहीं होगा। (अनुच्छेद 226)
Judicial Protection
- English
(1) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Part, other than —
(a) section 33 (hostile disciplined forces); and
(b) section 36 (restrictions on certain rights and freedoms during public emergencies),
all laws, and all acts done under a law, must be reasonably justifiable in a democratic society that has a proper respect for human rights and dignity.
(2) Any question whether a law is reasonably justifiable in a democratic society that has a proper respect for human rights and dignity is to be determined in the light of the circumstances existing at the time when the decision on the question is made.
(3) Subsection (2) does not affect any question whether an act done under a law was reasonably justifiable in a democratic society that has a proper respect for human rights and dignity.
(4) A law may be declared not to be reasonably justifiable in a democratic society that has a proper respect for human rights and dignity only by the High Court or some other court prescribed for the purpose by or under an Act of Parliament.
(5) In determining whether a law or act is reasonably justifiable in a democratic society that has a proper respect for human rights and dignity, a court may have regard to —
(a) traditional standards, values and practices, as well as previous laws and judicial decisions, of Tuvalu; and
(b) law, practices and judicial decisions of other countries that the court reasonably regards as democratic; and
(c) international conventions, declarations, recommendations and judicial decisions concerning human rights; and
(d) the Charter of Duties and Responsibilities; and
(e) any other matters that the court thinks relevant.
(6) Notwithstanding subsection (5), any law, or any act done under a valid law, which accords with traditional standards, values and practices shall not contravene subsection (1) above, unless the relevant traditional standard, value or practice would be regarded by a resolution of Parliament supported
by the votes of two-thirds of the total membership as one which should be eliminated. (Sec. 15)
Judicial Protection
- English
The citizens of Mongolia are guaranteed to exercise the following rights and freedoms:
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14/ the right to appeal to the court to protect his/her rights if he/she considers that the rights or freedoms as stated by the Mongolian law or an international treaty have been violated;
… (Art. 16) - Mongolian
Монгол Улсын иргэн дараахь үндсэн эрх, эрх чөлөөг баталгаатай эдэлнэ:
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14) Монгол Улсын хууль, олон улсын гэрээнд заасан эрх, эрх чөлөө нь зөрчигдсөн гэж үзвэл уул эрхээ хамгаалуулахаар шүүхэд гомдол гаргах … эрхтэй.
… (Арван зургадугаар зүйл)
Judicial Protection
- English...
2. Constitutional and legal precepts relating to fundamental rights must be interpreted and incorporated in accordance with the Universal Declaration of the Rights of Man, the African Charter on the Rights of Man and Peoples and international treaties on the subject ratified by the Republic of Angola.
3. In any consideration by the Angolan courts of disputes concerning fundamental rights, the international instruments referred to in the previous point shall be applied, even if not invoked by the parties concerned. (Art. 26) - Portuguese...
2. Os preceitos constitucionais e legais relativos aos direitos fundamentais devem ser interpretados e integrados de harmonia com a Declaração Universal dos Direitos do Homem, a Carta Africana dos Direitos do Homem e dos Povos e os tratados internacionais sobre a matéria, ratificados pela República de Angola.
3. Na apreciação de litígios pelos tribunais angolanos relativos à matéria sobre direitos fundamentais, aplicam-se os instrumentos internacionais referidos no número anterior, ainda que não sejam invocados pelas partes. (Art. 26)
Judicial Protection
- EnglishI. The Popular Action shall be filed during the period in which the violation or threat to the rights and collective interests continues. To file this action it is not necessary to exhaust the judicial or administrative processes that might exist.
II. Any person, in his or her individual name or on behalf of a collective, may file this action, and it shall be filed obligatorily by the Public Ministry and the Public Defender (Ministerio Público y el Defensor del Pueblo) when, in the exercise of their functions, they have knowledge of these acts. The procedure for the Action for Constitutional Protection shall be applied. (Art. 136) - SpanishI. La Acción Popular podrá interponerse durante el tiempo que subsista la vulneración o la amenaza a los derechos e intereses colectivos. Para interponer esta acción no será necesario agotar la vía judicial o administrativa que pueda existir.
II. Podrá interponer esta acción cualquier persona, a título individual o en representación de una colectividad y, con carácter obligatorio, el Ministerio Público y el Defensor del Pueblo, cuando por el ejercicio de sus funciones tengan conocimiento de estos actos. Se aplicará el procedimiento de la Acción de Amparo Constitucional. (Art. 136)
Judicial Protection
- EnglishThe law shall defend the rights of the victim. The state shall guarantee judicial protection and compensation to the victim. (Art. 21)
- RussianЗакон защищает права потерпевшего. Государство гарантирует потерпевшему судебную защиту и возмещение нанесенного ему ущерба. (Статья 21)
- TajikІуѕуѕи їабрдидаро ѕонун іифз мекунад. Давлат іифзи судњ ва їуброни зарарро барои їабрдида кафолат медиіад. (Моддаи 21)
Judicial Protection
- EnglishThe judicial power is exercised in Chad by the Supreme Court, the Courts of Appeal, the High Military Court, the tribunals and the justices of the peace.
It is the guardian of the freedoms and of individual property. It sees to the respect of the fundamental rights. (Art. 148) - Arabicتمارس المحكمة العليا ومحاكم الاستئناف والمحكمة العسكرية العليا والمحاكم وقضاة الصلح السلطة القضائية في تشاد.
إنها كافلة الحريات والملكية الفردية، وتحرص على احترام الحقوق الأساسية. (المادة 148) - FrenchLe pouvoir judiciaire est exercé au Tchad par la Cour Suprême, les cours d'Appel, la Haute Cour Militaire, les tribunaux et les justices de paix.
Il est le gardien des libertés et de la propriété individuelle. Il veille au respect des droits fondamentaux. (Art. 148)
Judicial Protection
- EnglishAll persons have the right to an action of amparo in order to demand before the courts, for themselves or by those who act in their name, immediate protection of their fundamental rights, not protected by habeas corpus, when they are violated or threatened by the action or omission of any public authority or of individuals, in order put into effect the fulfillment of a law or administrative act and in order to guarantee collective and diffuse rights and interests. In accordance with the law, the proceeding is preferential, summary, oral, public, free, and not subject to formalities.
Paragraph
The acts adopted during the States of Exception that violate protected rights that unreasonably cause suspended rights are subject to actions of amparo. (Art. 72) - SpanishToda persona tiene derecho a una acción de amparo para reclamar ante los tribunales, por sí o por quien actúe en su nombre, la protección inmediata de sus derechos fundamentales, no protegidos por el hábeas corpus, cuando resulten vulnerados o amenazados por la acción o la omisión de toda autoridad pública o de particulares, para hacer efectivo el cumplimiento de una ley o acto administrativo, para garantizar los derechos e intereses colectivos y difusos. De conformidad con la ley, el procedimiento es preferente, sumario, oral, público, gratuito y no sujeto a formalidades.
Párrafo.- Los actos adoptados durante los Estados de Excepción que vulneren derechos protegidos que afecten irrazonablemente derechos suspendidos están sujetos a la acción de amparo. (Art. 72)
Judicial Protection
- English
Everyone shall have the right in accordance with international treaties of the Republic of Belarus to appeal to international organizations to defend their rights and liberties, provided all available domestic means of legal defence have been exhausted. (Art. 61)
- Belarusian
Кожны мае права ў адпаведнасці з міжнароднымі дагаворамі Рэспублікі Беларусь звяртацца ў міжнародныя арганізацыі з мэтай абароны сваіх правоў і свабод, калі вычарпаны ўсе наяўныя ўнутрыдзяржаўныя сродкі прававой абароны. (Артыкул 61)
- Russian
Каждый вправе в соответствии с международными договорами Республики Беларусь обращаться в международные организации с целью защиты своих прав и свобод, если исчерпаны все имеющиеся внутригосударственные средства правовой защиты. (Статья 61)
Judicial Protection
- English(1) The fundamental human rights and freedoms enshrined in this Chapter5 shall be respected and upheld by the Executive, Legislature and Judiciary and all other organs of government and its agencies and, where applicable to them, by all natural and legal persons in Ghana, and shall be enforceable by the Courts as provided for in this Constitution.
… (Art. 12)