SEARCH DATABASE
The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
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Judicial Protection
Ghana
- English(1) The fundamental human rights and freedoms enshrined in this Chapter5 shall be respected and upheld by the Executive, Legislature and Judiciary and all other organs of government and its agencies and, where applicable to them, by all natural and legal persons in Ghana, and shall be enforceable by the Courts as provided for in this Constitution.
… (Art. 12)
Judicial Protection
Paraguay
- EnglishAll persons that for an act or an omission, manifestly illegitimate, of an authority or of a particular [person], consider themselves gravely affected, or in imminent danger to become so in rights and guarantees consecrated in this Constitution or in the law, and that due to the urgency of the case may not be remedied through the ordinary way [via], may promote amparo before the competent magistrate.
The procedure will be brief, summary, gratuitous and of popular action for the cases specified by the law.
The magistrate will have the faculty to safeguard the right or guarantee, or to immediately restore[,] the infringed juridical situation.
… (Art. 134) - SpanishToda persona que por un acto u omisión, manifiestamente ilegítimo, de una autoridad o de un particular, se considere lesionada gravemente, o en peligro inminente de serlo en derechos o garantías consagradas en esta Constitución o en la ley, y que debido a la urgencia del caso no pudiera remediarse por la vía ordinaria, puede promover amparo ante el magistrado competente. El procedimiento será breve, sumario, gratuito, y de acción popular para los casos previstos en la ley.
El magistrado tendrá facultad para salvaguardar el derecho o garantía, o para restablecer inmediatamente la situación jurídica infringida.
... (Art. 134)
Judicial Protection
Germany
- English…
(3) The following basic rights shall bind the legislature, the executive and the judiciary as directly applicable law. (Art. 1) - German…
(3) Die nachfolgenden Grundrechte binden Gesetzgebung, vollziehende Gewalt und Rechtsprechung als unmittelbar geltendes Recht. (Art. 1)
Judicial Protection
Malawi
- English…
3. Every person shall have the right to an effective remedy by a court of law or tribunal for acts violating the rights and freedoms granted to him or her by this Constitution or any other law. (Sec. 41)
Judicial Protection
Uruguay
- EnglishAll judges are responsible before the law for the slightest infringement of the rights of individuals as well as for deviation from the established order of procedure in that respect. (Art. 23)
- SpanishTodos los Jueces son responsables ante la ley, de la más pequeña agresión contra los derechos de las personas, así como por separarse del orden de proceder que en ella se establezca. (Art. 23)
Judicial Protection
Montenegro
- EnglishEveryone shall have the right of recourse to international institutions for the protection of own rights and freedoms guaranteed by the Constitution. (Art. 56)
- MontenegrinSvako ima pravo obraćanja međunarodnim organizacijama radi zaštite svojih prava i sloboda zajemčenih Ustavom. (Član 56)
Judicial Protection
Niger
- EnglishJustice is rendered on the national territory in the name of the People and with a strict respect for the rule of law, as well as for the rights and freedoms of each citizen.
… (Art. 117) - FrenchLa justice est rendue sur le territoire national au nom du peuple et dans le respect strict de la règle de droit, ainsi que des droits et libertés de chaque citoyen.
… (Art. 117)
Judicial Protection
China
- English…
Citizens who have suffered losses through infringement of their civil rights by any state organ or functionary have the right to compensation in accordance with the law. (Art. 41) - Chinese…
由于国家机关和国家工作人员侵犯公民权利而受到损失的人,有依照法律规定取得赔偿的权利。(第四十一条 )
Judicial Protection
Serbia
- EnglishA constitutional appeal may be lodged against individual general acts or actions performed by state bodies or organizations exercising delegated public powers which violate or deny human or minority rights and freedoms guaranteed by the Constitution, if other legal remedies for their protection have already been applied or not specified. (Art. 170)
- Serbian CyrillicУставна жалба се може изјавити против појединачних аката или радњи државних органа или организација којима су поверена јавна овлашћења, а којима се повређују или ускраћују људска или мањинска права и слободе зајемчене Уставом, ако су исцрпљена или нису предвиђена друга правна средства за њихову заштиту. (Члан 170)
Judicial Protection
South Africa
- English(1) When interpreting the Bill of Rights, a court, tribunal or forum –
(a) must promote the values that underlie an open and democratic society based on human dignity, equality and freedom;
(b) must consider international law; and
(c) may consider foreign law.
(2) When interpreting any legislation, and when developing the common law or customary law, every court, tribunal or forum must promote the spirit, purport and objects of the Bill of Rights.
(3) The Bill of Rights does not deny the existence of any other rights or freedoms that are recognised or conferred by common law, customary law or legislation, to the extent that they are consistent with the Bill. (Sec. 39)