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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
Judicial Protection
- EnglishProtection proceedings shall be aimed at ensuring the direct and efficient safeguard of the rights enshrined in the Constitution and can be filed whenever there is a breach of constitutional rights as a result of deeds or omissions by any non-judiciary public authority against public policies when they involve removing the enjoyment or exercise of constitutional rights; and when the violation proceeds from a particular person, if the violation of the right causes severe damage, if it provides improper public services, if it acts by delegation or concession, or if the affected person is in a status of subordination, defenselessness or discrimination. (Art. 88)
- SpanishLa acción de protección tendrá por objeto el amparo directo y eficaz de los derechos reconocidos en la Constitución, y podrá interponerse cuando exista una vulneración de derechos constitucionales, por actos u omisiones de cualquier autoridad pública no judicial; contra políticas públicas cuando supongan la privación del goce o ejercicio de los derechos constitucionales; y cuando la violación proceda de una persona particular, si la violación del derecho provoca daño grave, si presta servicios públicos impropios, si actúa por delegación o concesión, o si la persona afectada se encuentra en estado de subordinación, indefensión o discriminación. (Art. 88)
Judicial Protection
- English
(1) A right or freedom conferred by this Part is enforceable by the Supreme Court at the suit of a person having an interest in the enforcement of that right or freedom.
(2) The Supreme Court may make all such orders and declarations as are necessary and appropriate for the purposes of clause (1) of this Article. (Art. 14)
Judicial Protection
- English(1) Subject to the provisions of paragraph (6), if any person, including a person acting on behalf of another who is not acting in his or her own name, or a person acting on behalf of a group or an association acting on behalf of its members, alleges that any of the provisions of articles 138 to 151 (inclusive)5 has been, is being, or is likely to be contravened in relation to him or her (or in the case of a person who is detained, if any other person alleges such a contravention in relation to the detained person) then, without prejudice to any other action with respect to the same matter which is lawfully available, that person or association (or that other person) may apply to the High Court for redress.
(2) The High Court shall have original jurisdiction -
(a) to hear and determine any application made by any person in pursuance of the preceding paragraph;
(b) to determine any question arising in the case of any person which is referred to it in pursuance of the next following paragraph,
and may make such orders, issue such writs and give such directions as it may consider appropriate for the purpose of enforcing or securing the enforcement of any of the provisions of article 138 to 151 (inclusive).
(3) If in any proceedings in any court subordinate to the High Court any question arises as to the contravention of any of the provisions of articles 138 to 151 (inclusive), the person presiding in that court shall refer the question to the High Court unless, in his opinion, the raising of the question is merely frivolous or vexatious.
(4) Where any question is referred to the High Court in pursuance of paragraph (3), the High Court shall give its decision upon the question and the court in which the question arose shall dispose of the case in accordance with that decision or if that decision is the subject of an appeal under this Constitution to the Court of Appeal, in accordance with the decision of the Court of Appeal.
(5) Parliament may confer upon the High Court such powers in addition to those conferred by this article as may appear to Parliament to be necessary or desirable for the purpose of enabling the High Court more effectively to exercise the jurisdiction conferred upon it by this article.
(6) Parliament may make provision with respect to the practice and procedure -
(a) of the High Court in relation to the jurisdiction and powers conferred upon it by or under this article;
(b) of the High Court and the Court of Appeal in relation to appeals to the Court of Appeal from decisions of the High Court in the exercise of such jurisdiction;
(c) of subordinate courts in relation to references to the High Court under paragraph (3),
including provision with respect to the time within which any application, reference or appeal shall or may be made or brought; and, subject to any provision so made, provision may be made with respect to the matters aforesaid by rules of court. (Art. 153)
Judicial Protection
- EnglishThe Supreme Court of Justice, will be organized in chambers, one of which is the Constitutional [Chamber], …
The Constitutional Chamber has the following attributions:
1) To take cognizance[,] in conformity with this Constitution and the law, of the recourses of Habeas Corpus or Personal Exhibition [Exhibición Personal], Habeas Data, Amparo, Unconstitutionality and Revision,
… (Art. 316) - SpanishLa Corte Suprema de Justicia, está organizada en salas, una de las cuales es la de lo Constitucional, …
La Sala de lo Constitucional tiene las atribuciones siguientes:
1. Conocer, de conformidad con esta Constitución y la Ley, de los recursos de Habeas Corpus o Exhibición Personal, Habeas Data, Amparo, Inconstitucionalidad y Revisión;
… (Art. 316)
Judicial Protection
- EnglishThe functions of the Court are to:
1) protect through judicial procedure the State power and the socialist system established in the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea, the property of the State and social, cooperative organizations, personal rights as guaranteed by the Constitution, and the lives and property of citizens;
... (Art. 162) - Korean재판소는 다음과 같은 임무를 수행한다.
1. 재판활동을 통하여 조선민주주의인민공화국의 주권과 사회주의제도, 국가와 사회협동단체재산, 인민의 헌법적권리와 생명재산을 보호한다.
… (제162조)
Judicial Protection
- English
(1) An appeal may be made from a decision of the Court of Appeal to the Sovereign in Council-
(a) with the leave of the Court of Appeal-
…
(ii) in the case of a final decision in proceedings under Division 5 (Enforcement of the Bill of Rights) of Part II;
… (Sec. 139)
Judicial Protection
- English
It corresponds to the Constitutional Tribunal:
…
2. To take cognizance, in final and definitive instance, of resolutions denying habeas corpus, amparo, habeas data, and action of cumplimiento.
… (Art. 202) - Spanish
Corresponde al Tribunal Constitucional:
…
2. Conocer, en última y definitiva instancia, las resoluciones denegatorias de hábeas corpus, amparo, hábeas data, y acción de cumplimiento.
… (Art. 202)
Judicial Protection
- English(1) Subject to the Constitution, a High Court may, if it is satisfied that no other adequate remedy is provided by law,--
(a) on the application of any aggrieved party, make an order-
(i) directing a person performing, within the territorial jurisdiction of the Court, functions in connection with the affairs of the Federation, a Province or a local authority, to refrain from doing anything he is not permitted by law to do, or to do anything he is required by law to do; or
(ii) declaring that any act done or proceeding taken within the territorial jurisdiction of the Court by a person performing functions in connection with the affairs of the Federation, a Province or a local authority has been done or taken without lawful authority and is of no legal effect;
…
(c) on the application of any aggrieved person, make an order giving such directions to any person or authority, including any Government exercising any power or performing any function in, or in relation to, any territory within the jurisdiction of that Court as may be appropriate for the enforcement of any of the Fundamental Rights conferred by Chapter 1 of Part II.
(2) Subject to the Constitution, the right to move a High Court for the enforcement of any of the Fundamental Rights conferred by Chapter 1 of Part II shall not be abridged.
…
(5) In this Article, unless the context otherwise requires,-
"person" includes any body politic or corporate, any authority of or under the control of the Federal Government or of a Provincial Government, and any Court or tribunal, other than the Supreme Court, a High Court or a Court or tribunal established under a law relating to the Armed Forces of Pakistan;
… (Art. 199) - Urdu(ا) اگر کسی عدالت عالیہ کو اطمینان ہو کہ قانون میں کسی اور مناسب چارہ جوئی کا انتظام نہیں ہے تو وہ، دستور کے تابع، --
(الف) کسی فریق داد خواہ کی درخواست پر، بذریعہ حکم،--
(اول) اس عدالت کے علاقائی اختیار سماعت میں وفاق، کسی صوبے یا کسی مقامی ہیئت مجاذ کے امور کے سلسلے میں فرائض انجام دینے والے کسی شخص کو ہدایت دے سکے گی کہ وہ کوئی ایسا کام کرنے سے اجتناب کرے، جس کے کرنے کی اجازت اسے قانون نہیں دیتا، یا وہ کوئی ایسا کام کرے جو قانون کی رو سے اس پر واجب ہے؛ یا
(دوم) یہ اعلان کر سکے گی کہ عدالت کے علاقائی اختیار سماعت میں وفاق، کسی صوبے یا کسی مقامی ہیئت مجاذ کے امور کے سلسلے میں فرائض انجام دینے والے کسی شخص کی طرف سے کیا ہوا کوئی فعل یا کی ہوئی کوئی کاروائی قانونی اختیار کے بغیر کی گئی ہے اور کوئی قانونی اثر نہیں رکھتی ہے؛
...
(ج) کسی فریق داد خواہ کی درخواست پر، اس عدالت کے اختیار سماعت کے اندر کسی علاقے میں، یا اس علاقے کے بارے میں، کسی اختیار کو استعمال کرنیوالے کسی شخص یا ہیئت مجاذ، بشمول کسی حکومت کو ایسی ہدایات دیتے ہوئے حکم صادر کر سکے گی جو حصہ دوم کے باب ا میں تفویض کردہ بنیادی حقوق میں سے کسی حق کے نفاذ کے لئے موزوں ہوں۔
(۲) دستور کے تابع، حصہ دوم کے باب ا میں تفویض کردہ بنیادی حقوق میں سے کسی حق کے نفاذ کے لئے کسی عدالت عالیہ سے رجوع کرنے کا حق محدود نہیں کیا جائے گا۔
...
(۵) اس آرٹیکل میں، بجز اس کے کہ سیاق و سباق سے کچھ اور ظاہر ہو، --
"شخص" میں کوئی ہیئت سیاسی یا ہیئت اجتماعی، وفاقی حکومت یا کسی صوبائی حکومت کی یا اس کے تحت کوئی ہیئت مجاذ اور کوئی عدالت یا ٹریبونل شامل ہے، ماسوائے عدالت عظمی یا کسی عدالت عالیہ یا کسی ایسی عدالت یا ٹریبونل کے جو پاکستان کی مسلح افواج سے متعلق کسی قانون کے تحت قائم کیا گیا ہو؛
… (آرٹیکل ۱۹۹)
Judicial Protection
- EnglishThe fundamental rights must be respected within the whole [ensemble] of the juridical, administrative and institutional order. … (Art. 48)
- KirundiAmateka ngenderwako ategerezwa kwubahirizwa mu bisata vyose vy’ubutungane, vy’intwaro hamwe n’inzego zose z’igihugu. … (Ingingo ya 48)
- FrenchLes droits fondamentaux doivent être respectés dans l’ensemble de l’ordre juridique, administratif et institutionnel. … (Art. 48)
Judicial Protection
- EnglishEveryone has the right to be protected by the courts in the enjoyment and exercise of constitutional rights and guarantees, including even those inherent individual rights not expressly mentioned in this Constitution or in international instruments concerning human rights.
Proceedings on a claim for constitutional protection shall be oral, public, brief, free of charge and unencumbered by formalities, and the competent judge shall have the power to restore immediately the legal situation infringed upon or the closest possible equivalent thereto. All time shall be available for the holding of such proceedings, and the court shall give constitutional claims priority over any other matters.
The action for the protection of liberty or safety, may be exercised by any person and the physical custody of the person of the detainee shall be transferred immediately to the court, without delay.
The exercise of this right shall not be affected in any way by the declaration of a state of exception or restriction of constitutional guarantees. (Art. 27) - SpanishToda persona tiene derecho a ser amparada por los tribunales en el goce y ejercicio de los derechos y garantías constitucionales, aun de aquellos inherentes a la persona que no figuren expresamente en esta Constitución o en los instrumentos internacionales sobre derechos humanos.
El procedimiento de la acción de amparo constitucional será oral, público, breve, gratuito y no sujeto a formalidad, y la autoridad judicial competente tendrá potestad para restablecer inmediatamente la situación jurídica infringida o la situación que más se asemeje a ella. Todo tiempo será hábil y el tribunal lo tramitará con preferencia a cualquier otro asunto.
La acción de amparo a la libertad o seguridad podrá ser interpuesta por cualquier persona, y el detenido o detenida será puesto bajo la custodia del tribunal de manera inmediata, sin dilación alguna.
El ejercicio de este derecho no puede ser afectado, en modo alguno, por la declaración del estado de excepción o de la restricción de garantías constitucionales. (Art. 27)