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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
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Judicial Protection
Germany
- English...
(4) Should any person's rights be violated by public authority, he may have recourse to the courts. If no other jurisdiction has been established, recourse shall be to the ordinary courts. The second sentence of paragraph (2) of Article 10 shall not be affected by this paragraph. (Art. 19) - German...
(4) Wird jemand durch die öffentliche Gewalt in seinen Rechten verletzt, so steht ihm der Rechtsweg offen. Soweit eine andere Zuständigkeit nicht begründet ist, ist der ordentliche Rechtsweg gegeben. Artikel 10 Abs. 2 Satz 2 bleibt unberührt. (Art. 19)
Judicial Protection
Malawi
- English...
2. Any person who claims that a right or freedom guaranteed by this Constitution has been infringed or threatened shall be entitled—
a. to make application to a competent court to enforce or protect such a right or freedom;
…
3. Where a court referred to in subsection (2)(a) finds that rights or freedoms conferred by this Constitution have been unlawfully denied or violated, it shall have the power to make any orders that are necessary and appropriate to secure the enjoyment of those rights and freedoms and where a court finds that a threat exists to such rights or freedoms, it shall have the power to make any orders necessary and appropriate to prevent those rights and freedoms from being unlawfully denied or violated.
4. A court referred to in subsection (2)(a) shall have the power to award compensation to any person whose rights or freedoms have been unlawfully denied or violated where it considers it to be appropriate in the circumstances of a particular case.
... (Sec. 46)
Judicial Protection
Liechtenstein
- EnglishThe right of complaint shall be guaranteed. Every Liechtenstein citizen shall be entitled to lodge a complaint regarding any action or procedure on the part of a public authority that is contrary to the Constitution, the law, or ordinances and that is detrimental to his rights or interests. Such complaint may be addressed to the immediately superior authority and may, if necessary, be pursued to the highest authority, to the extent that the stages of recourse are not limited by law. If a complaint thus submitted is rejected by the superior authority, the superior authority shall be required to disclose to the complainant the reasons for its decision. (Art. 43)
- GermanDas Recht der Beschwerdeführung ist gewährleistet. Jeder Landesangehörige ist berechtigt, über das seine Rechte oder Interessen benachteiligende verfassungs-, gesetz- oder verordnungswidrige Benehmen oder Verfahren einer Behörde bei der ihr unmittelbar vorgesetzten Stelle Beschwerde zu erheben und dies nötigenfalls bis zur höchsten Stelle zu verfolgen, soweit nicht eine gesetzliche Beschränkung des Rechtsmittelzuges entgegensteht. Wird die eingebrachte Beschwerde von der vorgesetzten Stelle verworfen, so ist diese verpflichtet, dem Beschwerdeführer die Gründe ihrer Entscheidung zu eröffnen. (Art. 43)
Judicial Protection
Morocco
- EnglishThe judge is in charge of the protection of the rights and freedoms and of the judicial security of the persons and of the groups, as well as of the application of the law. (Art. 117)
- Arabicيتولّى القاضي حماية حقوق الأشخاص والجماعات وحرّياتهم وأمنهم القضائيّ، وتطبيق القانون. (الفصل 117)
Judicial Protection
Guyana
- English(1) Subject to paragraphs (3) and (6), every person, as contemplated by the respective international treaties set out in the Fourth Schedule to which Guyana has acceded is entitled to the human rights enshrined in the said international treaties, and such rights shall be respected and upheld by the executive, legislature judiciary and all organs and agencies of Government and, where applicable to them, by all natural and legal persons and shall be enforceable in the manner hereinafter prescribed.
… (Art. 154A)
Judicial Protection
Poland
- EnglishThe rights specified in Article 65, paras. 4 and 5, Article 66, Article 69, Article 71 and Articles 74-76, may be asserted subject to limitations specified by statute. (Art. 81)
- PolishPraw określonych w art. 65 ust. 4 i 5, art. 66, art. 69, art. 71 i art. 74-76 można dochodzić w granicach określonych w ustawie. (Art. 81)
Judicial Protection
Sao Tome and Principe
- EnglishEvery citizen shall have the right to resort to the courts against acts that violate their rights recognized by the Constitution and by the law, and justice may not be denied because of an insufficiency of economic means. (Art. 20)
- PortugueseTodo o cidadão tem direito de recorrer aos tribunais contra os actos que violem os seus direitos reconhecidos pela Constituição e pela lei, não podendo a justiça ser denegada por insuficiência de meios económicos. (Art. 20)
Judicial Protection
Paraguay
- EnglishThe guarantees contained in this chapter3 are established to make effective the rights consecrated in this Constitution, [and] will be regulated by the law. (Art. 131)
- SpanishPara hacer efectivos los derechos consagrados en esta Constitución, se establecen las garantías contenidas en este capítulo, las cuales serán reglamentadas por la ley. (Art. 131)
Judicial Protection
Slovenia
- EnglishEveryone has the right to have any decision regarding his rights, duties, and any charges brought against him made without undue delay by an independent, impartial court constituted by law.
… (Art. 23) - SloveneVsakdo ima pravico, da o njegovih pravicah in dolžnostih ter o obtožbah proti njemu brez nepotrebnega odlašanja odloča neodvisno, nepristransko in z zakonom ustanovljeno sodišče.
… (23. Člen)
Judicial Protection
Sudan
- EnglishThe right to litigate shall be guaranteed for all, and no one shall be deprived of the right to resort to the justice system. (Art. 52)
- Arabicيكفل للكافة الحق في التقاضي، ولا يجوز منع أحد من حقه في اللجوء إلي العدالة. (الماده 53)