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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
Judicial Protection
- English
1. Everyone has the right to recognition of his/her legal personality and the right to protect his/her rights and freedoms by all means not contradicting the law, including the necessary defense.
2. Everyone shall have the right to legal defense of his rights and freedoms.
… (Art. 13) - Kazak
1. Әркімнің құқық субъектісі ретінде танылуына құқығы бар және өзінің құқықтары мен бостандықтарын, қажетті қорғанысты қоса алғанда, заңға қайшы келмейтін барлық тәсілдермен қорғауға хақылы.
2. Әркiмнiң өз құқықтары мен бостандықтарының сот арқылы қорғалуына құқығы бар.
… (13-бап)
Judicial Protection
- English
(1) The High Court has original jurisdiction —
(a) to determine any application made under section 38 (application for enforcement of the Bill of Rights); and
(b) to determine any question referred to it under section 39 (questions as to the Bill of Rights arising in subordinate courts),
and may make any orders, issue any writs and give any directions that it thinks appropriate for enforcing or securing the enforcement of this Part.
(2) The High Court may refuse to exercise its powers under subsection (1) if it is satisfied that adequate means of redress for the alleged contravention are or have been reasonably available to the person concerned under any other law. (Sec. 40)
Judicial Protection
- EnglishThere shall be a right to obtain constitutional remedies in the manner set forth in Article 133 or 144 for the enforcement of the rights conferred by this Part. (Art. 46)
- Nepaliयस भागद्वारा प्रदत्त हकको प्रचलनकालागि धारा १३३ वा १४४ मा लेखिए बमोजिम संवैधानिक उपचार पाउने हक हुनेछ । (धारा ४६)
Judicial Protection
- English
The Constitutional Court is the highest jurisdiction of the State in constitutional matters. It is the judge of the constitutionality of the law and it guarantees the fundamental rights of the human person and the public freedoms. It is the regulatory organ of the functioning of the institutions and of the activity of the public powers. (Art. 114)
- French
La Cour constitutionnelle est la plus haute juridiction de l'Etat en matière constitutionnelle. Elle est juge de la constitutionnalité de la loi et elle garantit les droits fondamentaux de la personne humaine et les libertés publiques. Elle est l'organe régulateur du fonctionnement des institutions et de l'activité des pouvoirs publics. (Art. 114)
Judicial Protection
- EnglishHe who by cause of arbitrary or illegal acts or omissions suffers privation, disturbance [peturbación] or threat in the legitimate exercise of the rights and guarantees established in Article 19, Numerals 1, 2, 3 fifth paragraph, 4, 5, 6, 9 final paragraph, 11, 12, 13, 15, 16 concerning the freedom to work and to the right of freedom of choice and freedom to contract, and to what is established in the fourth paragraph, [and Numerals] 19, 21, 22, 23, 24 and 25, can on his own, or anyone on his behalf, resort to the respective Court of Appeals, which will immediately adopt the measures [providencias] that it judges necessary to reestablish the rule of law and assure due protection to the affected [person], without prejudice to the other rights which he might assert before the authority or the corresponding tribunals.
The recourse of protection [recurso de protección] in the case of Numeral 8 of Article 19, when the right to live in an environment free from contamination has been affected by an illegal act or omission imputable to an authority or a specific person, can also proceed. (Art. 20) - SpanishEl que por causa de actos u omisiones arbitrarios o ilegales sufra privación, perturbación o amenaza en el legítimo ejercicio de los derechos y garantías establecidos en el artículo 19, números 1º, 2º, 3º inciso quinto, 4º, 5º, 6º, 9º inciso final, 11º,12º, 13º, 15º, 16º en lo relativo a la libertad de trabajo y al derecho a su libre elección y libre contratación, y a lo establecido en el inciso cuarto, 19º, 21º, 22º, 23º, 24°, y 25º podrá ocurrir por sí o por cualquiera a su nombre, a la Corte de Apelaciones respectiva, la que adoptará de inmediato las providencias que juzgue necesarias para restablecer el imperio del derecho y asegurar la debida protección del afectado, sin perjuicio de los demás derechos que pueda hacer valer ante la autoridad o los tribunales correspondientes.
Procederá, también, el recurso de protección en el caso del Nº8º del artículo 19, cuando el derecho a vivir en un medio ambiente libre de contaminación sea afectado por un acto u omisión ilegal imputable a una autoridad o persona determinada. (Art. 20)
Judicial Protection
- EnglishA person whose rights or liberties guaranteed by the Constitution are violated, has the right to submit a petition to the Constitutional Court for a decision on whether such act is contrary to or inconsistent with the Constitution, according to the rules, procedures and conditions prescribed by the Organic Act on Procedures of the Constitutional Court. (Sec. 213)
- Thaiบุคคลซึ่งถูกละเมิดสิทธิหรือเสรีภาพที่รัฐธรรมนูญคุ้มครองไว้มีสิทธิยื่นคําร้องต่อศาลรัฐธรรมนูญเพื่อมีคําวินิจฉัยว่าการกระทํานั้นขัดหรือแย้งต่อรัฐธรรมนูญ ทั้งนี้ ตามหลักเกณฑ์ วิธีการ และเงื่อนไขที่บัญญัติไว้ในพระราชบัญญัติประกอบรัฐธรรมนูญว่าด้วยวิธีพิจารณาของศาลรัฐธรรมนูญ (มาตรา ๒๑๓)
Judicial Protection
- English
The judicial power sees to respect for the rights and freedoms defined by this Constitution.
… (Art. 72)4 - Arabic
تحرص السلطة القضائية على احترام الحقوق والحريات المعرّفة في هذا الدستور.
... (المادة 72) - French
… Le pouvoir judiciaire veille au respect des droits et libertés définis par la présente constitution.
... (Art. 71)
Judicial Protection
- EnglishProtection proceedings shall be aimed at ensuring the direct and efficient safeguard of the rights enshrined in the Constitution and can be filed whenever there is a breach of constitutional rights as a result of deeds or omissions by any non-judiciary public authority against public policies when they involve removing the enjoyment or exercise of constitutional rights; and when the violation proceeds from a particular person, if the violation of the right causes severe damage, if it provides improper public services, if it acts by delegation or concession, or if the affected person is in a status of subordination, defenselessness or discrimination. (Art. 88)
- SpanishLa acción de protección tendrá por objeto el amparo directo y eficaz de los derechos reconocidos en la Constitución, y podrá interponerse cuando exista una vulneración de derechos constitucionales, por actos u omisiones de cualquier autoridad pública no judicial; contra políticas públicas cuando supongan la privación del goce o ejercicio de los derechos constitucionales; y cuando la violación proceda de una persona particular, si la violación del derecho provoca daño grave, si presta servicios públicos impropios, si actúa por delegación o concesión, o si la persona afectada se encuentra en estado de subordinación, indefensión o discriminación. (Art. 88)
Judicial Protection
- English
(1) The Constitutional Court pronounces on rulings by an administrative court in so far as the appellant alleges an infringement by the ruling of a constitutionally guaranteed right or on the score of an ordinance that lacks a basis in law, an alike proclamation of the republication of a law (treaty), an unconstitutional law, or an unlawful treaty.
… (Art. 144) - German
(1) Der Verfassungsgerichtshof erkennt über Beschwerden gegen das Erkenntnis eines Verwaltungsgerichtes, soweit der Beschwerdeführer durch das Erkenntnis in einem verfassungsgesetzlich gewährleisteten Recht oder wegen Anwendung einer gesetzwidrigen Verordnung, einer gesetzwidrigen Kundmachung über die Wiederverlautbarung eines Gesetzes (Staatsvertrages), eines verfassungswidrigen Gesetzes oder eines rechtswidrigen Staatsvertrages in seinen Rechten verletzt zu sein behauptet.
… (Art. 144)
Judicial Protection
- English(1) If any person alleges that any of the provisions of sections 18 to 33 or section 36(5) of this Chapter has been, is being, or is likely to be contravened in relation to himself or herself by any person he or she may apply to the High Court for redress.
(2) An application may be made under this section in the case of a person who is detained by some other person acting on the detained person's behalf.
(3) An application under this section shall be without prejudice to any other action with respect to the same matter which is lawfully available.
(4) If in any proceedings in any court subordinate to the High Court any question arises as to the contravention of any of the provisions of the said sections 18 to 33 or section 36(5), that court may, and shall if any party so requests, refer the question to the High Court, unless, in the opinion of the subordinate court, the raising of the question is merely frivolous or vexatious.
(5) The High Court shall—
(a) hear and determine any application made by any person pursuant to subsection (1) or (2);
(b) determine any question arising in the case of any person which is referred to it in pursuance of subsection (4)
and may, in addition to the powers conferred on it by section 5 (which relates to defence of the Constitution) make such order, issue such writ, and give such directions as it may consider appropriate for the purposes of enforcing or securing the enforcement of any of the provisions of the said sections 18 to 33 or section 36(5) to the protection of which the person concerned is entitled:
Provided that the High Court may decline to exercise its powers under this subsection if it is satisfied that adequate means of redress for the contravention alleged are or have been available to the person concerned under any other law.
…
(7) An Act of the National Assembly may confer on the High Court such powers in addition to those conferred by this section as may appear to be necessary or desirable for the purpose of enabling the Court more effectively to exercise the jurisdiction conferred upon it by this section.
… (Sec. 37)