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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.

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Political Rights and Association

Maldives
  • English
    Unless otherwise provided in this Constitution, every citizen of the Maldives eighteen years of age or older has the right:
    (a) to vote in elections, and in public referendums, which shall be held by secret ballot;
    (b) to run for public office;
    … (Art. 26)
  • Dhivehi
    މި ޤާނޫނުއަސާސީ ގައި އެހެންގޮތަކަށް ބަޔާންކޮށްފައި ނުވާހައި ހިނދަކު އުމުރުން އަށާރަ އަހަރުން މަތީގެ ކޮންމެ ރައްޔިތަކަށްމެ އަންނަނިވި ޙައްޤުތައް ލިބިގެންވެއެވެ.
    (ހ) އިންތިހާބްތަކުގައްޔާއި ރައްޔިތުންގެ ހިޔާލު ހޯދުމުގެ ޢާންމު ވޯޓުތަކުގައި ވޯޓުދިނުމުގެ ޙައްޤު. މިފަދަ ވޯޓުތަކަކީ ސިއްރު ވޯޓުތަކަކަށް ވާންވާނެއެވެ.
    (ށ) އިންތިޙާބުތަކުގައި އެކިއެކި މަޤާމުތަކަށް ކުރިމަތިލުމުގެ ޙައްޤު.
    ... (ޤާނޫނުއަސާސީގެ 26 ވަނަ މާއްދާ)

Political Rights and Association

Pakistan
  • English
    The State shall encourage local Government institutions composed of elected representatives of the areas concerned and in such institutions special representation will be given to peasants, workers and women. (Art. 32)
  • Urdu
    مملکت متعلقہ علاقوں کے منتخب نمائندوں پر مشتمل بلدیاتی اداروں کی حوصلہ افزائی کرے گی اور ایسے اداروں میں کسانوں، مزدوروں اور عورتوں کو خصوصی نمائندگی دی جائے گی۔ (آرٹیکل ۳۲)

Political Rights and Association

Syrian Arab Republic
  • English
    The state shall provide women with all opportunities enabling them to effectively and fully contribute to the political, economic, social and cultural life, and the state shall work on removing the restrictions that prevent their development and participation in building society. (Art. 23)
  • Arabic
    توفر الدولة للمرأة جميع الفرص التي تتيح لها المساهمة الفعالة والكاملة في الحياة السياسية والإقتصادية والإجتماعية والثقافية، وتعمل على إزالة القيود التي تمنع تطورها ومشاركتها في بناء المجتمع. (المادة 23)

Political Rights and Association

Timor-Leste
  • English
    1. Every citizen has the right to participate in the political life and in the public affairs of the country, either directly or through democratically elected representatives.
    2. Every citizen has the right to establish and to participate in political parties.
    3. The establishment and organisation of political parties shall be regulated by law. (Sec. 46)
  • Tetum
    1. Sidadaun hotu-hotu iha direitu atu partisipa, hosi nia rasik eh liu hosi reprezentante ne’ebé hili tiha ona tuir demokrasia, ba vida polítika no ba asuntu públiku nian iha rai laran.
    2. Sidadaun hotu-hotu iha direitu atu halo no partisipa iha partidu polítiku sira.
    3. Konstituisaun no organizasaun ba partidu polítiku sira lei maka regula. (Art. 46)
  • Portuguese
    1. Todo o cidadão tem o direito de participar, por si ou através de representantes democraticamente eleitos, na vida política e nos assuntos públicos do país.
    2. Todo o cidadão tem o direito de constituir e de participar em partidos políticos.
    3. A constituição e a organização dos partidos políticos são reguladas por lei. (Art. 46)

Political Rights and Association

United Arab Emirates
  • English
    Freedom of assembly and establishing associations is guaranteed as provided in law. (Art. 33)
  • Arabic
    ﺣﺮﻳﺔ اﻻﺟﺘﻤ ﺎﻉ، وﺗﻜﻮﻳﻦ اﻟﺠﻤﻌ ﻴﺎﺕ، ﻣﻜﻔﻮﻟﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺪوﺩ اﻟﻘﺎ ﻧﻮﻥ. (المادّة 33)

Political Rights and Association

Afghanistan
  • English
    The citizens of Afghanistan shall have the right to elect and be elected. The conditions of exercising this right shall be regulated by law. (Art. 33)
  • Dari
    اتباع افغانستان حق انتخاب كردن و انتخاب شدن را دارا می باشند. شرایط و طرز استفاده از این حق توسط قانون تنظیم میگردد. (مادۀ ۳۳)
  • Pashto
    د افغانستان اتباع د انتخابولو او د انتخابېدلو حق لري. له دې حق څخه د گټي اخيستو شرايط او لارې د قانون له ليارې تنظيمېږي. (۳۳ ماده)

Political Rights and Association

Bangladesh
  • English
    …
    (2) Women shall have equal rights with men in all spheres of the State and of public life.
    … (Art. 28)
  • Bengali
    …
    (২) রাষ্ট্র ও গণজীবনের সর্বস্তরে নারী পুরুষের সমান অধিকার লাভ করিবেন।
    … (অনুচ্ছেদ ২৮)

Political Rights and Association

Iran, Islamic Republic of
  • English
    All citizens of the country, both men and women, equally enjoy the protection of the law and enjoy all human, political, economic, social, and cultural rights, in conformity with Islamic criteria. (Art. 20)
  • Persian
    همه افراد ملت اعم از زن و مرد یکسان در حمایت قانون قرار دارند و از همه حقوق انسانی، سیاسی، اقتصادی، اجتماعی و فرهنگی با رعایت موازین اسلام برخوردارند. (اصل 20)

Political Rights and Association

Cyprus
  • English
    1. Subject to paragraph 2 of this Article every citizen of the Republic who has attained the age of twenty-one years and has such residential qualifications as may be prescribed by the respective communal electoral law shall have the right to be registered as an elector in the respective communal electoral list:
    Provided that the members of the Greek Community shall only be registered in the Greek communal electoral list and the members of the Turkish Community shall only-be registered in the Turkish communal electoral list.
    2. No person shall be qualified to be registered as an elector who is disqualified for such registration by virtue of the respective communal electoral law. (Art. 94)
  • Greek
    Τηρουμένων των διατάξεων της δευτέρας παραγράφου του παρόντος άρθρου, πας πολίτης της Δημοκρατίας, έχων συμπληρώσει το εικοστόν πρώτον έτος της ηλικίας αυτού και έχων τα υπό του αντιστοίχου κοινοτικού εκλογικού νόμου καθοριζόμενα προσόντα διαμονής, δικαιούται να εγγραφεί ως εκλογεύς εις τον αντίστοιχον εκλογικόν κοινοτικόν κατάλογον.
    Τα μέλη της ελληνικής κοινότητος εγγράφονται μόνον εις τον ελληνικόν κοινοτικόν εκλογικόν κατάλογον και τα μέλη της τουρκικής κοινότητος εγγράφονται μόνον εις τον τουρκικόν κοινοτικόν εκλογικόν κατάλογον.
    Ουδείς δικαιούται να εγγραφεί εις τον κοινοτικόν εκλογικόν κατάλογον ως εκλογεύς, εφ’ όσον δεν κέκτηται τα υπό του αντιστοίχου κοινοτικού εκλογικού νόμου απαιτούμενα προς εγγραφήν προσόντα. (Αρθρον 94)
  • Turkish
    1. Bu Maddenin 2. fıkrası hükümleri saklı kalmak şartıyla, yirmi bir yaşını doldurmuş ve ilgili cemaat seçim kanununda gösterilen ikamet şartlarına sahip her Cumhuriyet vatandaşı, ilgili cemaat seçim listesine seçmen olarak kaydedilme hakkına sahiptir:
    Ancak, Rum Cemaati üyeleri yalnız Rum cemaat seçim listesine ve Türk Cemaati üyeleri yalnız Türk Cemaat seçim listesine kayıt edilebilir.
    2. İlgili cemaat seçim kanunu gereğince kayıt dışı bırakılan bir şahıs, seçmen olarak kaydedilme hakkına sahip değildir. (Madde 94)

Political Rights and Association

Korea, Republic of
  • English
    1. All citizens shall enjoy freedom of speech and the press, and freedom of assembly and association.
    … (Art. 21)
  • Korean
    ①모든 국민은 언론·출판의 자유와 집회·결사의 자유를 가진다.
    … (제21조)