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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
National level
- English
(1) The Chamber of Deputies is composed of 80 Deputies. They originate and are elected from the following categories:
(a) 53 Deputies elected from a fixed list of names of candidates proposed by political organisations or independent candidates elected by direct universal suffrage based on proportional representation;
(b) 24 women Deputies elected by specific electoral colleges in accordance with the national administrative entities;
(c) two Deputies elected by the National Youth Council;
(d) one Deputy elected by the National Council of Persons with Disabilities.
…
(3) At least 30% of Deputies must be women.
... (Art. 75) - Kinyarwanda
(1) Umutwe w’Abadepite ugizwe n’Abadepite 80. Baturuka kandi batorerwa mu byiciro bikurikira:
(a) Abadepite 53 batorerwa kuri lisiti y’amazina ndakuka y’abakandida batangwa n’imitwe ya politiki cyangwa biyamamaza ku giti cyabo. Batorwa mu matora rusange ataziguye ku buryo busaranganya imyanya;
(b) Abadepite 24 b’abagore batorwa n’inzego zihariye hakurikijwe inzego z’imitegekere y’Igihugu;
(c) Abadepite babiri batorwa n’Inama y’Igihugu y'Urubyiruko;
(d) Umudepite umwe utorwa n’Inama y’Igihugu y’Abantu bafite Ubumuga.
…
(3) Nibura 30% by’Abadepite bagomba kuba ari abagore.
... (Ingingo ya 75) - French
(1) La Chambre des Députés est composée de 80 Députés. Ils proviennent des catégories suivantes et sont élus dans les suivantes catégories:
(a) 53 Députés élus sur une liste bloquée des noms de candidats proposés par les formations politiques ou de candidats indépendants, élus au suffrage universel direct sur base de la représentation proportionnelle;
(b) 24 Députés de sexe féminin élus par des collèges électoraux spécifiques en fonction des entités administratives du pays;
(c) deux Députés élus par le Conseil national de la Jeunesse;
(d) un Député élu par le Conseil national des Personnes handicapées.
…
(3) Au moins 30% des Députés doivent être de sexe féminin.
... (Art. 75)
National level
- EnglishMembers of the House of Elders shall be elected and appointed as follows:
1. From amongst each provincial council members, one individual shall be elected by the respective council for a four year term;
2. From amongst district councils of each province, one individual, elected by the respective councils, for a three year term;
3. The remaining one third of the members shall be appointed by the President, for a five year term, from amongst experts and experienced personalities, including two members from amongst the impaired and handicapped, as well as two from nomads.
The President shall appoint 50 percent of these individuals from amongst women. The individual selected as a member of the House of Elders shall lose membership to the related Council, and, another individual shall be appointed in accordance with the provisions of the law. (Art. 84) - Dariاعضای مشرانو جرگه به ترتیب ذیل انتخاب و تعیین می شوند:
١- از جمله اعضای شورای هر ولایت، یك نفر به انتخاب شورای مربوط برای مدت چهار سال؛
٢- از جملۀ اعضای شورا های ولسوالیهای هر ولایت، یك نفر به انتخاب شوراهای مربوط برای مدت سه سال؛
٣- یك ثلث باقی مانده از جملۀ شخصیت های خبیر و با تجربه به شمول دو نفر از نمایندگان معلولین و معیوبین و دو نفر نمایندگان كوچی ها به تعیین رئیس جمهور برای مدت پنج سال.
رئیس جمهور تعداد پنجاه فیصد از این اشخاص را از بین زنان تعیین می نماید. شخصی كه به حیث عضو مشرانو جرگه انتخاب می شود، عضویت خود را در شورای مربوطه از دست داده، به عوض او شخص دیگری مطابق به احكام قانون تعیین میگردد. (مادۀ ۸۴) - Pashtoد مشرانو جرگې غړي په لاندې ډول انتخاب او ټاكل كېږي:
١- د هرې ولايتي جرگې له غړ يو څخه يوتن د مربوطې جرگې په انتخاب، د څلورو كلونو لپاره ؛
٢- د هر ولايت د ولسواليو د جرگو له غړيو څخه يو تن، د مربوطو جرگو په انتخاب، د دريو كلونو لپاره؛
٣- پاتې دريمه برخه غړي د معلولينو او معيوبينو د دوو تنو او كوچيانو د دوو تنو استازيو په گډون د هېواد له خبيرو او تجربه لرونكو كسانو څخه د پنځو كلونو لپاره د جمهور رئيس له خوا ټاكل كېږي.
جمهور رئيس له دې اشخاصو څخه په سلو كي پنځوس ښځې ټاكي. هغه شخص چې د مشرانو جرگې د غړي په توگه انتخابېږي په مربوطه جرگه كې خپل غړيتوب له لاسه وركوي او د ده پر ځاى د قانون له حكمونو سره سم بل شخص ټاكل كېږي. (۸۴ ماده)
National level
- English
(1) The House of Representatives shall consist of a total of two hundred and seventy five members, as follows :-
(a) One hundred and sixty-five members to be elected through the first past the post electoral system, with one being elected from each of one hundred and sixty-five election constituencies delimited in Nepal on the basis of population and geographical convenience and specificity;
(b) One hundred and ten members to be elected through the proportional electoral system where voters vote for political parties, with the whole country being considered as a single election constituency.
…
(8) Notwithstanding anything contained elsewhere in this Part, at least one third of the total number of members elected from each political party representing in the Federal Parliament shall be women. In case women are not so elected as to constitute one third of the elected members of any political party pursuant to subclause (a) of clause (1) and sub-clause (a) of clause (2) of Article 86, such political party must, in electing members under sub-clause (b) of clause (1), so elect that women members constitute at least one third of the total number of members elected to the Federal Parliament from that party.
… (Art. 84) - Nepali
(१) प्रमिमनमध सभामा देिाय बमोजजमका दईु सय पचित्तर सदस्य रिनेछनः–
(क) नेपाललाई भूगोल र जनसंख्याको आधारमा एक सय पैंसठ्ठी निर्वाचन क्षेत्र कायम गरी प्रत्येक निर्वाचन क्षेत्रबाट एकजना रहने गरी पहिलो हुने निर्वाचित हुने निर्वाचन प्रणाली बमोजिम निर्वाचित हुने एक सय पैंसठ्ठी सदस्य,
(ख) सम्पूर्ण देशलाई एक निर्वाचन क्षेत्र मानी राजनीतिक दललाई मत दिने समानुपातिक निर्वाचन प्रणाली बमोजिम निर्वाचित हुने एक सय दश सदस्य ।
...
(८) यस भागमा अन्यत्र जुनसुकै कुरा लेखिएको भए तापनि संघीय संसदमा प्रतिनिधित्व गर्ने प्रत्येक राजनीतिक दलबाट निर्वाचित कुल सदस्य संख्याको कम्तीमा एक तिहाइ सदस्य महिला हुनु पर्नेछ । त्यसरी निर्वाचित गर्दा उपधारा (१) को खण्ड (क) र धारा ८६ को उपधारा (२) को खण्ड (क) बमोजिम निर्वाचित सदस्यहरू मध्ये कुनै राजनीतिक दलको एक तिहाइ सदस्य महिला निर्वाचित हुन नसकेमा त्यस्तो राजनीतिक दलले उपधारा (१) को खण्ड (ख) बमोजिम सदस्य निर्वाचित गर्दा आफ्नो दलबाट संघीय संसदमा निर्वाचित हुने कुल सदस्यको कम्तीमा एक तिहाइ महिला सदस्य हुने गरी निर्वाचित गर्नु पर्नेछ ।
... (धारा ८४)
National level
- EnglishThe Senate is composed of:
1) Two delegates from each province, elected by an electoral college composed of members of the Communal Councils of the considered province, originating from different ethnic communities and elected by distinct ballots;
2) Three persons originating from the Twa ethnicity;
A minimum of 30% of women is assured. The electoral law determines the practical modalities of it, with co-optation the case arising. (Art. 185) - KirundiAbagize Inama nkenguzamateka ni aba:
1° abantu babiri baserukira intara imwe imwe batowe n’abaserukira abandi mu makomine agize iyo ntara bo mu moko adasa kandi badatorewe ku rutonde rumwe;
2° abantu batatu bo mu bwoko bw’abatwa;
Mu bagize Inama Nkenguzamateka hategerezwa kubamwo n’imiburiburi ibice 30% vy’abagore. Ibwirizwa rigenga amatora rirerekana ingene bigenda mukubishira mu ngiro bikenewe hakongerwako kugira ibitigiri bikwire. (Ingingo ya 185) - FrenchLe Sénat est composé de :
1° Deux délégués de chaque province, élus par un collège électoral composé de membres des Conseils communaux de la province considérée, provenant de communautés ethniques différentes et élus par des scrutins distincts;
2° Trois personnes issues de l’ethnie Twa;
Il est assuré un minimum de 30% de femmes. La loi électorale en détermine les modalités pratiques, avec cooptation le cas échéant. (Art. 185)
National level
- English(1) Subject to the other provisions of this Article, there shall be the following categories of Members of Parliament, that is to say:-
(a) members elected to represent constituencies;
(b) women members being not less than thirty percentum of all the members mentioned in paragraphs (a), (c), (d), (e) and (f) with qualifications mentioned in Article 67 elected by the political parties in accordance with Article 78, on the basis of proportion of votes;
(c) five members elected by the House of Representatives from among its members;
(d) the Attorney General;
(e) not more than ten members appointed by the President from amongst persons with qualifications specified under paragraphs (a) and (c) of subarticle (1) of Article 67 and, at least five members amongst them shall be women; and
(f) the Speaker, if he is not elected from amongst the members.
… (Art. 66)
National level
- English(1) The Senate shall consist of [ninety-six] members, of whom,-
(a) fourteen shall be elected by the members of each Provincial Assembly;
…
(c) two on general seats, and one woman and one technocrat including aalim shall be elected from the Federal Capital in such manner as the President may, by Order, prescribe;
(d) four women shall be elected by the members of each Provincial Assembly;
(e) four technocrats including ulema shall be elected by the members of each Provincial Assembly; and
(f) four non-Muslims, one from each Province, shall be elected by the members of each Provincial Assembly:
Provided that paragraph (f) shall be effective from the next Senate election after the commencement of the Constitution (Eighteenth Amendment) Act, 2010.
(2) Election to fill seats in the Senate allocated to each Province shall be held in accordance with the system of proportional representation by means of the single transferable vote.
(3) The Senate shall not be subject to dissolution but the term of its members, who shall retire as follows, shall be six years:-
(a) of the members referred to in paragraph (a) of clause (1), seven shall retire after the expiration of the first three years and seven shall retire after the expiration of the next three years;
…
(c) of the members referred to in paragraph (c) of the aforesaid clause,-
(i) one elected on general seat shall retire after the expiration of the first three years and the other one shall retire after the expiration of the next three years; and
(ii) one elected on the seat reserved for technocrat shall retire after first three years and the one elected on the seat reserved for women shall retire after the expiration of the next three years;
(d) of the members referred to in paragraph (d) of the aforesaid clause, two shall retire after the expiration of the first three years and two shall retire after the expiration of the next three years;
(e) of the members referred to in paragraph (e) of the aforesaid clause, two shall retire after the expiration of the first three years and two shall retire after the expiration of the next three years; and
(f) of the members referred to in paragraph (f) of the aforesaid clause, two shall retire after the expiration of first three years and two shall retire after the expiration of next three years:
Provided that the Election Commission for the first term of seats for non-Muslims shall draw a lot as to which two members shall retire after the first three years.
… (Art. 59) - Urdu(۱) سینٹ چھیانوے ارکان پر مشتمل ہوگی جن میں سے،-
(الف) چودہ ہر ایک صوبائ اسمبلی کے ارکان منتخب کریں گے؛
…
(ج) دو عام نشستوں پر اور ایک ٹیکنوکریٹ بشمول عالم وفاقی دارالحکومت سے ایسے طریقے سے منتخب کئے جائیں گے جو صدر فرمان کے ذریعے مقرر کرے؛
(د) چار خواتین ہر ایک صوبائ اسمبلی کے ارکان منتخب کریں گے؛
(ہ) چار ٹیکنوکریٹ بشمول علماء ہر ایک صوبائ اسمبلی کے ارکان منتخب کریں گے؛ اور
(و) چار غیر مسلم، ہر صوبے سے ایک، ہر ایک صوبائ اسمبلی کے ارکان منتخب کریں گے:
مگر شرط یہ ہے کہ پیرا (و) دستور (اٹھارویں ترمیم) ایکٹ ۲۰۱۰ء کے آغاز نفاذ کے بعد سینٹ کے اگلے الیکشن سے مؤثر ہوگا۔
(۲) سینیٹ میں ہر صوبے کے لئے متعین نشستوں کو پٌر کرنے کے لئے انتخاب، واحد قابل انتقال ووٹ کے ذریعے تناسب نمائندگی کے نظام کے مطابق منعقد کیا جائے گا۔
(۳) سینٹ تحلیل کے تابع نہیں ہوگی لیکن اس کے ارکان کا میعاد جو بحسب ذیل سبکدوش ہوں گے چھ سال ہوگی:-
(الف) شق (ا) کے پیرا (الف) میں محولہ ارکان میں سے، سات پہلے تین سال کے اختتام کے بعد سبکدوش ہو جائیں گے اور سات اگلے تین سال کے اختتام کے بعد سبکدوش ہو جائیں گے؛
…
(ج) مذکورہ بالاشق کے پیرا (ج) میں محولہ ارکان میں سے،-
(اوّل) عام نشست پر منتخب ہونے والا ایک رکن پہلے تین سال کے اختتام کے بعد سبکدوش ہو جائے گا اور دوسرا اگلے تین سال کے اختتام کے بعد سبکدوش ہو جائے کا؛ اور
(دوم) ٹیکنوکریٹ کے لیے مغصوص نشست پر منتغب ہونے والا ایک رکن پہلے تین سال کے اختتام کے بعد سبکدوش ہو جائے گا اور خواتین کے لئے مخصوص نشست پر منتخب ہونے والی ایک رکن اگلے تین سال کے اختتام پرسبکدوش ہو جائے گی؛
(د) مذکورہ بالاشق کے پیرا (د) میں محولہ ارکان میں سے، دو پہلے تین سال کے اختتام پر سبکدوش ہو جائیں گے اور دو اگلے تین سال کے اختتام پر سبکدوش ہو جائیں گے؛
(ہ) مذکورہ بالاشق کے پیرا (ہ) میں محولہ ارکان میں سے، دو پہلے تین سال کے اختتام پر سبکدوش ہو جائیں گے اور دو اگلے تین سال کے اختتام کے بعد سبکدوش ہو جائیں گے؛ اور
(و) مذکورہ بالاشق کے پیرا (و) میں محولہ ارکان میں سے دو پہلے تین سال کے اختتام پر سبکدوش ہو جائیں گے اور دو اگلے تین سال کے اختتام پر سبکدوش ہو جائیں گے:
مگر شرط یہ ہے کہ الیکشن کمیشن غیر مسلموں کی نشستوں کی پہلی میعاد کے لیے قرعہ اندازی کرے گا کہ کون سے دہ ارکان پہلے تین سال کے بعد سبکدوش ہو جائیں گے۔
... (آرٹیکل ۵۹)
National level
- English(1) Subject to the provisions of this Constitution, the House of Assembly shall consist of not more than seventy-six members composed as follows –
(a) not more than sixty members elected from tinkhundla areas serving as constituencies;
(b) not more than ten members nominated by the King acting in his discretion after consultation with such bodies as the King may deem appropriate;
(c) four female members specially elected from the four Regions subject to subsection (3);
(d) the Attorney-General who shall be an ex officio member.
(2) The nominated members of the House shall be appointed by the King −
(a) so that at least half of them are female; and
(b) so as to represent interests, including marginalized groups, not already adequately represented in the House.
(3) The members elected on a regional basis, under subsection (1)(c), shall continue to be so elected, whenever the provisions of section 86 (1) are true, in terms of the following paragraphs −
(a) at the instance of the Chairman of the Elections and Boundaries Commission, the elected members from each Region shall on their first meeting nominate not less than three and not more than five women from each Region qualified to be members of Parliament;
(b) the list of nominated candidates shall be published in at least two local newspapers and the electronic media on at least three consecutive days; and
(c) after ten days from the date of last publication the House shall meet to vote for one woman from each of the Regions, taking into consideration any relevant in-put in terms of paragraph (b). (Sec. 95)11
National level
- English1. The President may nominate a person referred to in Article 68 (2) (b) where the President considers it necessary to enhance the representation of special interests, skills or gender in the National Assembly.
… (Art. 69)
National level
- English
(1) An Act of Parliament must provide for the conduct of elections and referendums to which this Constitution applies, and in particular for the following matters—
…
(d) a system of proportional representation for the election of persons to the seats in the Senate referred to in section 120(1)(a) and the seats reserved for women in the National Assembly referred to in section 124(1)(b), and the procedure for filling vacancies in those seats, which vacancies must be filled by persons—
(i) belonging to the same political parties as those who previously held the seats; and
(ii) of the same gender as the persons who previously held the seats;
…
(2) The system of proportional representation provided for in terms of subsection (1)(d) must ensure equal representation of women among the Senators referred to in section 120(1)(a).
… (Sec. 157)
National level
- English(1) Subject to this section, the Parliament is a single-chamber legislature, consisting of-
(a) a number of members elected from single-member open electorates; and
(b) a number of members elected from single-member provincial electorates; and
(c) not more than three nominated members, appointed and holding office in accordance with Section 102 (nominated members); and
(d) a number of women elected from a single-member women's electorates as defined under an Organic Law.
… (Sec. 101)