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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
National level
- English(1) The Senate shall consist of [ninety-six] members, of whom,-
(a) fourteen shall be elected by the members of each Provincial Assembly;
…
(c) two on general seats, and one woman and one technocrat including aalim shall be elected from the Federal Capital in such manner as the President may, by Order, prescribe;
(d) four women shall be elected by the members of each Provincial Assembly;
(e) four technocrats including ulema shall be elected by the members of each Provincial Assembly; and
(f) four non-Muslims, one from each Province, shall be elected by the members of each Provincial Assembly:
Provided that paragraph (f) shall be effective from the next Senate election after the commencement of the Constitution (Eighteenth Amendment) Act, 2010.
(2) Election to fill seats in the Senate allocated to each Province shall be held in accordance with the system of proportional representation by means of the single transferable vote.
(3) The Senate shall not be subject to dissolution but the term of its members, who shall retire as follows, shall be six years:-
(a) of the members referred to in paragraph (a) of clause (1), seven shall retire after the expiration of the first three years and seven shall retire after the expiration of the next three years;
…
(c) of the members referred to in paragraph (c) of the aforesaid clause,-
(i) one elected on general seat shall retire after the expiration of the first three years and the other one shall retire after the expiration of the next three years; and
(ii) one elected on the seat reserved for technocrat shall retire after first three years and the one elected on the seat reserved for women shall retire after the expiration of the next three years;
(d) of the members referred to in paragraph (d) of the aforesaid clause, two shall retire after the expiration of the first three years and two shall retire after the expiration of the next three years;
(e) of the members referred to in paragraph (e) of the aforesaid clause, two shall retire after the expiration of the first three years and two shall retire after the expiration of the next three years; and
(f) of the members referred to in paragraph (f) of the aforesaid clause, two shall retire after the expiration of first three years and two shall retire after the expiration of next three years:
Provided that the Election Commission for the first term of seats for non-Muslims shall draw a lot as to which two members shall retire after the first three years.
… (Art. 59) - Urdu(۱) سینٹ چھیانوے ارکان پر مشتمل ہوگی جن میں سے،-
(الف) چودہ ہر ایک صوبائ اسمبلی کے ارکان منتخب کریں گے؛
…
(ج) دو عام نشستوں پر اور ایک ٹیکنوکریٹ بشمول عالم وفاقی دارالحکومت سے ایسے طریقے سے منتخب کئے جائیں گے جو صدر فرمان کے ذریعے مقرر کرے؛
(د) چار خواتین ہر ایک صوبائ اسمبلی کے ارکان منتخب کریں گے؛
(ہ) چار ٹیکنوکریٹ بشمول علماء ہر ایک صوبائ اسمبلی کے ارکان منتخب کریں گے؛ اور
(و) چار غیر مسلم، ہر صوبے سے ایک، ہر ایک صوبائ اسمبلی کے ارکان منتخب کریں گے:
مگر شرط یہ ہے کہ پیرا (و) دستور (اٹھارویں ترمیم) ایکٹ ۲۰۱۰ء کے آغاز نفاذ کے بعد سینٹ کے اگلے الیکشن سے مؤثر ہوگا۔
(۲) سینیٹ میں ہر صوبے کے لئے متعین نشستوں کو پٌر کرنے کے لئے انتخاب، واحد قابل انتقال ووٹ کے ذریعے تناسب نمائندگی کے نظام کے مطابق منعقد کیا جائے گا۔
(۳) سینٹ تحلیل کے تابع نہیں ہوگی لیکن اس کے ارکان کا میعاد جو بحسب ذیل سبکدوش ہوں گے چھ سال ہوگی:-
(الف) شق (ا) کے پیرا (الف) میں محولہ ارکان میں سے، سات پہلے تین سال کے اختتام کے بعد سبکدوش ہو جائیں گے اور سات اگلے تین سال کے اختتام کے بعد سبکدوش ہو جائیں گے؛
…
(ج) مذکورہ بالاشق کے پیرا (ج) میں محولہ ارکان میں سے،-
(اوّل) عام نشست پر منتخب ہونے والا ایک رکن پہلے تین سال کے اختتام کے بعد سبکدوش ہو جائے گا اور دوسرا اگلے تین سال کے اختتام کے بعد سبکدوش ہو جائے کا؛ اور
(دوم) ٹیکنوکریٹ کے لیے مغصوص نشست پر منتغب ہونے والا ایک رکن پہلے تین سال کے اختتام کے بعد سبکدوش ہو جائے گا اور خواتین کے لئے مخصوص نشست پر منتخب ہونے والی ایک رکن اگلے تین سال کے اختتام پرسبکدوش ہو جائے گی؛
(د) مذکورہ بالاشق کے پیرا (د) میں محولہ ارکان میں سے، دو پہلے تین سال کے اختتام پر سبکدوش ہو جائیں گے اور دو اگلے تین سال کے اختتام پر سبکدوش ہو جائیں گے؛
(ہ) مذکورہ بالاشق کے پیرا (ہ) میں محولہ ارکان میں سے، دو پہلے تین سال کے اختتام پر سبکدوش ہو جائیں گے اور دو اگلے تین سال کے اختتام کے بعد سبکدوش ہو جائیں گے؛ اور
(و) مذکورہ بالاشق کے پیرا (و) میں محولہ ارکان میں سے دو پہلے تین سال کے اختتام پر سبکدوش ہو جائیں گے اور دو اگلے تین سال کے اختتام پر سبکدوش ہو جائیں گے:
مگر شرط یہ ہے کہ الیکشن کمیشن غیر مسلموں کی نشستوں کی پہلی میعاد کے لیے قرعہ اندازی کرے گا کہ کون سے دہ ارکان پہلے تین سال کے بعد سبکدوش ہو جائیں گے۔
... (آرٹیکل ۵۹)
Subnational levels
- English
(1) There shall be a Chairperson of Rural Municipal Executive in each Rural Municipality. The Rural Municipal Executive shall be formed under his or her chairpersonship.
(2) The Rural Municipal Executive referred to in clause (1) shall consist of one Vice-Chairperson, Ward Chairperson elected from each Ward and members elected pursuant to clause (4).
(3) The Chairperson and the Vice-Chairperson shall be elected by the voters residing within the concerned Rural Municipality area by secret ballots on the basis of one person one vote, in accordance with the first past the post electoral system.
Explanation: For the purposes of this Article, "Chairperson" and "Vice-Chairperson" mean the Chairperson and the Vice-Chairperson of the Rural Municipal Executive.
(4) The members of the Rural Municipal Executive shall also include four women members elected by the members of the Rural Municipal Assembly from amongst themselves and two members elected by the Rural Municipal Assembly from the Dalit or minority communities, having possessed the qualifications referred to in clause (5), within fifteen days after receipt of the final results of the election to the Rural Municipal Assembly referred to in Article 222.
… (Art. 215) - Nepali
(१) प्रत्येक गाउँपालिकामा एक जना गाउँ कार्यपालिका अध्यक्ष रहनेछ । निजको अध्यक्षतामा गाउँ कार्यपालिका गठन हुनेछ ।
(२) उपधारा (१) बमोजिमको गाउँ कार्यपालिकामा एक जना उपाध्यक्ष, प्रत्येक वडाबाट निर्वाचित वडा अध्यक्ष र उपधारा (४) बमोजिम निर्वाचित सदस्य रहनेछन् ।
(३) अध्यक्ष र उपाध्यक्षको निर्वाचन सम्बन्धित गाउँपालिका क्षेत्रभित्रका मतदाताले एक व्यक्ति एक मतको आधारमा गोप्य मतदानद्वारा पहिलो हुने निर्वाचित हुने निर्वाचन प्रणाली बमोजिम गर्नेछन् ।
स्पष्टीकरणः यस धाराको प्रयोजनका लागि “अध्यक्ष र उपाध्यक्ष” भन्नाले गाउँ कार्यपालिकाको अध्यक्ष र उपाध्यक्ष सम्झनु पर्छ ।
(४) धारा २२२ बमोजिमको गाउँ सभाको निर्वाचनको अन्तिम परिणाम प्राप्त भएको मितिले पन्ध्र दिनभित्र गाउँ सभाका सदस्यहरूले आफूमध्येबाट निर्वाचित गरेका चार जना महिला सदस्य र उपधारा (५) बमोजिमको योग्यता भएका दलित वा अल्पसंख्यक समुदायबाट गाउँ सभाले निर्वाचित गरेका दुई जना सदस्य समेत गाउँ कार्यपालिकाको सदस्य हुनेछन् ।
... (धारा २१५)
Subnational levels
- EnglishA county assembly consists of—
(a) members elected by the registered voters of the wards, each ward constituting a single member constituency, on the same day as a general election of Members of Parliament, being the second Tuesday in August, in every fifth year;
(b) the number of special seat members necessary to ensure that no more than two-thirds of the membership of the assembly are of the same gender;
… (Art. 177) - SwahiliBunge la kaunti linaundwa na -
(a) wajumbe waliochaguliwa na wapiga kura waliosajiliwa wa kata, kila kata inaunda jimbo moja la uchaguzi, katika siku iyo hiyo ya uchaguzi mkuu wa Wabunge, itakuwa Jumanne ya pili ya mwezi Agosti, kila baada ya miaka mitano;
(b) idadi ya wajumbe wa viti maalumu ambayo ni ya lazima ili kuhakikisha kwamba si zaidi ya theluthi mbili ya wajumbe wa bunge hilo wanakuwa wa jinsia moja;
… (Kifungu cha 177)
Subnational levels
- English1. The composition of regional assembly shall be prescribed by Act of Parliament and shall consist of-
a. directly elected representatives elected on the basis of universal adult suffrage at elections conducted by the Electoral Commission;
b. representatives of women, who shall not be less than one-third of the membership;
c. representatives of the youth and persons with disabilities;
d. representatives of indigenous cultural interests in areas where there is a traditional or cultural leader, nominated by the traditional or cultural leader but not exceeding fifteen percent of the members of the regional assembly; and
e. district chairpersons in the region who shall be ex-officio members with no right to vote.
… (Fifth Schedule: Regional governments, Art. 2)
Subnational levels
- English...
I. Each municipality will be governed by an Ayuntamiento [Local or Town Council] of direct popular election, composed of a Municipal President [masculine] [Presidente Municipal] or a Municipal President [feminine] and the number of offices of the regidores [aldermen] and offices of the síndicos [trustees] that the law determines, in accordance with the principle of parity [of gender].
... (Art. 115) - Spanish...
I. Cada Municipio será gobernado por un Ayuntamiento de elección popular directa, integrado por un Presidente o Presidenta Municipal y el número de regidurías y sindicaturas que la ley determine, de conformidad con el principio de paridad.
… (Art. 115)
Subnational levels
- English
(1) The members of the Provincial Assembly shall, within fifteen days of the date of holding of the first meeting of the Provincial Assembly, elect a Speaker of Province and a Deputy Speaker of Province from amongst themselves.
(2) Election pursuant to clause (1) shall be so held that there is one woman out of the Speaker of Province and the Deputy Speaker of Province, and the Speaker of Province and the Deputy Speaker of Province shall be representatives from different parties.
… (Art. 182) - Nepali
(१) प्रदेश सभाको पहिलो बैठक प्रारम्भ भएको मितिले पन्ध्र दिनभित्र प्रदेश सभाका सदस्यहरूले आफूमध्येबाट प्रदेश सभामुख र प्रदेश उपसभामुखको निर्वाचन गर्नेछन् ।
(२) उपधारा (१) बमोजिम निर्वाचन गर्दा प्रदेश सभामुख वा प्रदेश उपसभामुख मध्ये एक जना महिला हुने गरी गर्नु पर्नेछ र प्रदेश सभामुख वा प्रदेश उपसभामुख फरक फरक दलको प्रतिनिधि हुनु पर्नेछ ।
... (धारा १८२)
Subnational levels
- EnglishCounty governments established under this Constitution shall reflect the following principles
…
(c) no more than two-thirds of the members of representative bodies in each county government shall be of the same gender. (Art. 175) - SwahiliSerikali za kaunti zilizoanzishwa chini ya Katiba hii zitaongozwa na kanuni zifuatazo
…
(c) hakuna zaidi ya theluthi mbili ya wajumbe wa vyombo vya wawakilishi katika kila serikali ya kaunti watakuwa wa jinsia moja. (Kifungu cha 175)
Subnational levels
- English(1) Each Municipality shall have a Municipal Assembly.
(2) A Municipal Assembly under clause (1) shall consist of the Mayor and the Deputy Mayor of the Municipal Executive, Ward Chairpersons, and four members elected from each Ward and members of the Municipal Executive elected from Dalit or minority communities pursuant to clause (4) of Article 216.
(3) A Municipal Assembly to be formed under clause (1) shall have representation of at least two women from each Ward.
… (Art. 223) - Nepali(१) प्रत्येक नगरपालिकामा एक नगर सभा रहनेछ ।
(२) उपधारा (१) बमोजिमको नगर सभामा नगरकार्यपालिकाका प्रमुख र उपप्रमुख, वडा अध्यक्ष र प्रत्येक वडाबाट निर्वाचित चारजना सदस्य र धारा २१६ को उपधारा (४) बमोजिम दलित वा अल्पसंख्यक समुदायबाट निर्वाचित नगर कार्यपालिकाका सदस्य रहनेछन् ।
(३) उपधारा (१) बमोजिम गठन हुने नगर सभामा प्रत्येक वडाबाट कम्तीमा दुईजना महिलाको प्रतिनिधित्व हुनेछ ।
... (धारा २२३)
Subnational levels
- English…
(2) The Electoral Law must make provision, consistent with this Chapter11, for the filling of vacancies in the seats of the members of provincial councils referred to in section 268(1)(f) and in the offices of chairpersons of provincial councils, which vacancies must be filled—
(a) by persons belonging to the same political parties as those who previously held the seats or offices; and
(b) except in the case of chairpersons, by a person of the same gender as the persons who previously held the seats. (Sec. 273)
Subnational levels
- English…
(6) When a seat reserved for women or non-Muslims in the National Assembly or a Provincial Assembly falls vacant, on account of death, resignation or disqualification of a member, it shall be filled by the next person in order of precedence from the party list of the candidates to be submitted to the Election Commission by the political party whose member has vacated such seat.
Provided that if at any time the party list is exhausted, the concerned political party may submit a name for any vacancy which may occur thereafter. (Art. 224) - Urdu…
(۶) جب قومی اسمبلی یا کسی صوبائی اسمبلی میں خواتین اور غیر مسلموں کے لئے ممختص نشست, موت کی وجہ سے، استعفی یا رکن کی نا اہلیت کی بناء پر خالی ہو گئ ہو، تو اسے اس سیاسی جماعت جس کے رکن کی موت کی وجہ سےوہ نشست خالی ہو ئی ، کی جانب سے الیکشن کمیشن کو امیدواران کی داخل کردہ جماعتی فہرست میں سے بلحاظ مقدم ترین شخص سے پر کی جائے گی؛
مگر شرط یہ ہے کہ اگر کسی بھی وقت پر جماعتی فہرست ختم ہو جائے تو، متعلقہ سیاسی جماعت کسی آسامی کے لئے نام پیش کرے گی جو کہ اس کے بعد آئے۔ (آرٹیکل ۲۲۴)