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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
Head of State
- English
The President of the Republic is elected for a mandate of five years in the course of the last three months of the presidential mandate by universal, free, direct and secret suffrage, by an absolute majority of the votes cast.
… (Art. 90) - Arabic
يُنتخب رئيس الجمهوريّة لمدّة خمسة أعوام انتخابا عامّا حرّا مباشرا سرّيا خلال الأشهر الثّلاثة الأخيرة من المدّة الرّئاسيّة وبالأغلبيّة المطلقة للأصوات المصرّح بها.
... (الفصل 90) - French
Le Président de la République est élu pour un mandat de cinq ans au cours des trois derniers mois du mandat présidentiel au suffrage universel, libre, direct et secret, à la majorité absolue des voix exprimées.
... (Art. 90)
Head of State
- English
A citizen of the Republic of Belarus by birth, not younger than 40 years of age, who is eligible to vote, has been permanently resident in the Republic of Belarus for at least 20 years immediately prior to the election, and who has not previously held a foreign citizenship or residence permit or other document of a foreign state entitling him to privileges and other advantages may be elected President. (Art. 80)
- Belarusian
Прэзідэнтам можа быць выбраны грамадзянін Рэспублікі Беларусь па нараджэнні, не маладзейшы за 40 гадоў, які валодае выбарчым правам, пастаянна пражывае ў Рэспубліцы Беларусь не менш за 20 гадоў непасрэдна перад выбарамі, не мае і не меў раней грамадзянства замежнай дзяржавы або віда на жыхарства ці іншага дакумента замежнай дзяржавы, што дае права на льготы і іншыя перавагі. (Артыкул 80)
- Russian
Президентом может быть избран гражданин Республики Беларусь по рождению, не моложе 40 лет, обладающий избирательным правом, постоянно проживающий в Республике Беларусь не менее 20 лет непосредственно перед выборами, не имеющий и не имевший ранее гражданства иностранного государства либо вида на жительство или иного документа иностранного государства, дающего право на льготы и другие преимущества. (Статья 80)
Head of State
- EnglishThe State is headed by a President. (Basic Law: The President of the State (1964), Sec. 1)
- Hebrewבראש המדינה עומד נשיא. (חוק יסוד: נשיא המדינה (1964), סעיף 1)
Head of State
- EnglishThe government and the administration of the State correspond to the President of the Republic, who is the Head of State.
… (Art. 24) - SpanishEl gobierno y la administración del Estado corresponden al Presidente de la República, quien es el Jefe del Estado.
… (Art. 24)
Head of State
- English1. The President of the Republic of Poland shall be the supreme representative of the Republic of Poland and the guarantor of the continuity of State authority.
2. The President of the Republic shall ensure observance of the Constitution,
… (Art. 126) - Polish1. Prezydent Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej jest najwyższym przedstawicielem Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej i gwarantem ciągłości władzy państwowej.
2. Prezydent Rzeczypospolitej czuwa nad przestrzeganiem Konstytucji,
… (Art. 126)
Head of State
- English
The President of the Republic is elected by universal, direct and secret suffrage.
Election is acquired with an absolute majority of the suffrage expressed.
The modalities for the application of the provisions of this Article are established by an organic law. (Art. 85) - Arabic
يُنتخَب رئيس الجمهوريّة عن طريق الاقتراع العام المباشر والسرّي.
يتمّ الفوز في الانتخاب بالحصول على الأغلبيّة المطلقة من أصوات النّاخبين المعبّر عنها.
يحدّد قانون عضوي كيفيّات تطبيق أحكام هذه المادة. (المادة 85) - French
Le Président de la République est élu au suffrage universel direct et secret.
L’élection est acquise à la majorité absolue des suffrages exprimés.
Les modalités d’application des dispositions du présent article sont fixées par une loi organique. (Art. 85)
Head of State
- English1. There shall be a President of the Republic who shall be the Head of State and Government and Commander-in-Chief of the Defence Force.
2. The executive authority of the State vests in the President and, subject to this Constitution, shall be exercised directly by the President or through public officers or other persons appointed by the President.
3. The President shall, in exercise of the executive authority of the State—
a. respect, uphold and safeguard this Constitution;
...
e. promote and protect the rights and freedoms of a person; and
f. uphold the rule of law. (Art. 91)
Head of State
- EnglishThe Throne of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan is hereditary to the dynasty of King Abdullah Bin Al-Hussein in a direct line through the male heirs pursuant to the following provisions:
a. The Royal title shall pass from the holder of the Throne to his eldest son, then to the eldest son of that eldest son, and in linear succession in a similar process thereafter. Should the eldest son die before the Throne devolves upon him, his eldest son shall inherit the Throne, even if the deceased has brothers. The King may, however, select one of his brothers as heir apparent. In this event, the title to the Throne shall pass to him from the holder of the Throne.
b. If the person entitled to the Throne does not have a male heir, it shall pass to his eldest brother. If he has no brothers, to the eldest son of his eldest brother. If his eldest brother has no son, to the eldest son of his other brothers according to the seniority in age of the brothers.
c. In the absence of brothers and nephews, the title to the Throne shall pass to the uncles and their descendants, in the order prescribed in Paragraph (b).
d. Should the last King die without an heir in the manner prescribed above, the Throne shall devolve upon the person selected by the Parliament from amongst the descendants of the founder of the Arab Renaissance, the late King Hussein Bin Ali.
e. It is a condition for the person who shall ascend the Throne to be a Muslim, mentally sound, born by a legitimate wife, and of Muslim parents.
… (Art. 28) - Arabicعرش المملكة الأردنيـة الهاشمية وراثي في أسرة الملك عبدالله بن الحسين ، وتكون وراثة العرش في الذكور من أولاد الظهور وفق الأحكام التالية:
أ. تنتقل ولاية الملك من صاحب العرش إلى اكبر أبنائه سنّاً ثم إلى أكبر أبناء ذلك الإبن الأكبر ، وهكذا طبقة بعد طبقة، وإذا توفي أكبر الأبناء قبل أن ينتقل إليه الملك كانت الولاية إلى أكبر أبنائه ولو كان للمتوفي إخوة، على أنه يجوز للملك أن يختار أحد إخوته الذكور ولياً للعهد وفي هذه الحالة تنتقل ولاية الملك من صاحب العرش إليه.
ب. إذا لم يكن لمن له ولاية الملك عقب تنتقل إلى أكبر إخوته وإذا لم يكن له إخوة فإلى أكبر أبناء أكبر إخوته فإن لم يكن لأكبر اخوته إبن فإلى أكبر أبناء إخوته الآخرين بحسب ترتيب سن الأخوة.
ج. في حالة فقدان الأخوة وأبناء الأخوة تنتقل ولاية الملك إلى الأعمام وذريتهم على الترتيب المعين في الفقرة (ب).
د. وإذا توفي آخر ملك بدون وارث على نحو ما ذكر يرجع الملك إلى من يختاره مجلس الأمة من سلالة مؤسس النهضة العربية المغفور له الملك حسين بن علي.
ه. يشترط فيمن يتولى الملك أن يكون مسلماً عاقلاً مولوداً من زوجة شرعية ومن أبوين مسلمين.
… (المادّة 28)
Head of State
- EnglishThe President of the Republic is elected by the simple majority of the suffrage expressed. (Art. 71)
- FrenchLe Président de la République est élu à la majorité simple des suffrages exprimés. (Art. 71)
Head of State
- English(1) The President of Romania shall be elected by universal, equal, direct, secret and free suffrage.
… (Art. 81) - Romanian(1) Preşedintele României este ales prin vot universal, egal, direct, secret şi liber exprimat.
... (Art. 81)