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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
Head of State
- EnglishThe form of government for this Kingdom is a Constitutional Monarchy under His Majesty King George Tupou V and his successors. (Clause 30)
- TonganKo e anga ‘o e fai ‘a e Pule ‘o e Fonua ni ko e Pule‘anga Tu‘i Faka-Konisitutone ‘I he malumalu ‘o ‘Ene ‘Afio ko e Tu‘i ko Tupou VI mo kinautolu ‘e hoko kiate ia. (Kupu 30)
Head of State
- English…
4. … The elections of the deputies of the Jogorku Kenesh, the President as well as the deputies of representative local self-governance bodies shall be conducted on the basis of universal equal and direct suffrage by secret ballot. … (Art. 2) - Russian…
4) … Выборы депутатов Жогорку Кенеша, Президента, депутатов представительных органов местного самоуправления проводятся на основе всеобщего равного и прямого избирательного права при тайном голосовании. … (Статья 2) - Kyrgyz…
4. … Жогорку Кеңештин депутаттарын, Президентти, жергиликтүү өз алдынча башкаруунун өкүлчүлүктүү органдарынын депутаттарын шайлоо жалпы , тең жана түз шайлоо укугунун негизинде жашыруун добуш берүү менен өткөрүлөт. … (2-берене)
Head of State
- English(1) No person shall be elected as President unless he is qualified for election in accordance with the provisions of this Constitution.
(2) A person shall be qualified to be elected as President if he —
(a) is a citizen of Singapore;
(b) is not less than 45 years of age;
(c) possesses the qualifications specified in Article 44 (2) (c) and (d);
(d) is not subject to any of the disqualifications specified in Article 45;
(e) satisfies the Presidential Elections Committee that he is a person of integrity, good character and reputation;
(f) is not a member of any political party on the date of his nomination for election; and
(g) satisfies the Presidential Elections Committee that —
(i) he has, at the date of the writ of election, met either the public sector service requirement in clause (3) or the private sector service requirement in clause (4); and
(ii) the period of service counted for the purposes of clause (3)(a), (b) or (c)(i) or (4)(a)(i) or (b)(i) or each of the 2 periods of service counted for the purposes of clause (3)(d) or (4)(c), as the case may be, falls partly or wholly within the 20 years immediately before the date of the writ of election.
… (Art. 19)
Head of State
- EnglishThe President of the Republic is elected for five years by direct universal suffrage and by majority ballot in two rounds. … (Art. 24)
- Arabicينتخب رئيس الجمهورية لفترة خمسة أعوام باقتراع مباشر وبأغلبية الأصوات في جولتين. ... (المادة 24)
- FrenchLe président de la République est élu pour cinq ans au suffrage universel direct et au scrutin majoritaire à deux tours. … (Art. 24)
Head of State
- English
The President of the Republic is the Head of State.
He is elected by universal direct suffrage for a mandate of five years renewable one sole time.
He is the guarantor, by his arbitration, of the regular and continuous functioning of the public powers, of the national independence and of the territorial integrity. He sees to the safeguarding and to the respect for the national sovereignty both in the interior and in the exterior. He is the guarantor of the National Unity.
… (Art. 45) - French
Le Président de la République est le Chef de l’Etat.
Il est élu au suffrage universel direct pour un mandat de cinq ans renouvelable une seule fois.
Il est le garant, par son arbitrage, du fonctionnement régulier des pouvoirs publics, de l'indépendance nationale et de l'intégrité territoriale. Il veille à la sauvegarde et au respect de la souveraineté nationale tant à l'intérieur qu'à l'extérieur. Il est le garant de l'Unité nationale.
… (Art. 45)
Head of State
- English…
The governmental powers are exercised by the President of the Republic and the Government, the members of which shall have the confidence of the Parliament.
… (Sec. 3) - Finnish…
Hallitusvaltaa käyttävät tasavallan presidentti sekä valtioneuvosto, jonka jäsenten tulee nauttia eduskunnan luottamusta.
… (3 §) - Swedish…
Regeringsmakten utövas av republikens president samt statsrådet, vars medlemmar skall ha riksdagens förtroende.
… (3 §)
Head of State
- EnglishThe President of Montenegro shall be elected on the basis of a general and equal electoral right, through direct and secret ballot.
A Montenegrin citizen residing in Montenegro for minimum 10 years in the past 15 years may be elected for the President of Montenegro.
… (Art. 96) - MontenegrinPredsjednik Crne Gore bira se na osnovu opšteg i jednakog biračkog prava, neposrednim i tajnim glasanjem.
Za predsjednika Crne Gore može biti biran crnogorski državljanin koji ima prebivalište u Crnoj Gori najmanje 10 godina u posljednjih 15 godina.
… (Član 96)
Head of State
- EnglishThe President of the Republic holds the general administration of the State; his attributions are:
1. To comply with and enforce the Constitution, treaties and conventions, laws and other legal provisions;
2. To direct the policies of the state and to represent it;
… (Art. 245) - SpanishEl Presidente de la República tiene a su cargo la administración general del Estado, son sus atribuciones;
1. Cumplir y hacer cumplir la Constitución, los tratados y convenciones, leyes y demás disposiciones legales;
2. Dirigir la política general del Estado y representarlo;
… (Art. 245)
Head of State
- English
(1) An office of Governor-General of Tuvalu is established.
(2) The Governor-General is the representative of the Sovereign. (Sec. 55)
Head of State
- EnglishThe President of the Republic is the Head of State, Head of the Government and of the Administration. In this capacity [titre], he determines and conducts the policy of the Nation, [and] he exercises the regulatory power. (Art. 84)
- Arabicرئيس الجمهورية هو رئيس الدولة ورئيس الحكومة والإدارة. وبصفته هذه، يحدد وينفذ سياسات الأمة ويمارس السلطة التنظيمية. (المادة 84)
- FrenchLe Président de la République est le Chef de l'Etat, Chef du Gouvernement et de l'Administration. A ce titre, il détermine et conduit la politique de la Nation, il exerce le pouvoir réglementaire. (Art. 84)